Jurisprudence

Chapter 54: SUMMARY

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About This Book

The text offers a systematic introduction to legal theory, presenting definitions and classifications of law, the purposes and methods of administering justice, and the nature and functions of the state. It examines different kinds of law—civil, international, natural—and analyzes sources and instruments such as legislation, custom, and precedent. It discusses remedies, penalties, and court functions, and considers constitutional and procedural questions alongside theoretical issues like legal obligation, interpretation, and codification. Organized into focused chapters, it aims to establish a scientific foundation for students while remaining accessible to practitioners and readers interested in the principles underlying legal systems.

SUMMARY

Definition of the State.

Functions of the State	Essential	Administration of Justice.
		War.
	Secondary.
Relations between the two essential functions.
The judicial and extrajudicial use of force.
Minor differences.
The territory of the State.
The members of the State	Citizens or subjects.
	Resident aliens.
Citizenship in its historical aspect.
Citizenship and nationality.
Allegiance	Personal and permanent. Local and temporary.
The constitution of the State.
Constitutional law.
Its nature.
Its relation to constitutional fact.
The government of the State.
Civil power.
Legislative, judicial, and executive power.
Sovereign and subordinate power.
The classification of States:
States	Externally or Internationally	Independent	Fully Sovereign.
			Semi-Sovereign.
		Dependent.
	Internally or Constitutionally	Unitary.
		Composite	Imperial.
			Federal.