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Life and Matter: A Criticism of Professor Haeckel's "Riddle of the Universe" cover

Life and Matter: A Criticism of Professor Haeckel's "Riddle of the Universe"

Chapter 2: Preface
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About This Book

An empirically minded philosopher-scientist critiques contemporary scientific materialism, arguing that materialistic monism overlooks the conditions of human knowledge and cannot account for guidance, consciousness, or life. He examines concepts of substance and energy, critiques reductions of life to mere material transformations, surveys biological development and teleology, and considers mind–matter interaction, free will, and religious implications. Throughout he challenges assertions that life is simply a form of material energy, proposes analogies and hypotheses about life's origin and guiding powers, and urges a measured synthesis of scientific findings with philosophic reflection rather than wholesale scientific metaphysics.

Preface

This small volume is in form controversial, but in substance it has a more ambitious aim: it is intended to formulate, or perhaps rather to reformulate, a certain doctrine concerning the nature of man and the interaction between mind and matter. Incidentally it attempts to confute two errors which are rather prevalent:—

1. The notion that because material energy is constant in quantity, therefore its transformations and transferences—which admittedly constitute terrestrial activity—are not susceptible of guidance or directive control.

2. The idea that the specific guiding power which we call "life" is one of the forms of material energy, so that directly it relinquishes its connection with matter other equivalent forms of energy must arise to replace it.

The book is specially intended to act as an antidote to the speculative and destructive portions of Professor Haeckel's interesting and widely-read work, but in other respects it may be regarded less as a hostile attack than as a supplement—an extension of the more scientific portions of that work into higher and more fruitful regions of inquiry.

OLIVER LODGE.

University of Birmingham,
October 1905.