Lessons in the Shanghai Dialect

ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABUARY

• A
• A or an is expressed by the use of a classifier, e.g., ih-kuh, 一個, ih-diau, 一條.
• Able, nung, 能, we°, 會, nung-keu°, 能夠.
• About, iak-kwe, 約規, iak-tsak, 約酌, da-iak, 大約, when used with a number, 巴, — a hundred, pak-°po, 百巴, — the same, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, — to do a thing, tsiang-iau°, 將要, khwa-tse, 快哉, (used after the verb), — midnight, pen°-ya°-°po, 半夜巴.
• Above, °zaung-deu, 上頭.
• Accept, to, °zeu, 受, seu, 收.
• Accompany, to, be, 陪, — a friend on leaving, soong°, 送.
• According, to, tsau, 照, tsau°-°ngoo-khoen°, 照我看.
• Account, an, tsang°, 賬, to collect —, seu-tsang°, 手賬, on — of, iung-we°, 因爲.
• Account book, an, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本帳簿.
• Add, to, ka, 加, thien, 添, ka-thien, 加添, to — a little, ka-°tien, 加點.
• Advantage, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處.
• Affair, an, ih °jien z°-°thi, 一件事體 or ih tsaung z°-°thi, 一樁事體.
• After, °‘eu, 後, °‘eu-deu, 後頭, — this, °i-°‘eu, 以後, day — to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日.
• Afternoon, °‘au-pen°-nyih, 下半日.
• Afterwards, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
• Again, tse°, 再, yi°, 又.
• Age, kwe-kang, 貴庚, or kau-zeu, 高壽.
• Ago, a little while —, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh-too °kyi-z, 勿多幾時.
• All, °loong-°tsoong, 攏總, koong°-°tsoong, 共總, ih tshi, 一切, (collectively), zen, 全, thok, 秃, — in general, da-ke, 大槪.
• Allow, to, nyang°, 讓.
• Already, °i-kyung, 已經.
• Also, °‘a-z, 也是, °‘a, 也.
• Although, soe-zen, 雖然, soe-°z, 雖是.
• Always, dzang-tsaung, 常莊, dzang-dzang, 常常.
• Am, z, 是.
• America, °Me-kok, 美國, Hwo-ji-kok, 花旗國.
• Among, taung-tsoong, 當中.
• Anciently, °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
• And, °lau, 佬, tah-ts, 搭之, one hundred — one, ih pak ling ih, 一百零一.
• Answer, to, we-deu, 回頭, we-tah, 回答.
• Antiquity, °koo-z-kau, 古時間.
• Anyone, dzoe-bien° sa°-nyung, 隨便啥人, have you any? noong° °yeu sa° va°? 儂有啥否, not any, m-meh, 沒末.
• Anywhere, dzoe-bien° °‘a-li, 隨便那裏, ’veh lung °‘a-li, 勿論那裏.
• Apple, an, ih tsak bing-°koo, 一只蘋菓.
• Are, z, 是.
• Arrange, to, ban, 辦.
• Arrest, to, tsauh, 捉.
• Arrive, to, tau°, 到.
• As, for example, like, °hau-ziang, 好像, — it seems to me, tsau° °ngoo khoen°, 照我看, — you please, dzoe-bien° noong°, 隨便儂.
• Ask, to, mung°, 問, jeu, 求, °tshing, 請.
• Aspirate, to, tsheh-foong, 出風.
• At, leh-la°, 垃拉, la°, 拉, — first, chi deu, 起頭, — night, ya° deu, 夜頭, ya°-li, 夜裏.
• Attack, to, koong-°tang, 攻打.
• Attend, to, to heed, taung-sing, 當心, yoong-sing, 用心, lieu-sing, 留心, to — to matters, ban°, to — to a thing to make it right, loong, 弄, loong-°hau, 弄好.
• Autumn, tshieu, 秋.
• Ax, an, ih °po °foo-deu, 一把斧頭.
• B
• Back, the, pe°, 背, to come —, °tsen le, 轉來, kyui le, 歸來, to — the book, pe°, 背.
• Bad, cheu, 恘, ’veh °hau, 勿好, — weather, thien ’veh °hau, 天勿好.
• Bake, to, hoong, 烘.
• Baggage, ‘ang-°li 行李.
• Bale, a —, ih pau, 一包, (used as a classifier), a — of merchandize, ih pau °hoo-suh, 一包貨色.
• Bamboo, a stick of —, ih kung tsok-deu, 一根竹頭.
• Bar, of a door, sak, 閂.
• Bar, to a door, sen, 閂.
• Bark, to, °ngau, 咬, kyau, 叫.
• Barrow, a, ih boo° °siau tsho, 一部小車.
• Barter, to, wen°, 換, diau°, 調.
• Basket, a, ih tsak lan, 一隻籃.
• Bathe, to, zing° yok, 淨浴.
• Battery, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
• Battle, to fight a —, °tang-tsang°, 打仗.
• Be, to, °z, 是, leh la°, 垃拉.
• Beat, to, °tang, 打, to — one another, siang-°tang, 相打, to — a drum, khau °koo, 敲鼓.
• Because, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
• Bed, a, ih tsak zaung, 一隻牀 — room, ih kan vaung-kan, 一間房間.
• Bedding, phoo°-ke°, 鋪蓋.
• Before, zien, 前, zien-deu, 前頭, day — yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
• Beg, to, °thau, 討.
• Beget, to, °yang, 養, sang °yang, 生養.
• Beggar, a, °thau-van°-kuh, 討飯個, kau° hwo°-°ts, 叫化子.
• Begin, to, °chi, 起, to — work, khe-koong, 開工, °doong-koong, 動工, — to journey, °doong-sung, 動身.
• Beginning, a, °chi-deu, 起頭, °chi-tshoo, 起初, khe-dzang, 開塲, — of the year, nyien-deu, 年頭.
• Behind, °‘eu-ti, 後底, °‘eu-ti-deu, 後底頭, °‘eu-deu, 後頭.
• Believe, to, sing°, 信, siang-sing°, 相信.
• Bell, a, tsoong, 鐘.
• Below, °‘au-deu, 下頭, °‘au-ti-deu, 下底頭.
• Beneath, ti-°‘au, 底下.
• Beside, baung-pien, 旁邊, pien-deu, 邊頭.
• Besides, ling°-nga°, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 還.
• Best, °ting °hau, 頂好, man °hau, 蠻好.
• Better, °hau tien, 好點, the quicker the —, yoeh khwa° yoeh °hau, 越快越好.
• Between, taung-tsoong, 當中.
• Beyond, koo, 過.
• Big, doo°, 大.
• Bill, ih tsang tsang°, 一張賬.
• Bind, to, with a cord, °paung, 綁.
• Bird, a, ih tsak °tiau, 一隻窵.
• Biscuit, ih kuh thah-°ping, 一個𩝣餅.
• Bite, °ngau, 咬.
• Bitter, °khoo, 苦.
• Black, huh, 黑.
• Blanket, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭, woolen, nyoong-than, 羢毯.
• Blow, to, tsh, 吹, to — out, tsh °iung, 吹隱, to — into a flame or blaze, tsh yaung°, 吹旺.
• Blue, lan, 藍.
• Board, a, ih khwe °pan, 一塊板.
• Board, to, a ship, °zaung zen, 上船.
• Boat, a, ih tsak zen, 一隻船, steam —, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一隻火輪船, to start a —, khe zen, 開船.
• Body, a, ih kuh sung-°thi, 一個身體.
• Boil, to, zah, 煠, to — water, °kwung, 滾.
• Boiling water, khe °s, 開水.
• Bolt, of a door, sen, 閂, of cloth, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
• Bolt, to — a door, sak, 閂.
• Bonnet, a, ih °ting mau°-°ts, 一頂帽子, ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一隻帽子.
• Book, a, ih °pung su, 一本書, a set of —s, ih boo° su, 一部書, an account —, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本賬簿, a small blank —, ih °pung boo°-°ts, 一本簿子.
• Book-case, a, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書厨.
• Borrow, to, tsia°, 借.
• Both, liang-kuh, 兩個.
• Bottle, a, (used as a classifier) bing, 瓶.
• Bowl, a Chinese eating —, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗, a wash —, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
• Box, a large —, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子, a small —, ih tsak ‘ah-°ts, 一只盒子, (as a classifier), siang, 箱.
• Boy, a, ih kuh siau-noen, 一個小囝, a table —, ih kuh °si-tse°, 一個細崽, a horse —, ih kuh °ma-foo, 一個馬夫, a school —, ih kuh °auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
• Brace, a (used as a classifier), ih te°, 一對.
• Brass, doong, 銅.
• Bread, a loaf of —, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭, a piece of —, ih khwe° men-deu, 一塊饅頭, a slice of —, ih phien° men-deu, 一片饅頭.
• Breadth, khweh-‘ah, 闊狹.
• Break, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
• Breakfast, °tsau-van°, 早飯.
• Brick, a, ih khwe° tsen-deu, 一塊磚頭, or lok-tsen, 䃙磚, a pile of —, ih te lok-tsen, 一堆䃙磚.
• Bridge, ih diau jau, 一條橋.
• Bring, to, tan-le, 担來, nau-le, 拿來, to — with you, ta° le, 帶來, to — out, nau-tsheh-le, 拿出來, tan-tsheh-le, 担出來, to — back, nau °tsen le, 拿轉來, tau-°tsen-le, 担轉來.
• Broad, khweh, 闊.
• Broil, to, tsien, 煎.
• Broom, a, ih °po °sau-°tseu, 一把掃箒.
• Brother, °di-hyoong, 弟兄, elder —, ak-koo, 阿哥, younger —, hyoong-°di, 兄弟, °di-°di, 弟弟.
• Brush, to, seh, 刷.
• Bucket, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
• Buddhist, a — idol, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a — priest, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙.
• Buffalo, a water —, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一隻水牛.
• Build, to, °zau, 造, to — a partition, tshi° pih, 砌壁, to — a wall, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌牆.
• Bundle, a, (used as a classifier), ih °khwung, 一捆.
• Burn, to, sau, 燒, thaung, 烫.
• Business, sang-i°, 生意, °ma-ma°, 買賣.
• But, dau-°z, 但是, dok-°z, 獨是.
• Butter, °na-yeu, 奶油.
• Butterfly, a, ih tsak ‘oo-dih, 一隻蝴蝶.
• Button, a, °nyeu-°ts, 鈕子.
• Buy, to, °ma, 買.
• By, (the agent), peh, 撥, peh-la°, 撥拉, — means of, yoong, 用, — the side of, pien-deu, 邊頭, — chance, °ngeu-zen, 偶然, — what means, na°-nung, 那能, — and —, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-hyih, 歇一歇.
• C
• Cake, a, ih kuh kyi-dan°-kau, 一個鷄蛋糕.
• Calculate, to, soen°, 算, °tang-soen°, 打算, to — accounts, soen°-tsang°, 算賬.
• Call, to, kyau°, 叫, han°, 喊, to — on, maung°-maung°, 望望.
• Can, permission or ability, °khau-°i, 可以, physical ability, nung-keu°, 能彀, acquired ability, we°, 會, — do it, tsoo°-tuh-le, 做得來, — not do it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來.
• Canal, a, ih diau °kaung, 一條港.
• Candle, a, ih kung lah-tsok, 一根蠟燭.
• Candles, a, pair of —s, ih te° lah tsok, 一對蠟燭.
• Cane, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
• Cannon, a, ih tsung phau°, 一尊炮.
• Cap, a, ih °ting, 一頂 or ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一只帽子.
• Car, a steam —, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
• Careful, taung-sing, 當心.
• Carefully, °ts-si°, 仔細.
• Carpenter, a, ih kuh mok-ziang°, 一個木匠.
• Carpet, a, ih diau mau-°than, 一條毛毯.
• Carriage, a, ih °boo °mo-tsho, 一部馬車, steam —, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車, to go in a —, °zoo °mo-tsho, 坐馬車.
• Carry, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to — in one hand, ling, 拎, nau, 拿, to — in the arms like a child, °bau, 抱, to — on the shoulder, jien, 掮, to — on the back, pe°, 揹, to — with bamboo pole on shoulder, one man, thiau, 挑, to — with bamboo pole by two men, kaung, 扛, to — a letter, ta° ih foong sing°, 帶一封信.
• Case, a book —, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書㕑, in any —, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
• Cash, a, ih kuh doong-dieu, 一個銅鈿.
• Cask, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
• Cat, a, ih tsak mau, 一只猫.
• Catch, tsauh, 捉, to — fire, seh-°hoo, 失火, °hoo-dzak, 火着.
• Catty, a, ih kyung, 一斤.
• Cent, a —, ih fung, 一分, ten —s, ih kauh, 一角, twenty —s, liang kauh, 兩角, s khe, 四開.
• Chair, a, ih tsak iui°-°ts, 一只椅子, a sedan —, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子.
• Chance, by —, °ngeu-zen, 偶然.
• Change, °tsau-deu, 找頭.
• Change, to, — a dollar, de° yang-dien, 兌洋鈿, to — residence, pen-dzang, 搬場.
• Character, a Chinese —, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a —, suh, 識, sound of a —, z°-iung, 字音.
• Charcoal, than, 炭.
• Chart, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
• Cheap, jang, 強.
• Cheat, to, chi, 欺, phien°, 騙, chi-phien°, 欺騙.
• Chicken, a, ih tsak kyi, 一只鷄.
• Child, a, ih kuh °siau-noen, 一個小囝.
• Chimney, ien-tshoong, 烟囱.
• China, Tsoong-kok, 中國, Tsoong-wo, 中華, zeh-pah-°sang, 十八省, Ts-na, 支那, Tsoong-wo ming-kok 中華民國.
• Chinese, Tsoong-kok, 中國, a — character, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a — character, suh, 識.
• Church, a, °li-pa°-daung, 禮拜堂.
• City, a, ih zoo° dzung, 一座城.
• Class, a (in school), ih pan, 一班.
• Clause, a, ih kyui°, 一句.
• Clean, koen-zing, 乾淨.
• Clear, tshing, 淸, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
• Clever, tshoong-ming, 聰明.
• Climb, to, bo, 爬, ban °zaung-chi°, 𨂝上去.
• Clock, a, ih tsak z°-ming-tsoong, 一只自鳴鐘.
• Cloth, a piece of —, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
• Clothe, to, tsak, 着.
• Clothes, i-zaung, 衣裳, pile of —, ih-dzaung° i-zaung, 一幢衣裳, to take off —, thoeh theh i-zaung, 脫脫衣裳.
• Coachman, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫.
• Coal, me, 煤, (hard) bak-me, 白煤, (soft) ien-me, 烟煤.
• Coffin, a, ih °kheu kwen-ze, 一口棺材.
• Cold, °lang, 冷.
• Collect, to, seu, 收, to — accounts, seu-tsang°, 收賬.
• College, a, su-yoen°, 書院.
• Colour, ngan-suh, 顏色, the five —s, °ng-suh, 五色, variegated —s, °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
• Come, to, le, 來, — back, °tsen-le, 轉來, — forth, tsheh-le, 走來, — down, °‘au-le, 下來, — in, tsing°-le, 進來, — up, °zaung-le, 上來.
• Comfort, to, oen-we°, 安慰.
• Comfortable, suh-i°, 適意.
• Command, to, fung-foo°, 吩咐.
• Commence, to, °chi-deu, 起頭, khe-koong, 開工, to — work, doong°-seu, 動手, khe-dzang, 開塲, — to journey, doong-sung, 動身.
• Compare, to, °pi, 比.
• Complete, to, dzung-koong, 成功.
• Compradore, a, ih kuh °ma-ban°, 一個買辦.
• Congratulate, to, — a person, koong-°hyi, 恭喜.
• Connect, to be —ed together, siang-lien, 相聯.
• Conquer, to, tuh-sung, 得勝.
• Consider, to, °tang-soen°, 打算.
• Consult, to, saung-liang, 商量, tsung-tsak, 斟酌.
• Convenient, bien°-taung°, 便當, bien°, 便, when —, bien°-z, 便時.
• Converse, to, bak-wo°, 白話, dan-dan, 談談.
• Cook (a chief), da°-°s-voo°, 大司務, (an ordinary) sau-van°-kuh, 燒飯個.
• Cook, to, sau, 燒, sau-van, 燒飯, —ed roughly, zok 熟.
• Cooking, a — stove (Chinese), ih tsak tsau°-deu, 一只竈頭 a — stove (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈.
• Coolie, a, tsheh-tien°, 出店, a ricksha —, tsho-foo, 車夫, a sedan —, ih kuh jau°-pan, 一個轎班, jau-foo, 轎夫.
• Cord, to bind with a —, °paung, 綁.
• Cotton, hwo, 花, (already ginned), mien-hwo, 棉花, a bale of —, ih pau mien-hwo, 一包棉花, — cloth, poo°, 布, — seeds, hwo-°ts, — stalk, hwo-ji, 花楷.
• Count, °soo, 數, soen°, 算.
• Cow, ih tsak nyeu, 一只牛.
• Crab apple, a, ih tsak hwo-‘oong, 一只花紅.
• Crawl, to, ban, 𨂝.
• Creek, a, ih diau pang, 一條浜, ih diau siau°-‘oo, 一條小河.
• Criticise, to, phi-bing, 批評, phi-thah, 批搨.
• Crow, a, ih tsak °lau-au, 一只老鴉.
• Crow, to (as a cock), di, 啼.
• Cry, to, khok, 哭.
• Cup, a, ih tsak pe-°ts, 一只杯子.
• Custom, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
• Cut, to, with a sharp knife, koeh, 割, to — with a sword, heavy knife or ax, tsan, 斬, to — in two, koeh-°doen, 割斷, to — open, tshih-khe, 切開, tshih-khe-le, 切開來.
• D
• Daily, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, me-nyih, 每日.
• Dark, en°, 喑, nearly —, thien en° khwa° tse, 天暗快哉.
• Daughter, ih kuh noen, 一個囡, ih kuh °siau-°nyui, 一個小女, tshien-kyung, 千金, ling°-e°, 令媛.
• Day, ih nyih, 一日, thien, 天, to-day, this —, kyung-tsau, 今朝, the first — of month, tshoo ih, 初一, every —, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, the 15th —, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, — and night, nyih-ya°, 日夜, all —, tsoong-nyih, 終日, half a —, pen°-nyih, 半日, — after to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日, — before yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i°-nyih-°ts, 伊日子, in the middle of the —, nyih-tsoong, 日中, — time, nyih-li, 日裏.
• Dead, °si-tse, 死哉.
• Deal, a great, too-bau°, 多化.
• Dear (costly), kyui°, 貴, — child, °pau-pe kuh °siau-noen°, 寶貝個小囝.
• Decide, to, lih-ding-°tsu-i°, 立定主意.
• Deep, sung, 深.
• Deer, ih tsak lok, 一隻鹿.
• Defeat, to, °tang-ba°, 打敗, to be —ed, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°, 打敗, °tang-ba°-tsang, 打敗仗.
• Deify, to, foong zung, 封神.
• Deliver, to — in person, dzeu°, 授.
• Depart, to — from, li-khe, 離開.
• Depend on, to, i-khau°, 依靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託.
• Deport, to — oneself, de°, 待.
• Depth, sung-°tshien, 深淺.
• Descend, to, °‘au-chi°, 下去, to — a hill, °‘au-san, 下山.
• Desert, to, li-khe, 離開.
• Desire, to, maung, 望, po-maung, 巴望, iau°, 要.
• Desk, an office —, ih tsak °sia-z°-de-°ts, 一只寫字檯子.
• Dialect, °thoo-bak, 土白, Shanghai —, °Zaung-°he °thoo-bak, 上海土白, mandarin —, kwen-wo, 官話.
• Dice, a set of, ih foo° °deu-°ts, 一付骰子, to gamble with —, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子.
• Die, to, °si, 死, °si-theh, 死脫.
• Difference, a, fung-pih, 分別, not much —, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
• Difficult, van-nan, 煩難, nan, 難.
• Diligent, to be —, yoong-sing, 用心.
• Dining, a — room, ih kan chuh-van°-kan, 一間吃飯間, a — table, ih tsak chuh-van°-de°-°ts, 一只吃飯檯子.
• Direct, to, ban°, 辦.
• Dirty, auh-tsauh, 齷齪.
• Dish, a, ih tsak dzang bung-°ts, 一只長盆子.
• Dismiss, to — school, faung° ‘auh, 放學.
• Distance, °yoen-°jung, 遠近.
• Distinct, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
• Distinguish, to, fung-pih, 分別.
• Divide, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開.
• Do, to —, tsoo°, 做, cannot — it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來, how — you —? noong°-°hau-la° va? 儂好拉否, — for, theh, 對.
• Doctor, ih we °laung-tsoong, 一位郞中, ih we i-sung, 一位醫生.
• Dog, ih tsak °keu, 一只狗.
• Dollar, a, ih kuh, 一個, or ih khwe° yang-dien, 一塊洋錢, half a —, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢, a box of —s, ih siang yang-dien, 一箱洋錢.
• Dominoes, a set of, ih foo° ba, 一付牌, to gamble with —, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
• Door, a, ih sen mung, 一扇門, shut the —, kwan mung, 關門, open the —, khe mung, 開門, lock the —, °soo mung, 鎖門.
• Doorway, a, ih kuh mung-°kheu, 一個門口, ih kuh mung-°kheu-deu, 一個門口頭.
• Down, °‘au, 下, put it —, faung°-la°, 放拉, °pa-la°, 擺拉, please sit —, tshing-°zoo, 請坐.
• Dragon, a, ih diau loong, 一條龍.
• Drawer, ih tsak tsheu-thi°, 一只抽屉.
• Drawers, a chest of —, ih tsak tsheu-teu, 一只抽斗.
• Dress, to, tsak, 着, to — in a showy manner, °tang-pan °, 打扮.
• Drive, to — away, °koen, 趕, koen-theh, 趕脫.
• Drum, a, ih mien° °koo, 一面鼓.
• Dry, koen, 乾.
• Duck, ih tsak ah, 一只鴨.
• Dull, dung°, 鈍.
• Dust, boong-dzung, 塳塵.
• Duty, ming-vung°, 名分.
• Dwell, to, dzu, 住.
• E
• Each, °me, 每.
• Ear, a, ih tsak °nyi-°too, 一只耳朵.
• Earlier, the — the better, yoeh °tsau yoeh °hau, 越早越好.
• Early, °tsau, 早, — in the morning, °tsau zung-deu, 早晨頭.
• Earn, to, dzan° 賺.
• Earth, the, di°, 地, di°-jeu, 地球, the whole —, phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下.
• East, the, toong, 東, — side, toong-pien, 東邊.
• Easy, yoong-yi°, 容易, — to read, °hau dok kuh, 好讀個.
• Eat, to, chuh, 吃, to — rice or meal, chuh van, 吃飯, unable to —, chuh-’veh-lauh, 吃勿落, good to —, °hau chuh kuh, 好吃個.
• Eating, a Chinese — bowl, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗.
• Ebb-tide, the°-dzau, 退潮.
• Economical, to be, °sang, 省, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
• Egg, an, ih kuh dan°, 一個蛋.
• Eight, pah, 八.
• Eighteen, zeh-pah, 十八.
• Eighty, pah-zeh, 八十.
• Either, ‘ok-tse, 或者, ‘ok-°z, 或是.
• Eleven, zeh-ih, 十一.
• Else, ling°-nga°, 另外, wan-°yeu, 還有.
• Embarrassing, to be placed in an — position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
• Emblem, an, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
• Enemy, to attack an —, koong-°tang, 攻打.
• England, Iung-kok, 英國.
• Enjoy, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
• Enough, °yeu-tse, 有哉, or keu°-z°, 够是.
• Ensign, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
• Enter, to, tsing°, 進.
• Entrust, to, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託, thauh, 託.
• Envelope, an, ih kuh sing°-khauh, 一個信殼, ih kuh sing°-foong, 一個信封.
• Equal, ih yang°, 一樣, not — to, ’veh-jih, 勿及, ’veh zu, 勿如.
• Erect, to — a fence, °tang-po, 打芭.
• Error, tsho, 差.
• Escort, to — a person to the way, soong°, 送.
• Evening, ya°-khwa°, 夜快, waung-hwung-deu, 黃昏頭, waung hwung-°doong, 黃昏同.
• Every, kauh, 各, °me, 每, — day, °me-nyih, 毎日, — place, khauh tshu°, 各處, khauh-tau° lauh tshu°, 各到落處.
• Examine, to — carefully, dzo, 查, dzo-°khau, 查考, to — a class, °khau-su, 考書.
• Exalt, to — to a high position, foong, 封.
• Exchange, to, wen°, 換, diau, 調.
• Excite, to, doong, 動.
• Exhort, to, °choen, 勸, °choen-mien, 勸勉,°choen-‘oo, 勸和.
• Except, to, maung°, 望, po-maung°, 巴望.
• Explain, to, °ka-suh, 解說, °khaung, 講.
• Expound, to, °khaung, 講.
• Extinguish, to, tsh-°iung, 吹隱.
• Extra, ling-nya°, 另外.
• Extravagant, to be, —, saung-fi, 傷費.
• Eye, an, ih tsak °ngan-tsing, 一只眼睛.
• F
• Face, ih kuh mien° khoong, 一個面孔, — (cheek), nyi-kwaung, 耳光.
• Fall, to, lauh, 落, tih, 跌, to — down, lauh-‘au°-le, 落下來, tih-‘au°-le, 跌下來, the tide is —ing, lauh-dzau, 落潮.
• False, °ka, 假.
• Fan, a, ih °po sen°-°ts, 一把扇子.
• Farmer, tsoong°-dien-nyung, 種田人.
• Fast, khwa°, 快.
• Fat, (a person being —), tsaung°, 壯.
• Father, ya, 爺, °lau-nyung-ka, 老人家, kya-°voo, 家父, tsung-da°-nyung, 尊大人, kya, 家, ling-°tsung, 令尊, tia-tia, 爹爹, ya-ya, 爺爺, pak-pak, 爸爸.
• Feel, to, mok, 摸.
• Female, (human), °nyui, 女, (animal), tsh, 雌.
• Fence, to erect a —, °tang-po, 打芭.
• Few, sau, 少.
• Fierce, hyoong, 兇.
• Fifteen, °so-°ng, 十五.
• Fifty, °ng-seh, 五十.
• Fight, to — with each other, siang-°tang, 相打, to — a battle, °tang-°tsang, 打仗.
• File, a, ih °po tshoo-tau, 一把銼刀.
• Find, to, zing, 尋, zing-dzak, 尋着, cannot —, zing-’veh-dzak, 尋勿着.
• Finger, a, ih tsak tshih-deu, 一只指頭.
• Finish, to, wen, 完.
• Fire, °hoo, 火, to light the —, sang-°hoo, 生火, on — (as a house), °hoo-dzak, 火着.
• Firm, lau, 牢.
• First, sien, 先, deu ih, 頭一, °di ih, 第一, the — month, tsung nyoeh, 正月, the — day of a month, tshoo-ih, 初一, the — part of a month, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, nyoeh deu laung, 月頭上, the — half of a month, day, or year, °zaung-pen°, 上半.
• Fish, a, ih diau ng, 一條魚.
• Five, °ng, 五.
• Flag, ih mien° ji, 一面旗.
• Flour, koen-mien°, 乾麵, mien°-°fung, 麵粉.
• Flower, hwo, 花, a —ing plant, ih khoo hwo, 一棵花.
• Flute, ih °kwen-dih, 一管笛.
• Fly, to, fi, 飛.
• Follow, to, kung, 跟.
• Food, van°, 飯, chuh-kuh meh-z°, 吃個物事.
• Fool, to — with one another, °tang-bang, 打棚.
• Foot, the, ih tsak kyak, 一只脚, a measure of 10 inches, ih tshak, 一尺, ten feet, ih °dzang, 一丈, a square —, ih faung tshak, 一方尺, 100 square feet, ih faung, 一方.
• For, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之, — (instead of), theh, 替, de°-thi°, 代替.
• Force, to take a thing by —, °tshiang, 搶, °tshiang-doeh, 搶奪.
• Foreigner, ih kuh °nga-kok nyung, 一個 外國人.
• Forfeit, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫.
• Forget, to, maung-kyi, 忘記.
• Forgive, to, nyau-°so, 饒赦, khwen-yoong, 寬容, nyoen-liang°, 原諒.
• Fork, ih °po tsho°, 一把叉.
• Forsake, to, li-khe, 雕開.
• Fort, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
• Forth, tsheh, 出, to come —, tsheh-le, 出來.
• Forty, s°-seh, 四十.
• Four, °s, 四.
• Fowl, ih tsak kyi, 一隻鷄, a pair of —s, ih te° kyi, 一對鶴.
• Fox, ih tsak ‘oo-li, 一隻孤狸.
• France, Fah-kok, 法國.
• Fresh (of meat or fish), sing-sien, 新鮮.
• Friend, ih kuh bang-°yeu, 一個朋友.
• Friday, °li-pa°-°ng, 禮拜五.
• From, dzoong, 從.
• Fuel, a bundle of —, ih khwung za, 一梱柴, ih khwung dau-za, 一梱稻柴.
• Furniture, classifier for articles of —, °kheu, 口.
• G
• Gain, to, —, dzan, 賺, to — a victory, °tang-yung, 打贏, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗.
• Gamble, to, too, 賭, to — with dice, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子, to — with dominoes, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
• Garden, hwo-yoen, 花園.
• Garment, ih jien° i-zaung, 一件衣裳.
• Gate, mung, 門.
• Gateway, mung-kheu, 門口.
• Gather, (as fruit, flowers), °tshe, 採.
• Generally, da°-liak, 大略.
• Germany, Tuh-kok, 德國.
• Gentleman, sien-sang, 先生.
• Gently, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, chung-chung-nung, 輕輕能.
• Get, to, tuh, 得, tuh-dzak, 得着, to — up, lok, 䟿 lok chi° le, 䟿起來.
• Give, to, peh, 撥, soong°, 送.
• Glad, kha°-weh, 快活, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
• Glass, poo-li, 玻璃, a —, ih tsak poo-li pe-°ts, 一只玻璃杯子, a wine —, ih tsak °tsieu pe, 一只酒杯.
• Go, to, chi°, 去, to — out, tsheh chi°, 出去, to — on shore, °zaung-ngoen°, 上岸, to — on board, °zaung-zen, 上船.
• Goat, ih tsak san-yang, —隻山羊.
• God, °Zang-ti, 上帝, Thien-°tsu, 天主, Zung, 神, a Taoist —, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
• Godown, a, ih zoo °dzan-vaung, 一座棧房.
• Gold, kyung-°ts, 金子.
• Gong, ih mien° kyung-loo, 一面金鑼.
• Good, °hau, 好, (moral), zen, 善.
• Good-by, an°-hyih-we°, 晏歇會, tse°-we°, 再會, chi°-tse, 去哉, man°-chi°, 慢去, kan-nyih-we°, 隔日會.
• Goose, a, ih tsak ngoo, 一只鵝.
• Grasp, to, nyah, 揑.
• Grass, a, °tshau, 草.
• Grate, a, ih kuh °hoo-khaung, 一個火炕.
• Grave, a, — mound, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
• Great, doo°, 大, a great many, too hau°, 多化, kyau-kwan, 交關.
• Green, lok, 綠.
• Guest, a, ih we° khak nyung, 一位客人, a — room, ih kan khak-daung kan, 一間客堂間.
• Grill, to, tsien, 煎.
• Gun, a, ih kwen yang-tshiang, 一管洋槍.
• H
• Hair, on the head, deu-fah, 頭髮.
• Half, a, ih pen°, 一半, — an hour, pen° °tien-tsoong, 半點鐘, — a dollar, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢.
• Hammer, a, ih kuh, 一個, or °po laung-deu, 把榔頭.
• Hand, the, ih tsak °seu, 一只手, the right —, yeu°-°seu, 右手, the left —, tsi°-°seu, 左手.
• Hand, to, dzeu°, 授.
• Handful, a, ih °po, 一把.
• Happiness, fok-chi°, 福氣.
• Happy, kha°-weh, 快活.
• Hard, ngang, 硬, (difficult), nan, 難.
• Hare, a, ih tsak thoo°-°ts, 一只兔子.
• Hat, ih °ting man-°ts, 一頂帽子.
• Have, °yeu, 有.
• Hawk, a, °ih tsak iung, 一只鷹, ih tsak °lau-iung, 一只老鷹.
• He, yi, 伊.
• Head, ih kuh deu, 一個頭, to wear on the —, ta°, 戴, to bow the — (as to kowtow), kheh-deu, 磕頭.
• Heal, to, i-°hau, 醫好, khoen°-°hau, 看好.
• Hear, thing, 聽, thing-kyien, 聽見, cannot —, thing-’veh-tsheh, 聽勿出.
• Heart, ih kuh sing, 一個心.
• Heaven, thien, 天.
• Heavy, °dzoong, 重.
• Height, kau-ti, 高低.
• Help, paung-dzoo°, 帮助, to — one another, siang-paung, 相幫.
• Hen, a, ih tsak ths kyi, 一只雌鷄.
• Her, yi, 伊.
• Here, leh-li, 垃裏, °ths-di°, 此地, di-deu, 第頭.
• Hereafter, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
• Hers, yi-kuh, 伊個.
• Hide, to — oneself, ben°-loong, 避攏, to — a thing, khaung°-°loong, 囥攏, khaung°, 囥.
• High, kau, 高.
• Hill, ih zoo° san, 一座山.
• Him, yi, 伊.
• Himself, yi z°-ka, 伊自家.
• Hinder, to, °tsoo, 阻, °tsoo-taung, 阻擋.
• His, yi-kuh, 伊個.
• Hit, to, °tang, 打.
• Hog, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
• Hoist, to, as a flag or a sail, °tsha, 扯.
• Hold, to, nyah, 揑, to — in the arms, °bau, 抱.
• Hole, doong, 洞.
• House, ok-°li, 屋裏.
• Honest, lau-zeh, 老實.
• Hope, a, maung-deu, 望頭.
• Hope, to, po-maung°, 巴望.
• Horse, a, ih phih °mo, 一匹馬, ih tsak °mo, 一只馬, a — boy, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫, to ride a —, ji-°mo, 騎馬.
• Hospital, i-yoen°, 醫院.
• Hot, nyih, 熱.
• Hour, ih °tien tsoong, 一點鐘, or ih kuh tsoong-deu, 一個鐘頭, half an —, pen° °tien tsoong, 半點鐘, quarter of an —, ih khuh, 一刻.
• House, ih zoo°, 一座, or ih zak vaung-°ts, 一宅房子, two storied —, ih zoo° leu, 一座樓, ih zoo° leu-vaung, 一座樓房, three storied —, san dzung leu, 三層樓.
• How? °na-nung, 那能? — many? °kyi-hau°, 幾化? °kyi kuh, 幾個? — much? °kyi hau°, 幾化? — much is it (price)? sa ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? — much more? ‘oo-°hwaung, 何况? nyi, 呢, (at end of clause) — are you? noong° °hau la° °va, 儂好拉否? — old are you? °kyi hau° nyien-kyi, 幾化年紀? °kyi soe°, 幾歲? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾何貴庚? kyi-hau° kau-zeu°, 幾化高壽.
• However, zen-r, 然而.
• Hundred, ih pak, 一百.
• Hunt, to, °tang-lih, 打獵.
• Husband, a — and wife, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
• I
• I, °ngoo, 我, — myself, °ngoo z°-ka, 我 自家.
• Idol, a Buddhist —, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a Taoist —, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
• If, zak, 若, zak-s°, 若是, zak-zen, 若然, °thaung-zen, 倘然, °thaung-s°, 倘使, meh, 末 (at end of the clause), — not so, ’veh zen meh, 勿然末, ’veh zeh-ke° meh, 勿實蓋末, — it be so, kyi-zen zeh-ke°, 既然實蓋, as —, °hau-°ziang, 好像.
• Ill, to become, sang-bing, 生病.
• Illness, mau-bing, 毛病.
• Immediately, zieu, 就.
• Immovable, °doong-°‘a-’veh-°doong, 動亦勿動.
• Implement, ka-sang, 傢生.
• Imprison, to be —ed, seu-kan, 收監.
• In, la°, 拉, or leh-la°, 垃拉, (before noun) °li, 裏, or °li-hyang, 裏向, (after noun), is he —? yi leh-la° va°? 伊垃拉否? come —, tsing°-le, 進來, go —, °tsing-chi°, 進去, — addition, ling°-nga, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 環, — order to, °i-°ts, 以至, — vain, bak-bak-°li, 白白裏.
• Inch, an, ih tshung, 一寸.
• Inconceivable, siang-’veh-tau, 想勿到.
• Indispensable, °ba-’veh-tuh, 罷勿得.
• Injure, ‘e°, 害, to be —ed, zeu-°‘e, 受害, to be —ed by striking, °tang-wa°, 打壊.
• Ink, a piece of, ih khwe° muh, 一塊墨, foreign —, muh-s, 墨水, a Chinese — tablet, ih kuh nyien°-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien°-de, 一個硯台.
• Inquire, to make —ies, °tang-thing, 打聽.
• Inside, °li-hyang°, 裏向.
• Instantaneous, lih-khuk, 立刻.
• Instead of, thi°, 替, °de-thi, 代替.
• Instruments, a set of, ih foo° ka-sang, 一副傢生.
• Intercourse, le-°waung, 來往.
• Invite, to, °tshing, 請.
• Iron, thih, 鐵.
• Iron, to, thaung, 烫.
• Is, °z, 是, there —, °yeu, 有, — there to be had? °yeu-tuh, 有得?
• It, yi, 伊, — is not necessary, ’veh pih, 勿必.
• Its, yi-kuh, 伊個.
• J
• Japanese, Toong-yang-nyung, 東洋人, zeh-°pung-nyung, 日本人.
• Jetty, a, °mo-deu, 碼頭.
• Journey, to start on, °doong-sung, 動身.
• Jump, to, thiau, 跳.
• Just now, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh too-°kyi-z, 勿多幾時, — on the point of doing a thing, thih-°tsung, 貼准, — before daylight, thien-liang°-khwa°, 天亮快.
• K
• Keep, to, seu, 守.
• Kerosene, °hoo-yeu, 火油.
• Kettle, s-‘oo, 水壺.
• Key, a, ih °po yak-dz, 一把鑰匙.
• Kill, to, sah, 殺, sah-theh, 殺脫, to — with a blow, °tang-sah, 打殺.
• Kitchen, a, ih kan sau-van°-kan, 一間燒飯間, dzu-vaung, 厨房, tsau°-kan, 灶間.
• Kneel, to, jui, 跪.
• Knife, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
• Knock, to, khau, 敲.
• Know, to, °hyau-tuh, 曉得, to — a person, nyung°-tuh, 認得, to — a Chinese character, suh, 識.
• Kowtow, to, kheh-deu, 磕頭.
• L
• Ladder, a, ih dzung voo-thi, 一層扶梯.
• Lamp, a, ih tsan-tung, 一盞燈.
• Large, doo°, 大.
• Late, °an, 晏.
• Laugh, to, siau°, 笑.
• Laughable, °hau-siau°, 好笑, very —, siau°-sah-tse, 笑殺哉.
• Lazy, °lan-phok, 懒怕, °lan-doo°, 懒惰.
• Lead, khan, 鉛.
• Lead, to, ling, 領.
• Leap, to, thiau, 跳.
• Learn, to, °‘auh, 學.
• Left, tsoo°, 左 (sometimes pronounced tsi°), — hand, tsi° °seu, 左手.
• Lend, to, tsia, 借.
• Length, dzaug-°toen, 長短.
• Less than, ’veh siau, 勿消, ’veh °men, 勿滿.
• Lest, °sang-ts, 省之.
• Letter, a, ih foong sing°, 一封信.
• Level, bing, 平.
• Life, ih diau sing°-ming°, 一條性命, all one’s —, ih-sang ih-s°, 一生一世.
• Light (not dark), liang, 亮.
• Light (in weight), chung, 輕.
• Light, to, (a lamp or candle), tien, 點, to — a fire, sang, 生.
• Like, °hau-°ziang 好像, °ziang, 像, yeu-z 猶似, tsho-’veh-too, 差不多.
• Like, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜, siang-sing°, 相信, as you —, dzoe noong, 隨儂, dzoe bien noong, 隨便儂.
• Lion, a, ih tsak s-°ts, 一只獅子.
• Little, °siau, 小, — (in quantity), °sau, 少, — (to a small extent), sau-we, 少爲, a —, ih ngan, 一顏, ih ngan-ngan, 一顏顏, differs but —, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
• Live, to, dzu°, 住, weh, 活 sung, 生.
• Loaf, a — of bread, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭.
• Lock, a, ih °po °soo, 一把鎖.
• Lock, to, °soo, 鎖.
• Long, dzang, 長, a — time, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
• Look, to, khoen°, 看, to — for, zing, 尋, take a —, khoen°-ih-khoen°, 看一看, to — around, tseu-we-khoen°, 周圍看, —s well, °hau khoen°, 好看, to — for (expect), maung°, 望, — after (to lake care of), tsau-koo, 照顧, taung-sing, 當心.
• Loose, °doong-°lau-°doong, 動佬動.
• Lord, °Tsu, 主, the heavenly —, Thien-°Tsu, 天主.
• Lose, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫, to — in business, zeh, 折, zeh-theh, 折脫, zeh-pung, 折本.
• Love, to, e°, 爱, to — mutually, siang-e°, 相愛.
• Low, ti, 底.
• M
• Magistrate, a, ih kuh, 一個, (or ih we°, 一位), kwen-°foo, 官府.
• Make, to, tsoo°, 做, to — a profit, dzan, 賺.
• Male, nen, 男, of animals, yoong, 雄.
• Man, ih kuh nyung, 一個人, a — or two, deu-liang-kuh-nyung, 頭兩個人.
• Manage, to, kyung-°seu, 經手, ban, 辦, °kwen, 管.
• Mandarin, a, ih kuh kwen, 一個官, ih kuh kwen-°foo, 一個官府, — dialect, kwen-wo°, 官話.
• Many, too-hau°, 多化, how —, °kyi-hau°, 幾化, a great —, kyau-kwan, 交關.
• Map, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
• Market, °z-mien°, 市面.
• Marks or signs, kyi°-’au°, 記號.
• Marry, to — a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a woman to —, tsheh-ka°, 出嫁.
• Mason, a, ih kuh nyi-°s-ziang, 一個泥水匠.
• Master, a, °tsu-nyung, 主人, toong-ka, 東家.
• Matches, z°-le hoo°, 自來火, strike a —, wak, 劃.
• May, °khau-i°, 可以.
• Me, °ngoo, 我.
• Meaning, i°-s°, 意思.
• Measure, to, liang, 量, °ien, 演.
• Meat, a piece —, ih khwe° nyok, 一塊肉.
• Medicine, yak, 藥.
• Meet, to, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to go to —, nyung-tsih, 迎接, to — a misfortune, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
• Men, nyung, 人.
• Mend, to, sieu, 修, °poo, 補, to — a path, tshi° ka, 砌街.
• Merchandise, hoo°-suh, 貨色.
• Method, fah-tsuh, 法則.
• Midday, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
• Middle, kyui-tsoong, 居中, — of a month, nyoeh-pen°, 月半.
• Midnight, pen°-ya° °po, 半夜把.
• Might, °khau-°i, 可以.
• Mile, a Chinese —, ih °li, 一里, ih °li-loo°, 一里路.
• Milk, nyeu-°na, 牛奶.
• Mind, to relax the —, san-sing, 散心.
• Mine, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
• Minute, a, ih fung, 一分.
• Mirror, a, ih mien° kyung°-°ts, 一面鏡子.
• Misery, °khoo-nau°, 苦惱.
• Misfortune, to meet with a —, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
• Mistake, ’veh-te°, 勿對, or tsho, 錯.
• Miss, a, ih kuh °siau-°tsia, 一個小姐.
• Mister, sien-sang, 先生.
• Mistress, Mrs., nyang-nyang, 娘娘.
• Moan, to, than°-chi°, 歎氣.
• Moist, sak, 濕.
• Monday, °li-pa°-ih, 禮拜一.
• Money, small, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
• Month, a, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, the 1st day of a —, tshoo ih, 初一, the beginning of a —, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, the middle of a —, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, the end of a —, nyoeh-ti, 月底, last —, zien-nyoeh, 前月, zien-kuh-nyoeh, 前個月, next —, °‘au nyoeh, 下月, °‘au kuh nyoeh, 下個月, every —, °me nyoeh, 每月, nyoeh-nyoeh, 月月.
• Moon, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, nyoeh-liang, 月亮.
• More, too, 多, too-°tien, 多點, how much —, °oo-hwaung, 何况, — than, ’veh-°ba, 勿罷.
• Moreover, °ping-°tshia, 並且, r-°tshia, 而且, hwaung-°tshia, 况且.
• Morning, °tsau-zung-deu, 早晨頭, °zaung-pen° nyih, 上半日.
• Mosquito, a, ih kuh mung-°ts, 一個蚊子.
• Most, °ting, 頂, tsoe, 最, juh, 極, da°-ke°, 大槪.
• Mostly, da°-ke°, 大槪.
• Mother, nyang, 娘, moo-tshing, 母親, my —, ka (kya)-°moo, 家母, your —, ling°-daung, 令堂.
• Mound, a grave —, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
• Mountain, a, ih zoo san, 一座山.
• Mouth, a, ih kuh °kheu, 一個口, ih tsang °ts, 一張嘴.
• Move, to, °doong, 動.
• Mow, a, ih °m, 一畝.
• Much, too, 多, too-hau°, 多化, how —? °kyi-hau, 幾化? how — is it (price)? sa° ka-°dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情?
• Muddy, wung, 混.
• My, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
• N
• Name, ming-z°, 名字, ming-deu, 名頭, your honorable —, kwe° sing°, 貴姓, tsung sing, 尊姓, my humble —, bi°-sing°, 敝姓, please give your — (style), °tshing kyau° the°-foo, 請敎台甫, my — is? tshau-z°, 草字, what is your —? ming-deu kyau°-sa°? 名頭叫啥?
• Narrate, to, kau°-soo, 告訴.
• Narrow, ‘ah, 狹.
• Native, a, ih kuh °pung-di°-nyung, 一個本地人.
• Near, °jung, 近, siang-°jung, 相近.
• Nearly, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, mau, 毛, — three miles, man san li, 毛三里.
• Near-sighted, °jung-°z-°ngan, 近視眼.
• Necessary, pih iau° yoong° kuh, 必要用個, — or important, iau°-°kyung-kuh, 要緊個.
• Necessity, iau°-°kyung, 要緊.
• Needle, tsung, 針, thread a —, tshen °yung sien°, 穿引線.
• Neighbor, ling-°so, 鄰舍.
• New, sing, 新, sing-fah, 新法.
• New Year’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一.
• News, sing°-sih, 信息, sing-vung, 新聞.
• Newspaper, ih tsang sing-vung-°ts, 一張新聞紙.
• Next, (juxtaposition), kah-pih, 隔壁.
• Night, ya°, 夜, at —, ya°-deu, 夜頭, ya°-°li, 夜裏.
• Nine, °kyeu, 九.
• Nineteen, zeh-°kyeu, 十九.
• Ninety, °kyeu-seh, 九十.
• No, ’veh, 勿, m-sa°, 無啥 (in answer to question), — one, m-sa°-nyung, 無啥人, — matter, ’veh nge°-sa°, 勿礙啥, — matter who, ’veh lung° sa° nyung, 勿論啥人, — matter what, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe bien° sa°, 隨便啥, ’veh kyui sa°, 勿拘啥.
• Noise, °hyang-sung, 響聲, sung iung, 聲音.
• Noon, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
• North, pok, 北, pok-pien, 北邊.
• North-east, toong-pok, 東北, — west, si-pok, 西北.
• Nose, a, ih kuh bih-deu, 一個鼻頭.
• Not, ’veh, 勿, — any, m-meh 無末, — yet, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still — yet, wan ’veh zung, 還勿曾, — only, ’veh dan°-°z, 勿但是 ’veh-dan°, 勿但, ’veh ba, 勿罷, — at all, ih ngan ’veh, 一顏勿, — inclined, ’veh-kau-hyung°, 勿高興, — very, ’veh da°, 勿大.
• Nourish, to, °yang, 養, sang-°yang, 生養.
• Now, yien°-°dze, 現在.
• Nun, a, ih kuh nyi-koo, 一個尼姑.
• Nurse, to, su-°tsang, 輸長.
• O
• Object, an, ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事.
• Obtain, tuh-dzak, 得着.
• Of, (sign of possession), kuh, 個, — course, z°-zen, 自然.
• Offend, to, tuh-dzoe°, 得罪.
• Office, an, ih kan sia°-z°-kan, 一間寫字間.
• Often, °hau-°kyi-we, 好幾囘.
• Oil, yeu, 油.
• Old (not new), °jeu, 舊, — (not young), °lau, 老, — (antique) °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
• Omnipotent, voo-°soo-peh-nung, 無所不能.
• Omnipresent, voo-°soo-peh-°dze, 無所不在.
• Omniscient, voo-°soo-peh-ts, 無所不知.
• On, la°, 拉, or leh-la, 垃拉, (with laung after noun), — the table, la° de-ts laung°, 拉檯子上, — account of, we°-ts, 爲之, — the contrary, °tau, 倒, — the other hand, °tau, 倒.
• Once, ih we, 一囘.
• One, ih, 一, no —, m-sa° nyung, 無啥人, — cent, ih fung, 一分, — time, ih we, 一囘, ih thaung, 一 [C3].
• Only, pih koo°, 不過, dok°-z, 獨是, tsuh-tuh, 只得.
• Open, to, khe, 開, to — school, khe ‘auh, 開學, to — (as a book), hyih-khe-le, 揭開來, to cut —, tshih khe, 切開, tshih khe le, 切開來.
• Oppose, to, °tsoo, 阻 °tsoo-taung, 阻擋, unable to —, dih-’veh-dzu, 敵勿住.
• Or, ok-tse, 或者.
• Orange, ih tsah kyoeh-°ts, 一只橘子.
• Originally, °pung-le, 本來.
• Other, bih, 別.
• Ought, iung-ke, 應該.
• Ounce, an, ih °liang, 一兩, an — of silver, ih °liang nyung-°ts, 一兩銀子.
• Our, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
• Ours, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
• Out, nga°, 外, tsheh, 出, nga°-deu, 外頭, to go —, tsheh-chi°, 出去, to come —, tsheh-le, 出來.
• Outside, nga-deu, 外頭.
• Over, °zaung, 上.
• Own, z°-ka-kuh, 自家個.
• P
• Package, a, ih bau, 一包.
• Pagoda, a, ih zoo° thah, 一座塔.
• Pain, thoong, 痛.
• Painter, a, ih kuh tshih ziang°, 一個漆匠.
• Painting, a, ih fok wo°, 一幅畫.
• Pair, ih saung, 一雙, ih te°, 一對, ih foo°, 一副.
• Pane, a — of glass, ih khwe poo-li, 一塊玻璃.
• Paper, °ts-deu, 紙頭, a sheet of —, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
• Pardon, nyau-°so, 饒赦.
• Part, a portion, ih vung, 一分, for the most —, da°-liak, 大略.
• Partition, pih, 壁, to build a —, tshi° pih, 砌壁.
• Pass, to — from the old year to the new, koo°, 過.
• Path, ih diau ka, 一條街, to mend a —, tshi° ka, 砌街.
• Pawn, to, taung°, 當, taung°-theh, 當脫.
• Pay, to, foo, 付, to — attention, yoong° sing, 用心, to — ceremonial visit, pa° khak, 拜客, to — respects to, pa° maung°, 拜望, maung 望, to — respects to a new year, pa° nyien, 拜年.
• Payment, to receive —, seu, 收, to receive — for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租.
• Peace, bing-oen, 平安.
• Peach, a, ih tsak dau-°ts, 一只桃子.
• Pear, a, ih tsak sang-li, 一只生梨.
• Pen, a, ih °kwen pih, 一管筆.
• Pencil, a, ih °kwen khan-pih, 一管鉛筆.
• People, pak-sing, 百姓.
• Perform, to, tsoo°, 做, to — a funeral ceremony, tsoo°-koong-tuh, 做功德, nyan°-kyung, 念經.
• Perhaps, khoong-pho°, 恐怕, °ok-tse°, 或者.
• Permit, to, °hyui, 許.
• Person, ih kuh nyung, 一個人.
• Phrase, a, ih kyui° seh wo°, 一句說話.
• Pheasant, a, ih tsak °ya-kyi, 一只野鷄.
• Picul, a, ih tan°, 一担.
• Piece, a, ih khwe°, 一塊, a whole — (dry goods), ih phih, 一疋, a ten cent —, ih kauh, 一角.
• Pig, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
• Pigeon, a, ih tsak keh-°ts, 一只鴿子.
• Pile, a heap, ih te, 一對.
• Piled, one on top of another, dzaung, 幢.
• Piles, tsaung, 樁, tsaung-mok, 樁木.
• Pity, e-lien, 哀憐, within the range of —, i° tuh-koo°, 意得過, beyond the range of —, i°-’veh-koo°, 意勿過.
• Place, di°-faung, 地方, dzang-hau°, 場化, han-deu, 壗頭, what —? sa° di°-faung, 啥地方?
• Place, to, °pa, 擺, faung°, 放, to be —d in an embarrassing position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
• Plane, a, ih tsak bau°, 一只刨.
• Plaster, to, fung, 粉.
• Plate, a, ih tsak bung-°ts, 一只盆子.
• Play, to, beh-siang, 孛相.
• Please, °tshing, 請.
• Point, tsien deu, 尖頭, at the — of, °kyi oo, 幾乎.
• Point, to, °tien, 點, °ts-°tien, 指點.
• Politeness, khak-chi°, 客氣.
• Poor, joong, 窮, joong-°khoo, 窮苦.
• Post office, sing-jok, 信局, su-sing°-°kwen, 書信館, yeu-tsung°-jok, 郵政局.
• Pot, a tea —, ih po dzo-‘oo, 一把茶壺.
• Powder, gun, °hoo-yak, 火藥.
• Power, authority, joen-ping, 權柄, —, might, lih-liang°, 力量, —, ability, nung-koen, 能幹, —, strength, chi°-lih, 氣力.
• Pray, to, jeu, 求.
• Prayer, °tau-kau°, 禱告.
• Preach, to, kaung-su, 講書.
• Precious, °pau-pe°, 寶貝.
• Prepare, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
• Present, to, soong°, 送.
• Pretty, tshui°, 趣, °hau-khoen°, 好看.
• Price, ka°-dien, 價錢 ‘aung-dzing, 行情, what is the —? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? to settle the —,°kaung-ding°, 講定.
• Priest, a Buddhist, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙, a Taoist —, ih kuh dau°-°z, 一個道士.
• Proclamation, ih tsang kau°-°z, 一張告示, to put forth a —, tsheh kau°-°z, 出告示.
• Profit, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處, to make a —, dzan, 賺, —s in business, dzan-deu, 賺頭.
• Promise, iung°-°hyui, 應許.
• Propriety, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
• Prosecute, to, — at law, °tang kwen-s, 打官司.
• Protect, °pau-‘oo°, 保護, °pau-yeu°, 保佑.
• Provide, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
• Pupil, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
• Purposely, °yeu-i°, 有意, koo-i°, 故意.
• Q
• Quantity, a small —, tien, 點.
• Quarrel, to, siang-mo, 相罵.
• Quarter, a — of an hour, ih khuh, 一刻.
• Queue, ih diau bien-°ts, 一條辮子.
• Quickly, ‘au-sau, 豪燥, khwa°-khwa°, 快快.
• Quiet, to sit —, °zoo-ding°, 坐定.
• Quilt, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭.
• R
• Railroad, a — carriage, ih boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
• Rain, °yui, 雨.
• Rain, to, lauh-°yui, 落雨.
• Rat, a, ih tsak °lau-°ts, 一只老鼠, °lau-dzoong, 老蟲.
• Raw, sang, 生.
• Read, to, dok, 讀.
• Receipt, seu-phiau°, 收票, seu-diau, 收條.
• Receive, to, zeu, 受, to — payment, seu, to — payment for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租, to — a guest, tsih-khak, 接客.
• Recently, °jung-le, 近來.
• Reckon, to, soen°, 算.
• Recognize, nyung°-tuh, 認得.
• Recreation, to take —, beh-siang, 孛相.
• Red, ‘oong, 紅.
• Regret, to, au-lau, 懊佬, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
• Reject, the°, 退, the°-theh, 退脫.
• Relative (family), tshing-kyoen°, 親眷.
• Relax, to — the mind, san°-sing, 散心.
• Rely, to — upon, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠托, thauh, 托.
• Remember, to, kyi°, 記, kyi°-tuh, 記得.
• Remove, to — a residence, pen, 搬, pen-dzang, 搬場.
• Rent, to, tsoo, 租, tsia°, 借.
• Repair, to, sieu, 修, sieu-tsauh, 修作.
• Repairs, sieu-°li, 修理.
• Repent, to, hwe°-°ke, 悔改.
• Reply, we-wo°, 回話, we-sing, 回信, we-deu, 回頭.
• Rest, to, hyih, 歇, hyih-sih, 歇息.
• Return, to, °tsen-le, 轉來, °tsen-chi°, 轉去, kyui-le, 歸來, kyui-chi°, 歸去.
• Revile, to, mo°, 罵, to — one another, siang-mo°, 相罵.
• Rice, hulled, °mi, 米, growing —, °dau, 稻, cooked —, van°, 飯, to buy —, dih °mi, 糴米.
• Rich, to become —, fah-dze, 發財.
• Ricksha, a, ih boo toong-yang-tsho, 一部東洋車, ih boo waung-pau-tsho, 一部黃包車, a — coolie, tsho foo, 車夫.
• Ride, ji, 騎, to — a horse, ji °mo, 騎馬, to — in a vehicle, °zoo-tsho-°ts, 坐車子, to — in a sedan chair, °zoo-jau°-°ts, 坐轎子.
• Right (direction), yeu°, 右, — hand, yeu° °seu, 右手, — side, yeu° pien, 右邊.
• Ripe, zok, 熟.
• Rise, to — up, lok-°chi-le, 䟿起果, to — as the tide, tsang°, 漲.
• River, a, ih diau kaung, 一條江.
• Road, a, ih diau loo°, 一條路.
• Robber, a, ih kuh °jang-°dau, 一個強盜.
• Roll, to, °kwung, 滾, °kwung-‘au°-chi°, 滾下去.
• Room, a, ih kan, 一間, guest —, khak-vaung-kan, 客房間, bed —, vaung-kan, 房間, shroff’s —, tsang°-vaung-kan, 帳房間, dining —, chuh-van°-kan, 吃飯間.
• Root, kung, 根.
• Rope, a, ih diau zung, 一條繩.
• Rough, mau, 毛.
• Round, yoen, 圆.
• Row, classifier of things, da°, 埭, a — of trees, ih da° zu, 一埭樹.
• Rumours, yau-yien, 謡言, to start a —, zau-yau-yien, 造謠言.
• Run, to —, bau, 跑, to — (as water), lieu, 流, to — about, bau-le-bau-chi, 跑來 跑去.
• Russia, Ngoo-kok, 俄國.
• Russian, ngoo-kok-nyung, 俄國人.
• S
• Safe, °‘wung-taung, 穩當.
• Sail, a, ih sen° boong, 一扇蓬.
• Sail, to, ‘ang zen, 行船, khe zen, 開船.
• Sake, for the — of, we°, 爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
• Salary, sok-sieu, 束修, sing-foong, 薪俸, sing-°soe, 薪水.
• Salt (noun) yien, 鹽, (adj.), ‘an, 鹹.
• Same, ih yang°, 一樣, siang-doong, 相同.
• Satin, doen°-°ts, 緞子.
• Saturday, °li-pa°-lok, 禮拜六.
• Saucer, a, ih tsak dzo bung-°ts, 一只茶盆子.
• Save, to, kyeu°, 救, to — life, kyeu°-ming°, 救命, to — time, °sang-koong-foo, 省功夫, to — money, °sang, 省, °sang doong-dien, 省銅錢, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
• Saw, a, ih °po ke°-°ts, 一把鋸子, ka°, 解, zih, 截.
• Say, to, wo°, 話, — to him, te° yi wo°, 對伊話, kau° soo° yi, 告訴伊, nothing to —, m-sa° wo°-deu, 無啥話頭.
• Scald, to, thaung°, 烫.
• Scales, balance, thien-bing, 天平.
• Scholar, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子, a learned man, dok-su-nyung, 讀書人.
• School, a, ih kuh ‘auh-daung, 一個學堂, to open —, khe-‘auh, 開學, to dismiss —, faung-‘auh, 放學.
• Scissors, a pair of, ih po tsien-tau, 一把剪子.
• Scorch, to, hyuin, 燻, tsiau, 焦.
• Screen, a, ih sen° bing-foong, 一扇屏風.
• Sea, °he, 海.
• Seal, to — a letter, foong, 封.
• Season, a, kyi°, 季, the four —s, s°-kyi°, 四季.
• Seat, a, zoo°-we°, 坐位, please take a —, °tshing °zoo, 請坐.
• Second, the, di° nyi°, 第二.
• Secretly, ‘en°-‘en-°li, 暗喑裏, theu-ben°-ts, 倫伴之.
• Secure, °‘wung-taung°, 穩當, bing-oen, 平安.
• Sedan, a — chair, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子, a coolie, jau°-pan, 轎班, jau°-foo, 轎夫.
• See, to, khoen, 看, khoen-kyien°, 看見.
• Seek, to, zing, 尋.
• Seize, to, tsauh, 捉, nau, 拿.
• Self, z°-ka, 自家.
• Sell, to, ma°, 賣, ma°-theh, 賣脫.
• Send, to, soong, 送, to — a person, tsha, 差, to — a letter, kyi°, 寄.
• Sentence, a, ih kyui° seh-wo°, 一句說話.
• Separate, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開, li-khe, 離開, fung-bih, 分別.
• Servant, a, ih kuh yoong°-nyung, 一個用人.
• Settle, to — the price, °kaung-ding°, 講定.
• Seven, tshih, 七.
• Seventy, tshih-seh, 七十.
• Sew, to, ling, 紉.
• Shall, iau°, 要, pih-iau°, 必要.
• Shallow, °tshien, 淺.
• Shameful, than-°tshoong, 攤寵.
• Shanghai, °Zaung-°he, 上海.
• Sharp, khwa°, 快.
• Sharpen, to, moo, 磨.
• She, yi, 伊.
• Sheep, yang, 羊.
• Sheet, a, ih diau °bi-tan, 一條被單, a — of paper, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
• Ship, zen, 船.
• Shirting, a piece of, ih phih yang-poo°, 一疋洋布.
• Shoes, a pair of, ih saung ‘a-°ts, 一雙鞋子.
• Shoot, to — with a gun, faung°, 放, to — birds, °tang tiau, 打窵.
• Shop, a, ih ban tien°, 一爿店, a tea —, ih ban dzo-kwen°, 一爿茶館.
• Shore, ngoen°, 岸, to go on —, °zaung ngoen, 上岸.
• Short, °toen, 短, a — time, ih hyih koong-foo, 一歇功夫.
• Should, khau-°i, 可以, iung-ke, 應該.
• Shroff, a, seu yang-dien kuh, 收洋鈿個, a —’s room, ih kan tsang°-vaung-kan, 一間帳房間.
• Shut, to, kwan, 關.
• Sick, °yeu bing°, 有病.
• Side, pien, 邊, pien-deu, 邊頭, baung-pien, 旁邊, right —, yeu° pien, 右邊, left —, tsi°-pien, 左邊.
• Sign, a, kyi°-‘au°, 記號, ‘au°, 號.
• Silk, s, 絲, dzeu, 綢.
• Silver, nyung-°ts, 銀子.
• Sin, °dzoe, 罪, °dzoe-nyih, 罪孽.
• Since, kyi-zen, 旣然, °i-°‘eu, 以後, — it is so, kyi-zeu zeh-ke°, 旣然實蓋, — then, di°-kuh °i-°‘eu, 第個以後.
• Single, tan, 單, dok, 獨.
• Sink, to, dzung-°‘au-chi°, 沉下去.
• Sister, older, ah-°tsi, 阿姊, younger —, °tsi-me°, 姊妹, me°-me°, 妹妹.
• Sit, to, °zoo, 坐, to — down, °zoo °zoo, 坐坐, to — quiet, °zoo-ding, 坐定.
• Six, lok, 六.
• Sixty, lok-seh, 六十.
• Size, doo°-°siau, 大小.
• Skin, bi, 皮.
• Sky, thien, 天.
• Slack, water, bing-°s, 平水.
• Slander, to, wo°-°liau, 話𣩢, hwe°-°paung, 毀謗, wo°-°wa, 話壊.
• Sleep, to, khwung°, 睏.
• Slippery, wah, 滑.
• Slow, man°, 慢, —ly, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, to walk —, man°-man°-nung-°tseu, 慢慢能走.
• Small, °siau, 小, very —, ih ngan-ngan doo°, 一顏顏大, a — quantity of, tien, 點, °yeu-°yien, 有限, — money, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
• Smash, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
• Smoke, ien, 烟, to — meat, hyuin, 燻, to — tobacco, chuh-ien, 吃烟.
• Smooth, kwaung, 光.
• Snake, ih diau-zo, 一條蛇.
• Snow, sih, 雪, lauh sih, 落雪.
• So, zeh-ke, 實蓋, — that, °i-ts°, 以至, about —, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
• Soap, bi-zau°, 皮皂.
• Socks, a pair of, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
• Soft, °nyoen, 軟.
• Soldier, a, ih kuh ping-ting, 一個兵丁.
• Some, °yeu kuh, 有個, °kyi-kuh, 幾個.
• Somebody, °yeu nyung, 有人.
• Somehow, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
• Sometimes, dzang-z, 常時, °yeu kuh z-°eu, 有個時候.
• Son, ih kuh nyi-°ts, 一個兒子, ih kuh ‘eu-°ts, 一個兒子, your —, ling°-laung, 令郞, my —, siau-noen, 小囝.
• Soochow, Soo-tseu, 蘇州.
• Soon, °tsau, 早, ’veh too ih-hyih, 勿多一歇.
• Sorrow, ieu-dzeu, 憂愁.
• Sort, ih yang, 一樣, ih le, 一類.
• Sound, sung-iung, 聲音.
• Soup, thaung, 湯.
• South, nen, 南, — east, toong-nen, 東南, — west, si-nen, 西南.
• Southern, nen-pien, 南邊.
• Sparrow, ih tsak moo-tshiak, 一只麻雀, ih tsak moo-tshiang, 一只麻將.
• Speak, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話.
• Spectacles, a pair of —, ih foo° °ngan-kyung°, 一副眼鏡.
• Split, to, phih, 劈.
• Spoil, to, wa°, 壞, wa°-theh, 壞脫.
• Spoon, ih °po tshau, 一把鈔.
• Spring, tshung, 春, tshung-kyi°, 春季.
• Square, faung, 方.
• Squirrel, ih tsak soong-su° (tshu), 一只松鼠.
• Stairs, voo-thi, 扶梯.
• Stamp (postage), nyung-deu, 人頭, or yeu-phiau, 郵票.
• Stand, to, lih, 立, — still, lih-ding°, 立定, — up, lih-chi-le, 立起來.
• Star, ih kuh sing, 一個星.
• Start, to commence, khe° °seu, 開手, to — on a journey, °doong-sung, 動身, to — a boat, khe° zen, 開船, to — a rumour, zau yau-yien, 造謠言, to — a fire, sang-°hoo, 生火.
• Stay, to, tung-la°, 等拉, dzu, 住, to — with a person, be, 陪.
• Steal, to, theu, 偷.
• Steam, a — boat, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一只火輪船.
• Step, a, ih boo°, 一步.
• Stick, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
• Still, yet, wan, 還, dzung-jeu°, 仍舊, — more, kung°-°ka, 更加, yoeh-°ka, 越加, — (not yet), wan-’veh-zun, 還勿曾.
• Sting, to, ting, 叮.
• Stitch, to, ling 紉, to take a —, ling-ih-tsung, 紉一針.
• Stockings, a pair of —, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
• Stone, a, ih khwe° zak-deu, 一塊石頭, a — mason, ih kuh zak-ziang°, 一個石匠.
• Stool, a, ih tsak ngeh-°ts, 一只杌子.
• Stop, to, ding, 停, — a minute, ding-ih-ding, 停一停.
• Story, classifier for stories of a house, dzung, 層.
• Stove, a, ih tsak °hoo-loo, 一只火爐, a cooking — (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈, a cooking — (Chinese), ih tsak tsau-deu, 一只竈頭.
• Street, ih diau ka, 一條街.
• Strike, to, °tang, 打, khau, 敲, to — against, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to — a match, wak, 劃, to injure by —ing, °tang-wa°, 打壞.
• String, to (as cash), tshen, 穿.
• Study, a, ih kan su-vaung, 一間書房, dok, 讀, dok su, 讀書.
• Such, zek-ke, 實蓋.
• Suddenly, hweh-zen, 忽然.
• Suffer, to, °zeu-°khoo, 受苦, °zeu-nan°, 受難, to — an injury, °zeu-‘e°, 受害, to — a defeat, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°-tsang°, 打敗仗, °tang-ba° 打敗.
• Sufficient, keu°-z°, 殼事, keu°-z°-tse, 殼事哉, °yeu-tse, 有哉.
• Sugar, daung, 糖.
• Summer, ‘au°, 夏, ‘au°-kyi, 夏季.
• Sun, nyih-deu, 日頭.
• Sunday, °li-pa°-nyih, 禮拜日.
• Supper, ya°-van°, 夜飯.
• Suppose, °khoong-pho, 恐怕.
• Suppose, to, or to think, tau-nyung-ts, 倒認之.
• Surprised, to be, hyi-ji, 希奇.
• Swallow, a, ih tsak ien°-°ts, 一只燕子.
• Sweet, dien, 甜.
• Sword, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
• T
• Table, a, ih tsak de-°ts, 一只檯子, a dining —, chuh-van° de-°ts, 吃飯檯子, a — boy, ih kuh si°-tse°, 一個西崽.
• Tablet, a Chinese ink —, ih kuh nyien-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien-de, 一個硯台.
• Tailor, ih kuh ze-voong, 一個裁縫.
• Take, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to — (by force), tshiang, 搶, tshiang-doeh, 搶奪, to — away, tan-chi, 担去, nau-chi, 拿去, to — off (remove), nau-theh, 拿脫, to — off (clothes), thoeh, 脫, thoeh-thoeh, 脫脫, to — off (hat), dzu, 除, to — hold of, nyah, 揑, to — with one, ta°-chi, 帶去, to — care, °taung-sing, 當心, °siau-sing, 小心, to — great care, too° °taung-sing, 多當心, to — a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子.
• Talk, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話, to — to, te° (yi) wo°, 對(伊)話.
• Tall, dzang, 長.
• Taoist, a — priest, dau°-°z, 道士, a — idol or god, ih tsung zung-dau, 一尊神道.
• Tea, dzo, 茶, a box of —, ih siang dzo-yih, 一箱茶葉, a — shop, ih ban dzo-kwen, 一爿茶館, ih po° dzo-°oo, 一把茶壺.
• Teach, to, kau°, 敎, a —er, ih kuh sien-sang, 一個先生.
• Tell, to, kau°-soo°, 告訴.
• Temperature, °lang-nyih, 冷熱.
• Temple, ih zoo° miau, 一座廟.
• Ten, zeh, 十, a — cent piece, ih kauh, 一角.
• Texture, tshoo-si°, 粗細.
• Than, °pi, 比, more —, ’veh °ba, 勿罷.
• Thank, to, zia, 謝.
• That, i-kuh, 伊個.
• Thee, noong°, 儂.
• Their, theirs, yi-la°-kuh, 伊拉個.
• Them, yi-la°, 伊拉.
• Then, nan-meh, 難末.
• There, leh-la, 垃拉, i-deu, 伊頭, i-khwe°, 伊塊, — is, yeu, 有.
• Therefore, °soo-i, 所以, keh-lau, 蓋佬.
• These, di-kuh, 第個.
• They, yi-la°, 伊拉.
• Thick, (not thin), °‘eu, 厚.
• Thickness, °‘eu-bok, 厚薄.
• Thief, ih kuh zuh, 一個賊.
• Thin, bok, 薄, — (in reference to person) seu, 瘦.
• Thine, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
• Thing (concrete), ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事, — (an affair), z°-°thi, 事體, —s of every sort, yaug°-yang°, 樣樣.
• Think, to, °siang, 想.
• Thirty, san-seh, 三十.
• This, di°-kuh, 第個.
• Those, i-kuh, 伊個.
• Thou, noong°, 儂.
• Though, soe-zen, 雖然.
• Thought, i°-s°, 意思.
• Thousand, ih tshien, 一千.
• Thread, a, sien, 線, to — a needle, tshen °yung-sien°, 穿引線.
• Three, san, 三.
• Through, koo, 過.
• Throw, to, tieu, 丢.
• Thursday, °li-pa°-s°, 禮拜四.
• Thus, zeh-ke°, 實蓋, zeh-ke°-nung, 實蓋能.
• Thy, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
• Tide, dzau, 潮, dzau-°s, 潮水, — flowing in, tsang°-°s, 漲水, — flowing out, lauh-°s, 落水.
• Tie, to, vok, 縛, to — (a small parcel), tsah, 糺, to — up, paung, 綁, to — firmly, vok lau, 縛牢, vok lau dzu°, 縛牢住.
• Tiger, ih tsak °lau-°hoo, 一只老虎.
• Timber, a pile of —, ih te mok-deu, 一堆木頭.
• Time, z-‘eu°, 時候, zung-kwaung, 晨光, koong-foo, 功夫, what —?, °kyi °tien-tsoong, 幾點鐘, a long —, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
• Tin, sih, 錫.
• Tired, sa-doo, 弛瘏.
• To, tau°, 到, say — him, te yi wo°, 對伊話, give (it) — me, peh ngoo, 撥我, — and fro, le-le chi°-chi°, 來來去去, — no purpose, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
• Tobacco, ien, 烟.
• To-day, kyung-tsau, 今朝.
• Toe, a, ih tsak kyak-tsih-deu, 一只脚指頭.
• Together, da ka, 大家, ih dau, 一淘, ih doong, 一同.
• To-morrow, ming-tsau, 明朝.
• Tongue, zeh-deu, 舌頭.
• To-night, kyung-ya°, 今夜.
• Too, thuh, 忒.
• Tools, a set of, ih foo ka°-sang, 一副傢生.
• Touch, to, mok, 摸.
• Towards, tau°, 到.
• Towel, ih diau °seu-kyung, 一條手巾.
• Town, dzung, 城.
• Travel, to, ‘ang, 行.
• Treat, °de, 待, to — rudely, de°-man°, 待慢.
• Tree, a, ih khoo zu°, 一棵樹.
• Tricky, diau°-bi, 調皮.
• Trousers, khoo°-°ts, 褲子.
• True, tsung, 眞,°lau-zeh, 老實.
• Truly, zeh-dze, 實在.
• Trunk, a, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子.
• Trust, to, khau°, 靠, thauh, 託, worthy to be —ed, khau°-tuh-dzu, 靠得住, unworthy to be —ed, khau°-’veh-dzu, 靠勿住.
• Try, to, s°-s°-khoen, 試試看.
• Tub, doong, 桶.
• Tubular, classifier for — things, kwen, 管.
• Tuesday, °li-pa°-nyi°, 禮拜二.
• Turn, to, tsen, 轉, zien-°tsen-le, 旋轉來, to — over, fan, 翻, fan °tsen-le, 翻轉來, to — around, zien, 旋, zien °tsen le, 旋轉來.
• Twelve, zeh-nyi°, 十二.
• Twenty, nyan°, 廿.
• Twice, °liang-we, 兩回, °liang-thaung, 兩 [C3].
• Two, nyi°, 二 °liang, 兩.
• U
• Ugly, pho°, 怕, pho°-le, 怕來.
• Umbrella, an, ih po° san°, 一把傘.
• Unable, ’veh nung-keu, 勿能殻.
• Under, ti-°‘au, 底下.
• Understand, to, °toong, 懂, ming-bak, 明白, °hyau-tuh, 曉得.
• Universal, °phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下, ‘eh-thien-°‘au, 合天下.
• Unmarried, an — woman, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
• Unripe, sang, 生.
• Unroll, to, than-khe-le, 攤開來.
• Unstable, °doong °lau °doong, 動佬動.
• Until, dzuh-tau°, 直到, °tung-tau°, 等到.
• Up, °zaung, 上.
• Upon, la° laung°, 拉上.
• Upset, °tang-fan, 打翻.
• Us, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
• Use, to, yoong°, 用.
• Useful, °yeu yoong°-deu, 有用頭.
• Useless, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
• V
• Vain, in —, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
• Value, (price), ka°-dien, 價錢.
• Variegated (colours), °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
• Vegetables, tshe°, 菜, — (served on table), °siau-tshe°, 小菜.
• Vegetation (general), hwo-°tshau-zu°-mok, 花草樹木.
• Venerable, °lau, 老.
• Very, ’man, 蠻, tsoe, 最, °ting, 頂.
• Victory, to gain a —, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗, °tang-yung, 打赢.
• Visit, to, maung°, 望, pa° maung°, 拜望, to return a —, we pa°, 回拜, wan pa°, 還拜, to pay ceremonial —, pa° khak, 拜客.
• Visitor, a, ih we khak-nyung, 一位客人.
• W
• Wages, koong-dien, 工錢.
• Wait, to, °tung, 等, — a minute, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-liyih, 歇一歇, °tung-ih-hyih, 等一歇.
• Walk, to, °tseu, 走, °tseu-loo°, 走路, to — slowly, man°-man°-ts-tseu°, 慢慢之走.
• Wall, ziang, 墻, build a —, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌墻.
• Want, to, iau°, 要.
• Warm, °noen-nyih, 暖熱.
• Wash, to, zing, 淨, to — the face, kha mien°, 揩面.
• Washbasin, or bowl, a, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
• Washerman, zing°-i-zaung-kuh, 淨衣裳 個, da°-i-zaung-kuh, 汏衣裳個.
• Washstand, ih tsak kha-mien° de-°ts, 一只揩而檯子.
• Waste, to, saung, 喪, fi, 費, fi-theh, 費脫.
• Watch, a, ih tsak piau, 一只錶.
• Water, °s, 水, a bucket of —, ih doong °s, 一桶水, boiling —, khe °s, 開水, hot —, nyih °s, 熱水, cold —, °lang °s, 冷水, a — buffalo, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一只水牛.
• Way, loo, 路.
• We, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
• Wear, to, tsak, 着, to — a hat, ta° mau-°ts, 戴帽子.
• Weasel, ih tsak waung-laung, 一只黃狼.
• Wednesday, °li-pa°-san, 禮拜三.
• Week, a, ih °li-pa°, 一禮拜.
• Weigh, to, tshung, 稱.
• Weight, chung-dzoong, 輕重.
• Welcome, to, (guest), nyung-tsih, 迎接.
• Well a, ih °kheu °tsing, 一口井, hau, 好.
• West, the, si, 西, si-pien, 西邊.
• Wet, sak, 濕.
• What, sa°, 啥, sa°-kuh, 啥個, na°-nung, 那能, — is the matter? sa°-z°-°thi, 啥事體? — is the price? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? — is your honorable name? tsung-sing° da°-ming, 尊姓大名? — is your honorable age? kwe°-kang too-°sau, 貴庚多少? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾化貴庚?
• Whatever, whatsoever, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe-bien° sa°, 随便啥,’veh kyui-sa°, 勿拘啥, — time you please, dzoe bien° kyi-z, 隨便幾時.
• Wheat, mak, 麥.
• Wheelbarrow, a, ih boo tsho-°ts, 一部車子, °siau-tsho, 小車.
• When, °kyi-z, 幾時, sa° z-‘eu°, 啥時候.
• Whence, ‘a-li, 那裏, sa°-di°-faung, 啥地方, sa° dzang-hau°, 啥場化, sa° °‘oo-daung°, 啥戶蕩.
• Which, °‘a-li, 那裏, °soo, 所.
• Whichever, dzoe-bien°, 隨便.
• White, bak, 白.
• Who, sa° nyung? 啥人, (relative), °soo, 所.
• Whole, the — of a thing, ih tshih, 一切.
• Whosoever, van-i°, 凡係.
• Why, we°-sa, 爲啥, we°-sa°-°lau, 爲啥佬.
• Wicked, auh, 惡.
• Wide, khweh, 闊.
• Wife, to marry a —, °thau-nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a husband and —, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
• Will, the, °tsu-°i, 主意, —, auxiliary, iau°, 要, tsiang-iau°, 將要.
• Willing, to be, °khung, 肯.
• Wind, foong, 風.
• Window, a, ih sen° tshaung, 一扇窗.
• Wine, °tsieu, 酒, a — shop, ih ban °tsieu-°tien, 一爿酒店.
• Winter, toong, 冬.
• Wipe, to, kha, 揩.
• Wise, tshoong-ming, 聴明.
• Wish, to, iau°, 要.
• With, tah, 搭, doong, 同, ih dau, 一淘.
• Wolf, ih tsak za-laung, 一只豺狼.
• Woman, °nyui-nyung, 女人, unmarried —, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
• Wonder, to, hyi-ji, 希奇.
• Wood, mok-deu, 木頭.
• Word, seh-wo°, 說話, wo°-deu, 話頭.
• Work, koong-foo, 功夫, sang-weh, 生活, to commence —, °doong-°seu, 動手, khe-kong, 開工, tsoo sang-weh, 做生活.
• Worship, to, pa°, 拜.
• Wound, to, °tang-saung, 打傷, to be —ed, °zeu-saung, 受傷.
• Write, to, °sia, 寫.
• Y
• Ye, na°, 㑚.
• Year, a, ih nyien, 一年, half a —, pen-nyien, 半年, this —, kyung-nyien, 今年, last —, °jeu nyien, 舊年, next —, khe-nyien, 開年, ming-nyien, 明年, le-nyien, 來年, New —, sing-nyien, 新年, New —’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一, every —, nyien-nyien, 年年, °’me-nyien, 每年, the end of the —, nyien-ya°, 年夜, nyien-°ti, 年底, at the beginning of the —, nyieu deu laung, 年頭上, to pass from the old — to the new, koo-nyien, 過年.
• Yellow, waung, 黃.
• Yes, °z-kuh, 是個.
• Yesterday, zau° nyih, 昨日, day before —, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
• Yet, dzung-jeu, 仍舊, not —, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still not —, wan ’veh zung 還勿曾.
• You, noong°, 儂, (pl.), na°, 㑚.
• Your, yours, noong-kuh, 儂個, (pl.), na°-kuh, 㑚個.