Stone on kames in Maine, 80.
Straits of Dover, 360.
Straits of Gibraltar, 292.
Striæ, direction of, in New Hampshire, 69;
in Lake Erie, 104;
presence of, in Pennsylvania, 85, 119;
in Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri, 119;
in Stuttgart, 279.
Subglacial streams, 23, 29, 120.
Submerged channels on the coasts of America, 194-198.
Submergence theory, 60-63, 70.
Subsidence of the Isthmus of Panama, 113, 318;
in Mississippi Valley, 93, 113, 120, 121;
on east coast of North America, 255 et seq.;
about the Great Lakes, 224, 339;
in Great Britain, 167-181.
Susquehanna River, glacial drainage of, 93, 232, 257.
Svartisen Glacier, 13.
Svenonius, Dr., 12.
Sweden, 81.
Switzerland, existing glaciers of, 9-11;
ancient glaciers of, 131-136;
lake-dwellings in, 281.
Table Mountain, Cal., 294 et seq., 300.
Table of changes during the Glacial epochs, 324, 325.
Tagus, valley of the, 367, 371 et seq.
Tait, cited, 362.
Tardy, cited, 370.
Tasman Glacier, 16.
Teesdale, England, 155, 157.
Terminal moraines, formation of, 6;
in Pennsylvania, 61, 62, 85 et seq.;
on the southern coast of New England, 66 et seq.;
in Ohio, 106;
in Puget Sound, 122;
in Tyghee Pass, 122;
in Italy, 135.
Terminal moraines of the second Glacial epoch, 93, 100, 101, 106.
Terraces. (See Glacial Terraces.)
Tertiary animals, 286.
Tertiary man, 365-374.
Tertiary period, climate of, 113, 117, 182, 305, 307.
Teton Mountains, 123.
Texas, Pleistocene animals of, 288.
Thames, England, 138, 264, 285.
Thenay, France, supposed Tertiary man in, 367, 371;
view of flint-flakes collected at, 368.
Thompson, 50.
Thomson, cited, 362.
Till, description of, 53;
composition of, in Massachusetts, 81 et seq.;
section of, in Ohio, 108;
depth of, in Germany, Scandinavia, and Russia, 182.
Tinière River, 354.
Titusville, Pa., 232.
Todd, on forest beds and old soils,110 et seq.;
cited, 228.
Torquay, England, 267.
Trade-winds of the Atlantic, 314, 318.
Tremeirchon, Wales, 271.
Trenton, N. J., 87, 232, 242 et seq., 254, 257;
view of implement found at, 247.
Trenton gravel, section of the, 246.
Trent, valley of the, 163, 164.
Trimmer, quoted, 148.
Trimingham, England, 162.
Trogen, Switzerland, 60.
Trons, Switzerland, 60.
Tuolumne County, Cal., 294, 299.
Turin, 135.
Tuscarawas Valley, 220, 221, 232, 251;
buried channel in, 205.
Tylor, cited, 359 et seq.
Tyndall, 44-46, 49.
Tynemouth, England, 155, 157.
Tyrol, 134, 135, 211.
Tyrrell, cited, 109.
Ulm, 134.
Upham, on drumlins, 73;
on two ice-movements, 97;
cited, 222, 253 et seq., 301, 318, 320 et seq., 330, 348;
on the Columbia gravel, 261;
on date of the Glacial period, 344.
Ural Mountains, 15, 280.
Utah, 123;
lakes of, 233.
Utica, N. Y., 220.
Utrecht, moraine near, 181.
Valais, the, 133.
Vegetable remains in glacial deposits, 117, 125;
in Ohio, 107, 117;
in Indiana, 107;
in Minnesota, 107, 109;
in Iowa, 108;
in British America, 109.
Veins in glacial ice, 3.
Vermont, Runaway Pond in, 207.
Vernagt Glacier, 211.
Vessel Rock, view of, 56.
Vezère, valley of, 281.
Victoria Cave, England, 270, 280.
Virginia City, 349
Vivian, cited, 267.
Volga, the, 185.
Vosges Mountains, 136.
Wabash River, 220, 231, 232.
Wahsatch Mountains, 237.
Wales, ancient glaciers of, 143, 150 et seq.;
caverns of, 271.
Wallace, cited, 331, 343, 362.
Walrus, 262, 285.
Warren, Pa., buried channel near, 206.
Warren River, 226.
Washington, 1, 21, 122.
Washington, D. C., gravel deposit of, 254.
Water, transporting power of running, 5, 51-53.
Waveney, England, valley of the, 266.
Wealden formation, 361.
Weasel, 290.
Wells, England, 270.
Western Reserve Historical Society, 104.
Weston, W. Va., 216.
West Virginia, 214 et seq.;
glacial terrace in, 216.
Wey, valley of the, 265.
Whitby, England, 155.
White, cited, 215 et seq.
White River, Ind., 232, 251.
White Sea, 181.
Whitney, 14, 21, 295, 349, 373.
Whittlesey, 100.
Wild-boar, 290.
Wild-cat, 290.
Winchell, Alexander, cited, 321, 330.
Winchell, N. H., cited, 107, 210, 252;
on the Falls of St. Anthony, 341 et seq.
Wisconsin, 98, 99, 100, 101.
Woeikoff, cited, 316.
Wolf, 270, 290.
Wolverine, 289.
Wood, cited, 179.
Woodward, quoted, 160;
on age of Niagara, 337 et seq.
Wookey Hole, England, 270.
Wrangell, cited, 357.
Wright, 373.
Yankton, 120.
Yellowstone Park, 122.
Yorkshire, 140, 154, 155, 157, 176, 270, 283, 286.
Yosemite Park, 21, 350.
Young, Rev. Mr., 24.
Young, Professor, cited, 362.
Younglove, 104.
Zermatt Glacier, view of, 2.
Zuyder Zee, 181.
About This Book
The work surveys geological evidence of past glacial activity and examines its relationship to human presence and antiquity. It explains glacial deposits, terraces, and stratigraphic contexts, assesses artifact discoveries claimed to be Paleolithic, and considers dating and formation processes that affect interpretation. Through regional case studies and critique of competing readings of the field record, the author evaluates how glacial episodes shaped landscapes and influenced human dispersion and technology. The book combines descriptive geology with discussion of archaeological implications, aiming to clarify methods for distinguishing natural from human-made features and to place human remains and implements within a glacial chronology.