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London in the Time of the Tudors

Chapter 40: APPENDIX VII LONDON PLANTS
By Walter Besant
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History - BritishHistory - Early Modern (c. 1450-1750)

About This Book

A comprehensive survey of the city during the Tudor era, tracing political and religious change through sketches of successive sovereigns and accounts of the Dissolution, Reformation, and martyrdoms. The narrative reconstructs Elizabethan streets, institutions, and civic life using contemporary evidence and maps, and examines municipal government, trade, and notable literary and artistic figures. Detailed chapters describe everyday practices — manners, food, dress, apprenticeships, inns, theatres, soldiers, poverty, crime, and punishment — while appendices and illustrations supply documentary and topographical support to evoke the city’s social and cultural fabric.

APPENDIX VII
LONDON PLANTS

In the Archæologia may be found the following enumeration of plants grown in an Elizabethan garden:—

  • Adderstong—Ophioglossum.
  • Affodyll—Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus. Affodyll Daffadilly.
  • Appyl—Apple—Pyrus Malus; and garden varieties.
  • Asche tre—Ash—Fraxinus excelsior.
  • Auans—Geum urbanum, Avance or Avens.
  • Betony—Saachys Betonica.
  • Borage—Borrago officinalis.
  • Bryswort—Bruisewort, Brusewort or Brisewort—Bellis perenni.
  • Bugull—Bugle—Ajuga reptans.
  • Bygull—Bigold—Chrysanthemom segetum.
  • Calamynte—Calamintha officinalis. “The garden mynt.”
  • Camemyl—Chamomile—Anthemis nobilis. “Camamyll.”
  • Carsyndylls? “Cars or Carses—cress.”
  • Centory—Great Centuary.
  • Clarey—Clary—Salvia sclarea.
  • Comfery—Comfrey—Symphytum officinale.
  • Coryawnder—Coriander.
  • Cowslippe—Cowslip.
  • Dytawnder—Dittander and Dittany.
  • Egrimoyne—Egremoyne.
  • Elysauwder—Smyrnium Olusatrum.
  • Feldwort—Felwort and Fieldwort.
  • Floscampi? Campion?
  • Foxglove—Digitalis purpurea.
  • Fynel—Fennel.
  • Garleke—Garlick.
  • Gladyn—Iris foetidissima or Iris Pseudacorus.
  • Gromel—Gromwell.
  • Growdyswyly—Growndyswyly—Groundswyll.
  • Hasel tre—Hazel tree.
  • Haw thorn—Hawthorn.
  • Henbane—Hyoscyamus niger.
  • Herbe Ion.
  • Herbe Robert—Geranium Robertianum.
  • Herbe Water—Herb Walter.
  • Hertystonge—Hartystonge—Hart’s-tongue.
  • Holyhocke—Althaea rosea, or Malva sylvestris or Althaea officinalis.
  • Honysoke—Honeysuckle.
  • Horehound—Marrubium vulgare.
  • Horsel—Horselle—Horsehele.
  • Hyndesall?—Hind-heal.
  • Langbefe, generally supposed to be Helminthia echioides.
  • Lavyndull—Lavandula vera.
  • Leke—Leek.
  • Letows—Lettuce.
  • Lyly—Lily.
  • Lyverwort.
  • Merege. Cannot identify.
  • Moderwort—Motherwort.
  • Mouseer—Mouse ear.
  • Myntys—Mint.
  • Nepte—Nep or Neppe or Nept.
  • Oculus Christi—Salvia verbanaca.
  • Orage—Atriplex hortensis.
  • Orpy—Orpies.
  • Ownyns and Oynet.
  • Parrow? Cannot identify? mistake for Yarrow.
  • Pelyter—Pellitory.
  • Percely—Perselye —Parsley.
  • Pere—Pear.
  • Peruynke—Periwinkle.
  • Primrole—Primrose.
  • Polypody—Polypodium vulgare.
  • Pympernold—Pimpernel.
  • Radysche—Radish.
  • Redenay. Cannot identify.
  • Rewe—Rue.
  • Rose—Rosa, red and white.
  • Rybwort—Ribwort.
  • Saferowne—Saffron.
  • Sage—Salvia officinalis.
  • Sanycle—Sanicle.
  • Sauerey—Savory.
  • Scabyas—Scabious.
  • Seueny—Seniue. Common mustard or field senive.
  • Sowthrynwode—Southernwood.
  • Sperewort—Spearwort.
  • Spynage—Spinach.
  • Strowberys—Strawberries.
  • Stychewort—Stichewort.
  • Tansay—Tansy.
  • Totesayne—Tutsan—Hypericum Androsæmum.
  • Tuncarse—Town cress.
  • Tyme—Thyme.
  • Valeryan—a general name for Valeriana.
  • Verveyn—Vervain—Verbena officinalis.
  • Violet—Viola. Generally V. odorata.
  • Vynys and Vyne tre—Vine.
  • Walwort—Walwort or Danewort of Dwarf elder.
  • Warmot—Wormwood.
  • Waterlyly—Water lily.
  • Weybrede—Plantago major.
  • Woderofe—Woodruffe.
  • Wodesour—Woodsour.
  • Wurtys—Wortys.
  • Wyldtesyl—Teazel.
  • Ysope—Hyssop. “Ysopus is ysope.”
  • (Archæologia, vol. 1. p. 167.)