Magic Shadows: The Story of the Origin of Motion Pictures

Index

• A
• Acres, Birt, 152, 154, 176.
• After-images, 18, 45.
• Aguilon, François d’, 46, 47, 109, 166.
• Ailly, Pierre d’, 26.
• Alberti, Leone Battista, 30, 31, 38, 41, 65, 165.
• Albertus Magnus, St., 32, 164.
• Alhambra Theatre, 153.
• Alhazen, 13, 21–23, 26, 31, 161, 164.
• Alkindi, 164.
• Almeida, 172.
• American Mutoscope (& Biograph) Company, 141, 158.
• Amet, Edwin Hill, 176.
• Angiers, 172.
• Animatograph, 153.
• Anorthoscope, 94, 96.
• Anschütz, Ottomar, 126, 134, 139, 143, 146, 147, 154–156, 174, 176.
• Appleton, 176.
• Archer, Frederick Scott, 112, 116.
• Archimedes, 13, 18–22, 39, 63, 77, 103, 161, 163.
• Aristotle, 13, 17, 18, 21, 22, 32, 64, 161, 163.
• Armat, Thomas, 11, 154–160, 176.
• Arzonis, Pierro de, 40.
• Averroës, 164.
• Avias & Hoffman, 176.
• Avicenna, 164.
• B
• Babbage, Charles, 84, 169.
• Bacon, Roger, 23, 24–28, 32–34, 38, 45, 68, 161, 164.
• Banks, Joseph, 84.
• Barbaro, Daniello, 39, 41, 166.
• Barberini, Francesco Cardinal, 10, 51, 57.
• Baron, Auguste, 176.
• Baxter & Wray, 176.
• Bayard, Hippolyte, 170.
• Beale, Lionel Smith, 172, 173.
• Bedts, Rider de, 176.
• Benedetti, Giovanni Battista, 39–41, 166.
• Bets, 176.
• Bial, Albert, 11. See also Koster & Bial’s Music Hall.
• Bio-Phantoscope, 141.
• Biograph, 158.
• Bioscope:
• Demeny’s, 145;
• Duboscq’s, 109;
• Foucauld’s, 172;
• Paul’s, 176.
• Bjerknes, 124.
• “Black Art.” See Necromancy.
• Blair Company, 153.
• Bliss School of Electricity, 154.
• Boethius, 164.
• Bouly, Léon, 150.
• Bourbouze, 121, 172.
• Boyle, Robert, 167.
• Brahe, Tycho, 43.
• Brewster, David, 83, 169, 171.
• Briggs, Caspar W., 112, 114, 173.
• Brown, Arthur, 120.
• Brown, F., 176.
• Brown, O. B., 112, 113, 172.
• Brun, 176.
• Burning Glasses, 19–21, 63, 65, 103, 163.
• C
• Cagliostro, Alessandro conte di, 76.
• Calotype. See Talbot calotype process.
• Camera: See also Camera lucida and Camera obscura;
• “battery system” (Muybridge-Isaacs), 120, 122, 126, 127, 173;
• motion picture, 116, 117, 125, 126, 129, 133, 136, 141, 150–153, 155, 157, 158, 174, 175, 176;
• portable, 45, 46, 143, 145, 146, 152, 167, 168;
• with microscope, 145;
• with projector, 142, 143.
• Camera lucida, 30, 38, 39, 65, 167, 169. See also Camera.
• Camera obscura, 26, 29–31, 33–45, 53, 73, 107, 165, 166, 170. See also Camera.
• Carbutt, John, 133, 174.
• Cardano, Girolamo, 20, 34, 35, 165.
• Carpentier, Jules, 150, 176.
• Case, Theodore, 160.
• Casler, Herman, 157.
• Cave of Font-de-Faune. See Font-de-Faune, Cave of.
• Cercle de Gymnastique Rationnelle, 125.
• Cesariano, Cesare, 32–34, 165.
• Chales, Claude François Milliet de, 58, 62, 64–66, 68, 69, 167.
• Charles, Jacques Alexandre César, 168.
• Cheri-Rousseau, 176.
• Chevalier, Albert, 159.
• Chicago World’s Fair. See Expositions.
• Chinese Shadow Plays. See Shadow Plays.
• Choreutoscope, 173.
• Choreutoscope Tournant, 172.
• Chronophotographe, 143.
• Chronophotography, 116, 126, 174.
• Cinématographe, 150–151, 175.
• Cinematoscope, 154. See also Kinematoscope.
• Clarke, E. M., 170.
• Claudet, Antoine François Jean, 110, 111, 171.
• Clement & Gilmer, 176.
• Collegio Romano, 9, 10, 46, 51, 59, 60, 63.
• Color Perception, 88.
• Color Photography, 117, 143, 157.
• Color Printing, 117.
• Color Projection. See Projection.
• Continsouza, Pierre Victor, 176.
• Cook and Bonelli, 172.
• Cotton States Exposition. See Expositions.
• Croft, W. C., 139, 175.
• Crookes, 124.
• Cruikshank, George, 81.
• D
• Daguerre, Louis Jacques Mandé, 106, 109, 141, 170.
• Daguerreotype, 107, 108, 110.
• D’Aguilon, François. See Aguilon, François d’.
• D’Ailly, Pierre. See Ailly, Pierre d’.
• Danti, E., 39.
• Da Vinci, Leonardo. See Vinci, Leonardo da.
• Day, Wilfred, 144.
• Dealers, commercial, 69, 102, 137, 158.
• De Bedts, Rider. See Bedts, Rider de.
• De Chales, Claude François Milliet. See Chales, Claude François Milliet de.
• De Forest, Lee, 160.
• Della Porta, Giovanni Battista. See Porta, Giovanni Battista della.
• Demeny, Georges, 125, 133, 139, 145, 146, 150, 176.
• De Moland, Humbert. See Moland, Humbert de.
• Desvignes, Pierre Hubert, 171.
• De Valesius, George. See Valesius, George de.
• Diaphragm, 39.
• Dickson, Antonia, 137.
• Dickson, William Kennedy Laurie, 133, 134, 136, 137, 157, 158, 174.
• Disks: See also Phénakisticope;
• glass, 128;
• magic, see Plateau-Stampfer Magic Disks;
• mica, 114;
• Plateau-Stampfer, see Plateau-Stampfer Magic Disks;
• revolving, see Revolving Disks;
• zinc shutter, 128.
• Disney, Walt, 14, 153.
• Dom-Martin, 176.
• Donisthorpe, Wordsworth, 130, 131, 139, 140, 146, 148, 152, 173, 175.
• Drumont, 176.
• Dry-plate Photography. See Photography.
• Duboscq, Jules, 109, 110, 170, 171.
• Du Hauron, Louis Ducos, 117, 118, 172.
• Duhousset, Col., 116.
• Dumont, Thomas Hooman, 171.
• Duval, Mathias, 116, 125.
• E
• Eames, Owen A., 176.
• Eastman, George, 130, 134, 140, 150, 174, 175.
• Edison, Thomas Alva, 12, 61, 102, 126, 128–138, 141, 143, 145, 146, 148, 149, 154, 157–161, 173–175.
• Edgeworth, Maria, 81.
• Eidoloscope, 157.
• Electrical Tachyscope, 127, 134, 139, 154–156, 174.
• English Mirrors. See Mirrors.
• Euclid, 21, 163.
• Euler, Leonhard, 168.
• Evans, Mortimer, 139, 142, 148, 175.
• Expositions:
• Chicago World’s Fair, 127, 136, 154;
• Cotton States, 155;
• Paris—1889, 128, 134;
• Works of All Nations, 108–110.
• F
• Fantascope, 78, 93, 94, 96, 109, 170. See also Phantoscope and Phénakisticope.
• Faraday, Michael, 87, 91, 92, 94, 95, 109, 111, 170.
• Film: See also Eastman and Goodwin;
• celluloid, 133, 142, 144, 147, 150, 172, 174;
• on spools or reels, 133, 148;
• painted, 147, 153;
• paper, 126, 132, 140, 174;
• perforated or notched, 133, 134, 145, 150;
• plastic, 134, 142, 150, 153, 157, 174;
• unperforated, 145, 158.
• Fitton, William, 84, 169.
• Flammarion, C., 116.
• Fontaine, 129.
• Font-de-Faune, Cave of, 14.
• Forest, Lee de. See De Forest, Lee.
• Foucauld, Léon, 172.
• Franklin, Benjamin, 74, 168.
• Friese-Greene, William. See Greene, William Friese.
• G
• Galen, 164.
• Galileo, 45.
• Gammon. See Raff & Gammon.
• Gaumont, Léon, 146, 150.
• Gauthier, 176.
• Geber, 164.
• Geissler, Heinrich, 127.
• Geissler tube. See Projection Light Sources.
• Georgiades, George, 138, 151.
• Gilmore, W. E., 158.
• Giovio, Benedetto, 33.
• Glass Slides. See Slides.
• Glasses, Burning. See Burning Glasses.
• Goodwin, Hannibal Williston, 174, 175.
• Gossart, A., 176.
• Govi, 124.
• Gravesande, Willem Jakob van’s. See Van’s Gravesande, Willem Jakob.
• Greene, William Friese, 139, 142–144, 148, 175.
• Grey, 176.
• Grimoin-Sanson, Raoul, 176.
• Guinard, Pierre L., 168.
• Gutenberg, 165.
• Guyot, Jean Gilles, 71, 72, 75.
• H
• Hammond’s Teleview, 111.
• Harris, Augustus, 153.
• Harris, John, 167.
• Hauron, Louis Ducos du. See Du Hauron, Louis Ducos.
• Hauslab, Field Marshall von, 99, 102.
• Heliocinegraphe, 110.
• Heliostat, 167.
• Heliotypes, 169.
• Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von, 124.
• Herschel, John, 84, 169.
• Heyl, Henry Renno, 112–114, 121, 172.
• Holland, Andrew, M., 137.
• Holland Bros., 151.
• Hooke, Robert, 167.
• Hopkins, Alfred, 130.
• Hopwood, Cecil M., 176.
• Horner, William George, 109, 170.
• Howard, F., 176.
• Hoxie, Charles A., 160.
• Hughes, W. C., 176.
• Hunt, Robert, 108.
• Hunter, Rudolph Melville, 156.
• Hyalotype, 108, 171.
• Hyatt Company, 133, 153.
• Hyatt, John Wesley, 172.
• Hydrocarbon Lamp. See Projection Light Sources.
• I
• Illusion of Motion. See Motion, Illusion of.
• Illusions, Optical, 63, 73.
• Intermittent Movement. See Movement, Intermittent.
• Isaacs, John D., 118, 120, 173.
• J
• Jacob, Willem, 144.
• Janssen, Pierre Jules César, 116, 125, 173.
• Janssen, Zachary, 45.
• Japanese Mirrors. See Mirrors.
• “Jazz Singer, The,” 160.
• Jenkins, C. (Charles) Francis, 155, 156, 176.
• Jennings, W. N., 143.
• “J. M.”, 87, 169.
• Joly, Henri, 176.
• K
• Kaleidophone, 169.
• Kaleidoscope, 53, 83, 169.
• Kaster, Captain, 84.
• Keith’s Theatre, 151.
• Kepler, Johannes, 43–46, 166.
• Kesler, John Stephan, 60.
• Kinematoscope, 112, 114, 172. See also Cinematoscope.
• Kineograph, 172.
• Kineopticon, 154.
• Kinesigraph, 131, 139, 173.
• Kinetic Lantern, 154.
• Kinetograph, 130, 133, 135–138, 149, 175.
• Kinetophonograph, 137, 138.
• Kinetoscope, 130, 133, 137, 151, 155, 156, 158, 159, 175.
• Kinetoscope Exhibition Company, 156.
• Kinetoscope Parlor, 137.
• Kingston-on-Thames Museum, 128.
• Kircher, Athanasius, 9–12, 20, 46, 48–80, 85, 101, 102, 104, 161, 166, 171.
• KMCD Syndicate, 157.
• Koopman, E. B., 157.
• Koster & Bial’s Music Hall, 11, 158, 159, 176.
• Kunckelius, J., 68.
• L
• Laing, James, 172.
• Lambda Company, 157.
• Lamposcope, 124, 174.
• Langenheim Brothers, 106–112, 114, 161, 171, 173.
• Langenheim, Frederic, 106–108, 112, 171. See also Langenheim Brothers.
• Langenheim, William, 106, 107, 112, 171. See also Langenheim Brothers.
• Langenmantel, Jerome, 59, 67.
• Langley, Samuel P., 145.
• Langlois, 172.
• Lanterns. See Kinetic Lantern, Magic Lantern, Megalographica Lantern, and Thaumaturga Lantern.
• Latham, Grey, 156, 176.
• Latham, Otway, 156, 176.
• Latham, Woodville, 156–158, 176.
• Lauste, Eugène, 157.
• Lee, 172.
• Lenses, 39, 54, 63, 65–67, 69, 70, 75, 100, 101, 108, 112, 141, 144, 155, 166–167.
• Le Prince, Louis Aimé Augustin, 139, 141, 174.
• Levison, Wallace Goold, 143.
• Libri, Guillaume, 34.
• Liesegang, Paul E., 147.
• Linnett, 172.
• Lucretius, 96, 97, 163.
• Lumière, Auguste, 150, 175.
• Lumière Bros., 149, 150, 175.
• Lumière, Louis, 149, 150, 158, 175.
• M
• Maddox, R. L., 116.
• Madou, 92.
• Magascope, 168.
• Magic Disks. See Plateau-Stampfer Magic Disks.
• Magic Lantern: 9, 11, 48–69, 84, 98, 107, 108, 136, 147, 150, 166, 171, 173;
• Motion effects: See Chapters VIII and IX.
• Magnifying glass, 15, 163.
• Maguire & Baucus, 176.
• Maltese Cross Gear System, 153, 155, 172.
• Marey, Etienne Jules, 115, 116, 118, 119, 121–129, 133, 134, 137, 139, 143–145, 147, 148, 150, 151, 161, 173–175.
• Mariro, Bruono, 33.
• Marischelle, H., 146.
• Marvin, Henry Norton, 157.
• Mason, Joe, 141.
• Maurolico (Maurolycus), Francesco, 32, 33, 165.
• Maxwell, James Clerk, 173.
• Megalographica Lantern, 67.
• Meissonier, Jean Louis Ernest, 123, 128, 174.
• Melies, Georges, 176.
• Mendel, 176.
• Messager, 176.
• Microscope, 15, 25, 32, 67, 168, 172.
• Mirrors: 39, 40, 53, 104, 108, 164;
• English, 16, 17, 163;
• Japanese, 16, 163.
• Mohr, Nicholas, 63.
• Moigno, Abbé François Napoléon Marie, 96, 110, 170.
• Moissant, Charles, 150.
• Moland, Humbert de, 172.
• Molteni, A., 172.
• Molyneux, William, 62, 68, 69, 167.
• Mortier, 176.
• Motion Color Photography, 143.
• Motion, Illusion of, 14, 18, 21, 26, 45, 73, 89–97, 100–114.
• Motion Photography, 116–125, 128, 132, 143, 146, 147.
• Motion Projection: See Projection.
• Motorscope, 172.
• Movement, Intermittent, 113, 116, 150, 153, 155, 172, 173. See also Marey and Muybridge.
• Müller, Johann, 170.
• Muggeridge, Edward James: See Muybridge, Eadweard.
• Multiple Lenses: See Lenses.
• Musschenbroek, Pieter van, 70–74, 76, 77, 161, 168.
• Mutograph, 157, 158.
• Mutoscope, 157, 158.
• Muybridge, Eadweard, 118–128, 137, 142, 147, 161, 173, 174.
• N
• Natural Camera: See Camera Obscura.
• Necromancy, 9, 10, 28, 56, 75, 76, 114, 164. See also Phantasmagoria.
• Newman & Guardia, 176.
• Newnes, George, 140.
• Newsreel, first, 151.
• Niceron, Jean Pierre, 166.
• Nicholas of Cusa, 165.
• Niepce, Joseph Nicéphore, 169, 170.
• Noakes & Norman, 176.
• Nollet, Abbé, 71, 73, 74, 168.
• O
• Olympia Theatre, 153.
• Optical Illusions: See Illusions, Optical.
• Ott, Fred, 136, 137.
• Ottway, 176.
• P
• Pantograph, 46.
• Pantoptikon, 157.
• Panuce: See Papnutio, Benedettano Don.
• Papnutio, Benedettano Don, 33, 34, 165.
• Paris, John Ayrton, 80–84, 161, 169.
• Parnaland, Ambrose Francis, 176.
• Parkes, Alexander, 172.
• Pathé, Charles, 153.
• Paul, Robert William, 151–154, 158, 176.
• Peacock, Thomas Love, 81.
• Peckham, John, 33, 165.
• Peep-show machine, Edison’s, 96, 134, 138, 139, 149, 154, 155.
• Perret & Lacroix, 176.
• Persistence of vision, 18, 21, 22, 38, 80, 82, 83, 85–87, 94, 97, 163, 164, 169.
• Phantasmagoria, 75–79, 114, 152, 168. See also Necromancy.
• Phantoscope, 78, 155. See also Fantascope.
• Phasmatrope, 113, 114.
• Phénakisticope, 92–94, 96, 97, 109, 170. See also Fantascope.
• Phonetic Kaleidoscope, 169.
• Phonograph, 130–132, 140, 146, 154, 159, 173, 174.
• Photo-gun, 116, 122, 125, 145, 173.
• Photobioscope, 172.
• Photograph projection, 105–114, 121, 134, 142.
• Photographic Pellicle, 174.
• Photography:
• color, see Color Photography;
• dry plate, 116;
• motion, see Motion Photography;
• motion color, see Motion Color Photography;
• wet plate, 112, 120.
• Photophone, 146.
• Photoscope, 146.
• Physiological Park, Marey’s, 125.
• Pipon, 176.
• Plateau, Joseph Antoine Ferdinand, 85–97, 102, 104, 109, 115, 122, 130, 161, 170.
• Plateau-Stampfer Magic Disks, 93–96, 98–100, 108–110, 113, 116, 121, 123, 126, 128, 137, 142, 170, 171, 173.
• Pliny, 32, 163.
• Porta, Giovanni Battista della, 36–45, 47, 48, 148, 161, 166.
• Praxinoscope, 124, 147, 174.
• Prestwich, 176.
• Prince, Louis Aimé Augustin Le: See Le Prince, Louis Aimé Augustin.
• Projection:
• color, 66, 69, 96, 101, 153, 159;
• motion, 68, 70–75, 89, 92, 98, 102, 109, 112, 117, 121, 127, 128, 130, 136, 139, 140, 149, 152, 171–176;
• photograph, see Photograph Projection;
• slide, see Slide Projection;
• film, see Film;
• light sources, see Projection Light Sources;
• rear, 148;
• screen, 10, 11, 40, 92, 98, 104, 121, 123, 132, 134, 147, 148, 154–159, 176;
• three-dimensional, 65, 109–111.
• Projection Lenses: See Lenses.
• Projection Light Sources:
• candle, 54;
• electric arc, 144;
• gas lamp, 108, 169;
• Geissler tube, 127, 128, 147, 174;
• hydrocarbon lamp, 99;
• oxyhydrogen light, 101, 146, 171;
• sun, 55, 144, 167, 175;
• table lamp, 67, 73, 124.
• Projection of Motion: See Projection.
• Projectors: 15, 104, 129, 139, 149, 163–176;
• Acres, 154;
• Anschütz, 146, 147;
• Armat-Edison, 158–160;
• Armat-Jenkins, 155, 158;
• Chales, de, 65;
• Demeny, 146;
• Edison, 135–137; see also Vitascope;
• Gaumont, 146;
• Greene, 143;
• Greene-Rudge, 142, 175;
• Heyl, 113; see also Phasmatrope;
• Jenkins; see Armat-Jenkins;
• Kircher, 53–55, 59; see also Magic Lantern;
• Latham, 157;
• Le Prince, 141;
• Lumière, 150, 151;
• Marey, 144, 145;
• Muybridge, 128; see also Zoopraxiscope;
• Paul, 152, 153;
• Reynaud, 123, 147, 148; see also Praxinoscope;
• Rudge, 141, 142;
• Schott, 63;
• Uchatius, 100–102;
• Zahn, 67.
• Prokesch, W., 102.
• Proszynski, 176.
• Ptolemy, 21, 22, 26, 164.
• Q
• Quetelet, Lambert Adolphe Jacques, 86, 89, 92.
• Quinetoscope, 112, 171.
• R
• Raff & Gammon, 137, 158, 159.
• Radio City Music Hall, 66.
• Rear Projection: See Projection.
• Reinhold, Erasmus, 165.
• Reville, 172.
• Revolving disks, 59, 67, 70, 89, 92, 93, 96, 100, 116, 121.
• Reynaud, Emile, 79, 123, 139, 147, 173–175.
• Riley, 176.
• Ritchie, William, 169.
• Robert, Etienne Gaspard: See Robertson, Etienne Gaspard.
• Robertson, Etienne Gaspard, 77–79, 168.
• Roger, Peter Mark, 86, 87, 94, 95, 169.
• Roman College: See Collegio Romano.
• Rotating lenses: See Lenses.
• Rowe, 176.
• Rudge, John Arthur Roebuck, 139, 141–143, 148, 175.
• S
• Sallé & Mazo, 176.
• Salle au Grand-Café, 151.
• Sanson, Raoul Grimoin: See Grimoin-Sanson, Raoul.
• Scheele, Carl William, 168.
• Scheiner, Christopher, 45, 46, 166.
• Schemer, 67.
• Schott, Gaspar, 62–64, 66, 67, 69, 166.
• Schultze, Johann Heinrich, 167, 168.
• Screen Projection: See Projection.
• Seely, 172.
• Sellers, Coleman, 111, 112, 114, 172.
• Seneca, 163.
• Sequin, 171, 173.
• Seraphin, François, 76, 168.
• Shadow Plays, 13, 16, 76, 77, 148, 163, 168.
• Shaw, William Thomas, 171.
• Showmanship, 15, 16, 36–42, 58, 67, 68, 72, 73, 76–79, 123, 168.
• Shutters, 96, 111, 113, 116, 121, 124, 135.
• Silver, 163.
• Silver chloride, 168.
• Silver nitrate, 164, 168, 169.
• Sinsteden, Dr., 96, 97.
• Skladanowski, Max, 176.
• Slide Projection, 48–79, 85–114.
• Slides:
• painted, 68, 69, 100, 104, 110, 124;
• photographic: See Photograph projection.
• Snell, Ebenezer Strong, 106, 170.
• Snell, Willebrord, 166.
• Soleil, François, 110, 170.
• Sound Motion Pictures, 131, 132, 134–138, 159, 160.
• Sources of Light: See Projection Light Sources.
• Spaĉil, Karl, 104.
• Stampfer, Simon Ritter von, 85, 93–95, 170. See also Plateau-Stampfer magic disks.
• Stanford, Leland, 118–122.
• Stereofantascope, 109, 172.
• Stereopticon, 136.
• Stereoscope, 67, 109, 111, 170–172.
• Stereoscope Cosmorama Exhibit, 111.
• Stereostrope, 172.
• Stillman, J. D. B, 119, 120.
• Story, A. T., 143.
• Stroboscope, 88, 93, 94, 170.
• T
• Tachyscope: See Electrical Tachyscope.
• Talbot calotype process, 107.
• Talbot, William Henry Fox, 106, 107, 133, 142, 170.
• Talking Pictures: See Sound Motion Pictures.
• Tanera, A. D., 147.
• Telescope, 15, 25, 26, 41, 45, 53, 63, 65, 67.
• Teleview, Hammond’s: See Hammond’s Teleview.
• Television, 156.
• Thaumatrope, 80, 89, 94, 142, 157, 169, 172.
• Thaumaturga Lantern, 67.
• Théâtre Optique, 147, 157, 175.
• Théâtre Robert Houdin, 79.
• Theatrograph, 153.
• Thirion, Catherine, 85.
• Thompson, Silvanus, 153.
• Thuringopolonus: See Witelo.
• Tissandier, Gaston, 121, 124.
• Trajedis, George, 138, 151.
• U
• Uchatius bronze, 98, 103.
• Uchatius, Franz von, 68, 98–105, 108, 112, 117, 121, 142, 152, 161, 171, 172, 174.
• V
• Valesius, George de, 60.
• Van Musschenbroek, Pieter: See Musschenbroek, Pieter van.
• Van’s Gravesande, Willem Jakob, 167.
• Varley, John, 143.
• Vassel, Eugene, 122.
• Vinci, Leonardo da, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 38, 43, 44, 69, 161, 165.
• Vision, Persistence of: See Persistence of Vision.
• Vitascope, 11, 158–160.
• Von Hauslab, Field Marshall: See Hauslab, Field Marshall von.
• Von Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand: See Helmholtz, Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von.
• Von Stampfer, Simon Ritter: See Stampfer, Simon Ritter von.
• W
• Walgenstein, Thomas, 58, 66, 69, 150, 167.
• Warner, Albert, 160.
• Warner Bros., 160
• Warner, Harry, 160.
• Warner, Jack, 160.
• Warner, Sam, 160.
• Wattson, 176.
• Wedgwood, Tom, 168.
• Wells, H. G., 152.
• Werner, 138, 149, 176.
• Wet-plate photography: See Photography.
• Wheatstone, Charles, 109, 110, 169–171.
• Wheel of Life, 108, 116, 122, 129, 173. See also Plateau-Stampfer Magic Disks.
• Wheel phenomenon, 86, 87, 91, 92, 169.
• Whirling Top, 70, 74.
• Winter Garden Theatre, 160.
• Witelo (Thuringopolonus), 43, 164.
• Wolff, Phillip, 176.
• Wollaston, William Hyde, 84, 169.
• Wotton, Henry, 166.
• Y
• Yarwell, John, 69.
• Z
• Zahn, Johann, 62, 66–69, 101, 167.
• Zion, 176.
• Zoetrope, 113, 126, 137, 172.
• Zoopraxinographoscope, 124.
• Zoopraxiscope, 124, 174.
• Zoopraxographical Hall, 127.