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La Navidad en las Montañas

Chapter 21: #E#
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About This Book

A narrator traveling in a mountain region on Christmas Eve shifts from lavish descriptions of mist, peaks, and a distant lake to intimate recollections of childhood and village life. Poetic landscape passages alternate with scenes of rural custom: simple houses decorated with nativity displays, the little church and its midnight mass, communal songs, dances, and modest family meals. Through nostalgic reflection and attentive local detail the tale evokes everyday mountain customs, popular piety, and the warmth of close-knit community life while contrasting nature's grandeur with humble domestic celebrations.

#atenuar#, to diminish.

#aterciopelado, -a#, velvety.

#aterido, -a#, benumbed.

#atizar#, to poke, stir up.

#atónito, -a,# astonished.

#atormentar#, to torment.

#atractivo#, m. charm, grace.

#atraer#, to attract.

#atraigo#, pres. ind. of #atraer#.

#atrajo#, pret. of #atraer#.

#atravesar#, to cross.

#atraviese#, pres. subj. of #atravesar#.

#atreverse#, to dare.

#atrevido, -a,# daring, bold.

#atrio#, m. courtyard.

#audaz#, bold, fearless.

#aullido#, m. howl.

#aumentar#, to augment.

#aun# or #aún#, even.

#aunque#, although.

#aureola#, f. halo.

#ausencia#, f. absence.

#autorizar(se)# to authorize.

#auxiliar#, to help, aid; (noun) m. assistant.

#auxilio#, m. help.

#avanzar#, to advance.

#ave#, f. bird.

#Ave María#, Hail Mary.

#avergonzado, -a,# ashamed.

#avergonzarse#, to be ashamed.

#averiguar#, to find out, ascertain.

#avisar#, to inform, notify.

#avivar#, to animate; —se, to revive.

#¡ay!# alas! ¡— de #mí#! poor me!

#ayuda#, f. help.

#ayudante#, m. helper.

#ayudar#, to help, aid.

#azul#, blue.

#B#

#bailar#, to dance.

#baile#, m. dance.

#bajar(se)#, to lower, descend.

#bajeza#, f. lowness, cringing.

#bajo, -a#, low.

#bajo#, under; #—el sentido de#, in the sense of.

#balsámico, -a,# balsamic.

#banco#, m. pew, bench.

#bandolina# (dim. of #bandola#), mandolin.

#banquete#, m. banquet.

#barandal#, m. railing.

#barba#, f. beard.

#barbarie#, f. barbarism.

#barranca#, f. ravine.

#basar#, to base.

#bastante#, enough, rather, quite a little.

#bastantemente#, sufficiently.

#bastar#, to be enough.

#bastón,# m. stick, cane.

#batallón,# m. batallion.

#batir#, to beat.

#bautizo#, m. baptism.

#beber#, to drink.

#bebida#, f. drink.

#Belén,# Bethlehem.

#belleza#, f. beauty.

#bellísimo, -a,# abs. super. of

#bello#.

#bello, -a,# beautiful, fine.

#bendecir#, to bless.

#bendito, -a,# blessed, holy.

#beneficio#, m. benefit, kind deed.

#benéfico, -a,# kind, beneficent.

#bermejo, -a#, red.

#besar#, to kiss.

#betabel# (Mex.), m. beet.

#bíblico, -a#, biblical.

#bien#, m. welfare, good; adv. well, much.

#bien que#, although.

#bienestar#, m. comfort, well-being.

#bienhechor, -ora#, beneficent.

#blanco, -a#, white; (noun) m. target.

#blando, -a#, soft.

#blandón#, m. large church candle.

#blanquísimo, -a#, abs. super. of #blanco#.

#boca#, f. mouth.

#bollo#, m. small biscuit or cake.

#bonachón, -ona#, kind, good-natured.

#bondad#, f. goodness, kindness.

#bondadoso, -a#, kind, benevolent.

#bonito, -a#, pretty.

#bordar#, to embroider.

#bosque#, m. forest.

#bosquejo#, m. sketch.

#botella#, f. bottle.

#bracito#, dim. of #brazo#.

#brazo#, m. arm.

#breve#, brief, short.

#Breve#, m. apostolic brief.

#brocado, -a#, embroidered, like brocade.

#bucólico, -a#, pastoral.

#bueno, -a#, good.

#buey#, m. ox.

#bullicio#, m. noise.

#bullicioso, -a#, noisy, busy.

#buñuelo#, m. fritter.

#burlar#, to make fun of.

#busca#, f. search.

#buscar#, to seek, look for.

#C#

#caballejo#, m. nag.

#caballo#, m. horse; #a —#, on horseback.

#cabaña#, f. cabin.

#cabellera#, f. long hair.

#cabello#, m. hair.

#caber#, to be contained in.

#cabeza#, f. head.

#cabo, m. end.

#cada#, each.

#caer#, to fall.

#caléndula#, f. marigold.

#calentar#, to warm.

#calidad#, f. quality, character.

#caliente#, hot, warm.

#calzar#, to put on shoes or gloves.

#callarse#, to be silent.

#calle#, f. street.

#callecita#, f. dim. of #calle#.

#cama#, f. bed.

#cambiar#, to change.

#cambio#, m. exchange.

#caminante#, m. traveler.

#caminar#, to go.

#camino#, m. road, way.

#camisa#, f. shirt, jacket.

#camorrista#, m. noisy, quarrelsome person.

#campana#, f. bell.

#campanario#, m. belfry.

#campaña,# f. campaign.

#campechano#, m. good fellow.

#campo#, m. field.

#candelabro#, m. candelabrum.

#candelero#, m. candlestick.

#canon#, m. canon, rule.

#cansado, -a,# tired.

#cansar#, to tire.

#cantador, -ora,# singing.

#cantar#, to sing; (noun) m. song (set to music).

#cantería,# f. hewn stone.

#cántico,# m. chant, song.

#cantidad#, f. quantity.

#canto#, m. song.

#cañón,# m. canyon.

#capaz#, capable.

#capilla#, f. chapel, small church.

#capitán,# m. captain.

#cara#, f. face.

#cárcel#, f. prison.

#carga#, f. burden.

#cargar#, to carry.

#cargo#, m. charge, burden.

#caricia#, f. caress.

#caridad#, f. charity, kindness.

#cariño#, m. affection.

#cariñosamente#, affectionately.

#carlista#, m. Carlist (of a political faction).

#carne#, f. meat.

#caro, -a,# dear.

#carrera#, f. career.

#carrillo#, m. cheek.

#casa#, f. house.

#casamiento#, m. marriage.

#casarse#, to marry.

#casi#, nearly, almost.

#casita#, f. dim. of #casa#.

#castaña#, f. chestnut.

#castaño#, m. chestnut tree.

#casualidad#, f. accident, chance.

#casulla#, f. outermost robe worn by a priest at mass.

#causa#, f. cause; #a —— de#, because of.

#causar#, to cause.

#cayado#, m. staff, shepherd's crook or hook.

#cazador#, m. hunter.

#cazar#, to hunt.

#ceguera#, f. blindness.

#celebrante#, m. priest celebrating the mass. #celebrar#, to celebrate.

#célebre#, celebrated.

#cena#, f. supper.

#cenar#, to dine, sup.

#ceniza#, f. ashes.

#centenar#, m. hundred.

#centro#, m. center.

#ceñir#, to gird, put on.

#cerca#, f. enclosure, hedge; adv. near. #cercado#, m. yard, enclosure.

#cercanía#, f. neighborhood.

#cercano, -a#, near by.

#cerciorarse#, to make sure.

#cerezo#, m. cherry tree.

#cesar#, to cease.

#cesto#, m. basket.

#ciego, -a#, blind; (noun) m. or f. blind person.

#cielo#, m. sky, heavens.

#cien, ciento#, one hundred (100).

#ciertamente#, certainly.

#cierto, -a#, certain.

#ciervo#, m. deer.

#cirio#, m. candle, taper.

#citado, -a#, mentioned.

#ciudad#, f. city.

#claridad#, f. clearness.

#claro, -a#, clear, evident.

#clavo#, m. nail.

#clérigo#, m. priest.

#clero#, m. clergy.

#clima#, m. climate.

#codicioso, -a#, greedy, covetous.

#colegio#, m. college.

#colgar#, to hang.

#colina#, f. hill.

#colocar#, to place.

#colosal#, colossal.

#columna# f. column.

#comarca#, f. district.

#combatir#, to attack, struggle.

#comedor#, m. dining room.

#comenzar#, to commence.

#comer#, to eat.

#comercio#, m. business.

#como#, as, like; #— que#, as, since; — + an expression of time, about.

#cómo#, why.

#comodidad#, f. comfort.

#compadecer#, to pity.

#compañero#, m. companion.

#compañía#, f. company.

#comparación#, f. comparison.

#compatriota#, m. fellow countryman.

#complacer#, to humor, take pleasure in.

#componer#, to compose.

#comprador#, m. buyer.

#comprender#, to understand.

#compuesto#, p.p. of #componer.#

#común#, common.

#comunicar#, to communicate.

#comuniqué#, pret. of #comunicar.#

#comúnmente#, generally.

#con#, with.

#conceder#, to grant.

#conciencia#, f. consciousness, conscience.

#concierto#, m. concert.

#concluir#, to finish; #—se#, to be finished.

#concluyeron#, pret. of #concluir.#

#concluyó#, pret. of #concluir.#

#concurrencia#, f. congregation, assembly.

#concurso#, m. congregation, crowd.

#condenar#, to sentence, condemn.

#conducir#, to conduct, carry.

#conducta#, f. behavior, conduct.

#confesión#, f. confession.

#confianza#, f. confidence, trust.

#confirmar#, to confirm.

#confitar#, to preserve.

#confitura#, f. sweetmeat, candied fruit.

#conforme#, consistent.

#conjunto#, m. aggregate, whole.

#conjurar(se)#, to ward off.

#conmigo#, with me.

#conmovedor, -ora#, touching.

#conmover#, to effect, touch.

#conmovido, -a#, touched.

#conocer#, to be acquainted with, know.

#conocimiento#, m. acquaintance; pl. knowledge.

#conozco#, pres. of #conocer#.

#conquistador#, m. conqueror; adj. conquering.

#conquistar#, to vanquish.

#consagrar#, to consecrate, devote.

#consecuencia#, f. consequence.

#conseguir#, to attain, get.

#consejero#, m. adviser.

#consejo#, m. advice.

#conservar#, to preserve.

#considerar#, to consider.

#consiguiente#, m. consequence; #por —#, consequently.

#consolar#, to console.

#constituir#, to form, constitute.

#constituyen#, pres. of #constituir#.

#construir#, to construct.

#consuelo#, m. consolation.

#consulta#, f. consultation.

#consultor#, m. adviser.

#consumir#, to consume.

#contar#, to tell, relate.

#contener#, to restrain.

#contentar#, to gratify, satisfy.

#contento, -a#, happy, pleased, satisfied, contented; (noun),m.. joy.

#contestación#, f. answer.

#contestar#, to answer.

#contigo#, with you.

#continuar#, to continue.

#contra#, against.

#contrariedad#, f. opposition.

#contrario, -a#, contrary; #al—#, or #por el —#, on the contrary.

#contrarrestar#, to resist, oppose.

#convencer#, to convince.

#conveniente#, expedient.

#convenir#, to be suitable.

#convertir#, to change, transform.

#convocar#, to call.

#copa#, f. top (of tree); wineglass, cup.

#copo#, m. flake (of snow).

#coposo, -a#, abundant in foliage.

#coquetamente#, prettily.

#corazón,# m. heart.

#cordero#, m. lamb.

#cordillera#, f. mountain range.

#coro#, m. choir.

#corona#, f. crown.

#coronar#, to crown.

#corral#, m. yard, corral.

#corrección#, f. correctness.

#corredor#, m. corridor.

#corregir#, to correct.

#correr#, to run; #— gallo#, to serenade;

#corre de la cuenta de alguien#, some one is responsible for.

#corresponder#, to reciprocate, love in return.

#corriente#, current, all right.

#corro#, m. group.

#cortejo#, m. homage.

#cortésmente#, courteously.

#cortina#, f. curtain.

#cosa#, f. thing; #tal —#, such a thing.

#cosecha#, f. harvest.

#costa#, f. cost.

#costado#, m. side.

#costoso, -a#, costly.

#costumbre#, f. custom, habit.

#creado, -a#, created.

#Creador#, m. Creator.

#creer#, to believe.

#crepuscular#, pertaining to twilight.

#cresta#, f. crest.

#criado#, m. servant.

#criatura#, f. being, infant.

#crimen#, m. crime.

#cristianismo#, m. Christianity.

#cristiano, -a#, Christian.

#cruz#, f. cross.

#cruzar#, to cross, pass.

#cuadernito#, m. pamphlet.

#cuadra#, f. barn.

#cuadro#, m. picture.

#cual#, which; (when preceded by def. art.) who, which.

#cualquiera#, any, whatever.

#cuando#, when.

#cuanto#, whatever, the more; #— antes#, as soon as possible, immediately; #en — a#, with regard to; #unos —s#, a few.

#cuarto#, m. room.

#cubierta#, f. cover.

#cubrir#, to cover.

#cuello#, m. neck.

#cuenta#, f. account: see #correr# and #tomar#.

#cuento#, m. tale, story.

#cuerda#, f. cord, rope.

#cuerpo#, m. body.

#cuestión#, f. question.

#cuidado#, m. care; #no tener —#, not to worry.

#cuidar#, to take care.

#culpa#, f. blame.

#culpable#, culpable.

#cultivador#, m. cultivator.

#cultivo#, m. cultivation.

#culto, -a#, cultured; (noun) m. homage, worship.

#cumbre#, f. top, crest.

#cumplimiento#, m. fulfilment.

#cumplir#, to perform, fulfil.

#cuna#, f. cradle.

#cupano# (Philippine), m. cupano (kind of tree).

#cupiese#, subj. of #caber#.

#cura#, m. priest.

#cura#, f. cure.

#cural#, pertaining to a priest.

#curar(se)#, to treat, cure.

#curato#, m. parish house.

#curioso, -a#, inquisitive, curious.

#curiosamente#, curiously.

#curiosidad#, f. curiosity.

#custodio#, m. guard.

#cuyo, -a#, whose.

#Ch#

#chaleco#, m. vest.

#chaqueta#, f. coat.

#chico#, m. boy.

#chicuelo#, m. little boy.

#chícharo, m. pea.

#chimenea#, f. fireplace.

#¡chist!# exclamation, sh!

#choza#, f. hut, cabin.

#D#

#dado#, p. p. of #dar#.

#dañino, -a#, harmful.

#daño#, m. harm.

#dañoso, -a#, harmful.

#dar#, to give; #—se por#, to consider oneself.

#de#, of, from.

#dé#, pres. subj. of #dar#.

#deber#, ought, must, to owe. (noun) m. duty.

#débil#, weak, faint.

#decantado, -a#, boasted.

#decidir#, to decide.

#decir#, to say, tell; #se dice#, it is said, they say.

#decorar#, to decorate.

#decretar#, to decree.

#dedicar#, to dedicate.

#dedicatoria#, f. dedication.

#dediqué#, pret. of #dedicar#.

#defender#, to defend.

#deferir#, to delay.

#deformar#, to disfigure, deform.

#deforme#, hideous.

#dejar#, to leave, let, allow; #— de# + inf., to cease.

del, contraction of #de el#.

#delantal#, m. apron.

#delante#, before, in front of.

#delgado, -a#, slender.

#delicia#, f. delight.

#delicioso, -a#, delightful.

#delito#, m. crime.

#demás#, rest, others.

#demasiado#, too.

#demócrata#, m. democratic person.

#demostrar#, to show, prove.

#den#, pres. subj. of #dar#.

#denso, -a#, dense, thick.

#dependiente#, m. dependent, employee.

#depositario, -a; lugar —#, store-house.

#depurar#, to purify.

#derecho#, m. right.

#derramar#, to shed, spill.

#derredor (en)#, around.

#derruir#, to ruin.

#desafiar#, to defy.

#desagradar#, to displease.

#desalentarse#, to discourage.

#desaliento#, m. discouragement.

#desamparo#, m. abandonment, lack of protection.

#desaparecer#, to disappear.

#desaprobar#, to disapprove.

#desarrollar#, to develop.

#desatar#, to untie.

#descalzo, -a#, barefooted.

#descansar#, to rest.

#descanso#, m. rest.

#descender#, to descend.

#descendiente#, m. descendant.

#descoger#, to unfold, spread.

#descolorido, -a#, pale.

#desconfianza#, f. timidity, disbelief.

#desconocido, -a#, unknown.

#descubierto, -a#, bare, discovered, uncovered.

#descubrirse#, to take off one's hat, be discovered.

#desde#, from, since; #— luego#, thereupon.

#desdeñar#, to disdain, scorn.

#desear#, to desire.

#desembarazar(se)#, to get rid of.

#desembocar#, to come forth from.

#desenlace#, m. unraveling of a plot, dénouement.

#desenlazar#, to disentangle.

#deseo#, m. desire.

#desesperación#, f. despair.

#desfavorable#, unfavorable.

#desgracia#, f. misfortune, sorrow; #por —#, unfortunately.

#desgraciado, -a#, unfortunate, unhappy.

#deshacer#, to undo, destroy.

#desierto#, m. desert.

#deslumbrador, -ora#, dazzling.

#desmotar#, to clear.

#desorden#, m. disorder.

#desordenado, -a#, disorderly, lawless.

#despedirse#, to take leave, say good-bye.

#despegar#, to open, unjoint.

#despejar#, to uncover, remove obstacles.

#despejo#, m. ease.

#despertar#, to waken; #—se#, to be awakened.

#desplegar#, to spread out.

#despojar#, to strip.

#desprenderse#, to stand out.

#después#, then, afterwards; #— de#, after.

#desterrar#, to exile, uproot.

#destinar#, to destine.

#destruido, -a#, destroyed.

#destruir#, to destroy.

#destruyen#, pres. ind. of #destruir#.

#desvelar#, to keep awake.

#desventurado, -a#, unfortunate.

#detener(se)#, to detain, stop.

#detenido, -a#, careful.

#detestar#, to hate, detest.

#detuvieronse#, pret. of #detenerse#.

#deudo#, m. relative.

#devastador, -ora#, devastating.

#devocionario#, m. prayer book.

#devoto, -a#, devout.

#dí#, pret. of #dar#.

#día#, m. day.

#diablo#, m. devil.

#diantre; ¡qué —!# confound it!

#diario, -a#, daily; (noun) m. daily (newspaper).

#dictar#, to dictate.

#dictasen#, impf. subj. of #dictar#.

#dicha#, f. happiness.

#dicho, -a#, p.p. of #decir#.

#dichoso, -a#, happy.

#diente#, m. tooth.

#diezmarse#, to decimate.

#diferir#, to postpone.

#difícil#, difficult.

#difícilmente#, with difficulty.

#dificultad#, f. difficulty.

#digno, -a#, worthy.

#dij-e, —iste, —o#, pret. of #decir#.

#dinero#, m. money.

#dió#, pret. of dar.

#Dios#, God; #¡— mío!# my goodness!

#diría#, cond. of #decir#.

#dirigir#, to direct; #—se#, to go towards, turn.

#dirimir#, to adjust.

#discípulo#, m. follower.

#discurso#, m. speech, sermon.

#diseñar#, to sketch.

#disfrutar#, to enjoy.

#disgustar#, to displease.

#disgusto#, m. unpleasantness.

#disimular#, to hide (feeling), conceal.

#disipar#, to drive away, dissipate.

#disolver#, to loosen, separate.

#disparate#, m. absurdity, nonsense, blunder.

#disponer#, to get ready, arrange.

#disposición#, f. order, regulation, inclination.

#disputa#, f. dispute.

#distancia#, f. distance.

#distar#, to be distant.

#diste#, pret. of #dar#.

#distinguir#, to distinguish.

#distraerse#, to amuse oneself.

#distrito#, m. district.

#diverso, -a#, varied.

#dividir#, to divide, separate.

#divinidad#, f. divinity.

#divisar#, to catch sight of.

#doble#, double.

#doblegar#, to bend or weigh down.

#dócil#, docile.

#doctrina#, f. church doctrine.

#dolor#, m. grief, pain.

#doloroso, -a#, sad, painful.

#dominar#, to control, subdue.

#don#, m. gift.

#donativo#, m. gift.

#doncella#, f. girl, young woman.

#donde#, where; #¿dónde?# where?

#dondequiera; por —#, everywhere.

#dormir#, to sleep; #—se#, to fall asleep.

#dotado, -a#, gifted, endowed.

#duda#, f. doubt.

#dueño#, m. master.

#duerme#, pres. ind. of #dormir#.

#dulce#, gentle, sweet; (noun) m. candy.

#dulcemente#, pleasantly.

#dulcería#, f. confectionery.

#dulzura#, f. gentleness, pleasure.

#duplicar#, to double.

#durante#, during.

#durmió#, pret. of #dormir#.

#duro, -a#, hard.

#E#

#e#, and.

#ebrio, -a#, drunken.

#eclesiástico, -a#, ecclesiastic, ecclesiastical.

#eclipsar#, to eclipse.

#echar#, to throw; #—en cara#, to accuse to one's face; —de menos#, to miss.

#edad#, f. age; #de —#, elderly.

#edición#, f. edition.

#edificio#, m. building, structure.

#educado, -a#, educated.

#educar#, to educate.

#efecto#, m. thing; #en —#, in fact, in truth.

#eficaz#, efficacious, efficient.

#Egipto#, Egypt.

#ejecución#, f. execution.

#ejecutarse#, to do, execute.

#ejemplar#, exemplary.

#ejemplo#, m. example.

#ejercicio#, m. exercise.

#ejercitarse#, to be trained.

#ejército#, m. army.

#elevado, -a#, lofty, grand.

#elevar#, to elevate.

#elogio#, m. praise.

#emanar#, to emanate.

#embargar#, to impede, seize.

#embargo; sin —#, nevertheless.

#embellecer#, to beautify.

#embriagar#, to intoxicate.

#embriaguez#, f. drunkenness.

#emoción#, f. emotion.

#empeño#, m. determination, eagerness.

#empresa#, f. undertaking.

#en#, in.

#enaguas#, f. skirt.

#enamorado, -a#, enamored.

#enamorar#, to cause love; #—se#, to fall in love.

#encaje#, m. lace.

#encantador, -ora#, enchanting.

#encantar#, to enchant.

#encarar#, to face.

#encargar#, to order, commission; #—se#, to take upon oneself.

#encarnado, -a#, red.

#encender#, to light.

#encendido, -a#, lighted.

#encerrar#, to include; #—se# (fig.), to lose oneself.

#encima#, above, over.

#encina#, f. oak.

#enclavar#, to nail.

#encomendar#, to commend, recommend.

#encontrar#, to meet, find; #—se con#, to discover.

#encuentro#, pres. ind. of #encontrar#.

#encuentro#, m.; #acudir a su —#, to run to meet him or her.

#enemigo#, m. enemy.

#enérgico, -a#, energetic.

#enfadarse#, to get angry.

#enfermedad#, f. sickness.

#enfermizo, -a#, sickly.

#enfermo, -a#, ill, sick.

#engañar#, to deceive.

#engendrar#, to engender, create.

#enguirnaldar#, to wreathe.

#enhorabuena#, f. congratulation.

#enjambre#, m. swarm.

#enorme#, enormous.

#enredarse#, to be entwined.

#enriquecer#, to enrich.

#ensalada#, f. salad.

#ensanchar#, to widen; #— el corazón#, to cheer up.

#ensayar#, to try.

#enseñanza#, f. instruction, teaching.

#enseñar#, to teach, show.

#entender#, to understand.

#enterado, -a#, informed.

#enteramente#, entirely.

#enternecido, -a#, moved to pity.

#enternecimiento#, m. compassion, pity.

#entero, -a#, entire.

#entierro#, m. #funeral#.

#entonar#, to intone, sing.

#entonces#, then.

#entrada#, f. entrance.

#entrar (en)#, to enter.

#entre#, among; #por —#, among.

#entregar#, to deliver, give over; #—se a#, to abandon oneself to.

#entretanto#, in the meantime.

#entristecer#, to sadden.

#entristecido, -a#, saddened.

#entusiasmado, -a#, enthusiastic.

#entusiasmo#, m. enthusiasm.

#entusiasta#, enthusiastic.

#envejecer#, to grow old.

#envejecido, -a#, grown old.

#enverjado#, m. fence.

#enviar#, to send.

#envolver#, to envelop.

#época#, f. epoch.

#era#, impf. of #ser.#

#ermita#, m. hermit.

#esbelto, -a#, slender.

#escabroso, -a#, rough, uneven.

#escándalo#, m. scandal, tumult.

#escapar#, to escape.

#escarcha#, f. frost, frost-work.

#escasez#, m. poverty.

#escaso, -a#, scant, scarce.

#escena#, f. scene.

#esclarecido, -a#, noble, enlightened.

#escoger#, to choose.

#escoja#, pres. subj. of #escoger.#

#esconder#, to hide.

#escribir#, to write.

#escrito#, p.p. of #escribir.#

#escritor#, m. author.

#escritura#, f. writing.

#escuchar#, to listen (to).

#escuela#, f. school.

#esencialmente,# essentially.

#esforzarse#, to make an effort.

#esfuerzo#, m. effort, force.

#esgrimir#, to fence.

#esmeradamente#, very carefully.

#esmero#, m. care.

#eso#, that; # por —#, for that reason.

#espacio#, m. space; interval of time.

#espada#, f. sword.

#espalda#, f. back; #a las —s de#, behind.

#espantoso, -a#, frightful.

#España#, Spain.

#español, -ola#, Spanish; Spaniard.

#especie#, f. kind.

#espectáculo#, m. spectacle.

#esperanza#, f. hope.

#esperar#, to await, expect, hope.

#espeso, -a#, thick.

#espina#, f. thorn.

#espíritu#, m. spirit, mind, soul.

#espléndido, -a#, splendid.

#esposo#, m. husband; pl.. husband and wife.

#esquivez#, f. shyness.

#esquivo, -a#, shy.

#establecer#, to establish.

#estación#, f. season.

#estado#, m. state.

#estallar#, to break out, burst forth.

#estar#, to be.

#estatura#, f. stature.

#este#, this; éste (pron.), this one, the latter.

#estera#, f. mat, matting.

#estilo#, m. style.

#estimar#, to respect, esteem.

#estimular#, to stimulate.

#estímulo#, m. stimulus.

#estómago#, m. stomach.

#estorbar#, to hinder.

#estrechar#, to clasp, embrace.

#estrecho, -a#, narrow, close.

#estrella#, f. star.

#estudiar#, to study.

#estudio#, m. study.

#estupefacción#, f. stupefaction.

#evangélico, -a#, evangelical.

#evangelio#, m. gospel.

#evitar#, to avoid.

#evocar#, to evoke.

#evoqué#, pret. of #evocar#.

#exagerar#, to exaggerate.

#examen#, m. examination.

#examinar#, to examine.

#excitar#, to excite.

#exclaustración#, f. secularization.

#exhortación#, f. exhortation, admonition.

#exigencia#, f. demand.

#exigir#, to demand, exact.

#existir#, to exist.

#éxito#, m. success.

#exquisito#, exquisite.

#extrañamiento#, m. surprise.

#extrañar#, to alienate, wonder at.

#extrañeza#, f. surprise.

#extraño, -a#, strange; (noun) m. or f. stranger, foreigner.

#extremado, -a#, extreme.

#F#

#facción#, f. feature.

#fácil#, easy.

#facilitar#, to facilitate.

#fácilmente#, easily.

#facultad#, f. authority.

#faja#, f. band, belt.

#falaz#, false, fallacious.

#falda#, f. brow of hill, slope.

#fallo#, m. decision, sentence.

#familia#, f. family.

#fanático#, m. fanatic.

#fanatismo#, m. fanaticism.

#fantasma#, m. phantom, specter.

#fastidio#, m. ennui.

#fatiga#, f. fatigue, hardship.

#fatigar#, to fatigue.

#fatigoso, -a#, fatiguing.

#favor#, m. support.

#favorecer#, to favor.

#faz#, f. face, surface.

#fe#, f. faith; #a —#, in truth.

#fecundo, -a#, productive, fertile.

#felicidad#, f. happiness.

#felicitar#, to congratulate.

#feligrés#, m. parishioner.

#feliz#, happy.

#ferocidad#, f. ferocity.

#feroz#, fierce.

#fiebre#, f. fever.

#fiel#, m. faithful.

#fiera#, f. wild beast.

#fiero, -a#, proud.

#fiesta#, f. festival, feast.

#fiestecita, f. dim. of #fiesta#.

#figurarse#, to imagine.

#figúrese#, impv. of #figurarse#.

#fijar#, to fix.

#fila#, f. line, row, rank.

#filosófico, -a#, philosophical.

#fin#, m. end; #a — de#, in order to; #a — de que#, in order that; #en —, por —#, finally.

#fingir#, to pretend.

#finísimo, -a#, abs. super. of #fino#.

#fino, -a#, fine.

#finura#, f. delicacy, refinement.

#firmeza#, f. firmness.

#física#, f. physics.

#físico#, m. physique.

#fisonomía#, f. physiognomy.

#flaco, -a#, thin.

#flanquear#, to flank.

#flauta#, f. flute.

#fleco#, m. fringe.

#flor#, f. flower.

#flotante#, floating.

#fluidez#, f, smoothness.

#fogata#, f. bonfire.

#folletín#, m. serial story (in a newspaper).

#fondo#, m. bottom, rear; #en el —#, in the bottom of one's heart.

#formar#, to form.

#fortuna#, f. fortune.

#fraile#, m. monk, friar.

#francamente#, frankly.

#francés, -esa#, French.

#franco, -a#, frank.

#franjar#, to fringe.

#franqueza#, f. frankness.

#frase#, f. sentence, phrase.

#fraternidad#, f. fraternity, brotherhood.

#fray#, contraction of #fraile#.

#frecuencia#, f. frequency.

#frecuente#, frequent.

#frente#, f. forehead.

#fresa#, f. strawberry.

#fresco, -a#, fresh.

#frialdad#, f. coolness.

#frijol#, m. kidney bean.

#frío, -a#, cold, coldness.

#fruta#, ff. fruit.

#frutal#, fruit bearing.

#fuego#, m. fire.

#fuera#, outside.

#fuera#, pret. of #ir# and #ser#.

#fuerte#, secure, strong, hardy.

#fuerza#, f. force; #a — de#, by dint of.

#fugaz#, fleeting.

#Fulano, -a#, so and so.

#función#, function, ceremony.

#fundador#, m. founder.

#fundar#, to found.

#funesto, -a#, terrible.

#G#

#gabela#, f. tax.

#galanteo#, m. wooing, gallantry.

#galope#, m. gallop, haste.

#gallardo, -a#, handsome.

#gallo#, m. cock.

#gana#, f. pleasure; #de buena —#, willingly.

#ganadería#, f. cattle raising.

#ganadero#, m. herdsman.

#ganado#, m. live stock, cattle; —#menor#, sheep, goats, etc.

#ganar#, to gain.

#garantice#, pres. subj. of #garantizar#.

#garantizar#, to guarantee.

#garganta#, f. throat, canyon.

#general#, usual, general.

#generalizarse#, to become general.

#generalmente#, generally.

#generosidad#, f. generosity.

#generoso, -a#, generous.

#genio#, m. character, spirit.

#gente#, f. folk, people.

#gentío#, m. crowd.

#gestión#, f. effort.

#gigantesco, -a#, gigantic.

#gitana#, f. gipsy.

#gobernante#, m. manager, person in authority.

#gobierno#, m. government.

#golosina#, f. sweetmeat.

#goma#, f. gum.

#grabar#, to engrave.

#gracia#, f. grace; pl. thanks; #—s a#, thanks to.

#gracioso, -a#, pretty, graceful, pleasing.

#gran#; see #grande#.

#grande#, large, grand, great.

#grandecito#, dim of #grande#.

#granja#, f. farmhouse.

#granjear#, to gain, earn.

#gratificación#, f. reward.

#grato, -a#, pleasing.

#gravamen#, m. hardship, burden.

#grave#, solemn.

#gravoso, -a#, onerous, troublesome.

#gris#, grizzled, gray.

#gritar#, to scream, cry out.

#grito#, m. cry.

#grueso, -a#, thick, big.

#guardar#, to guard, keep.

#guardián#, m. guardian.

#guarida#, f. lurking-place, haunt.

#guerra#, f. war.

#guiar#, to guide.

#guirigay#, m. jargon.

#guirnalda#, f. garland.

#gusano#, m. worm; #— de seda#, silkworm.

#gustar#, to like, please.

#gustoso#, gladly.