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Men and Measures

Chapter 191: INDEX
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About This Book

A wide-ranging historical survey explains how limb-based units such as the cubit, span, palm, and digit developed into formal systems of length, weight, and capacity. It examines Egyptian standards tied to meridian measurements and their adoption by Greek and Roman practice. The book traces how weights led to linear measures and follows the evolution of English yards, feet, miles, land-measures, commercial weights, and measures of capacity. It discusses mint-pounds, the relation of volume to mass and temperature, and regional variations across Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and several colonies, showing how practical standards adapted to local custom and scientific needs.

INDEX

  • Acre, 72, 74, 78, 87
  • Acreme, 81
  • Ale-gallon, 117
  • Apothecaries’ weight, 140
  • Arshīn, 215
  • As, 38, 94
  • Austria, W. & M., 208, 220
  • Averdepois, 93, 99
  • Bath, 239
  • Bereh, 27, 238
  • Bovate, 80, 89
  • Bread-weight, 128, 138
  • Burma and the Straits, W. & M., 173
  • Bushel, old and of U.S., 96;
    • Winchester, 119;
    • Imperial, 124
  • Canada and Mauritius, W. & M., 173
  • Carat, 35, 245; v. Qirát
  • Carucate, 82, 89
  • Cask-measures, 116
  • Cental, 45, 109
  • Chain, 64, 73
  • Chaldron, 120, 122
  • Channel Islands, W. & M., 157
  • Clove, 107, 110, 242
  • Coal-measure, 122
  • Corn-measure, 122
  • Cubit, natural, 1;
    • Egyptian common, or Olympic, 2, 14;
    • Egyptian royal, 18;
    • Great Assyrian or Persian, 23;
    • Beládi, 25;
    • Talmudic, 27, 238;
    • Black, Al-Mamūn’s, 28;
    • Hashími, 214
  • Customs of Lancaster, 88
  • Decimal system, 5, 182, 188
  • Denmark, W. & M., 221
  • Density, measures of, 198;
    • of water, 146
  • Digit, 1, 4
  • Dirhem, 45, 222
  • Drachm, 105, 135
  • Drachma, 41, 43, 221
  • Dram, 103
  • Duodecimal system, 5
  • Egypt, modern, W. & M., 67, 213, 220, 235
  • Ell, 62, 202
  • England, linear measures, 58;
    • land-measures, 65;
    • wine-measures, 114;
    • corn-measures, 118;
    • commercial weights, 93;
    • mint-weights, 127, 250;
    • money, 174
  • Epha, 239
  • Fathom, Olympic, 6, 15
  • Firkin, 116
  • Foot, origin of, 4;
    • Olympic, 4;
    • Egyptian royal, 12;
    • Assyrian, 25;
    • Beládi, 26;
    • Burgos, 26, 211;
    • Black, 29;
    • Roman, 18;
    • English, 49, 60;
    • Rhineland, 52;
    • Hanseatic, 207;
    • Amsterdam, 207;
    • French, 259;
    • French reduced, 159, 261
  • Fother, 111, 252
  • Fotmal, 112
  • France, W. & M., Southern, 253;
  • Furlong, 63, 81
  • Gallon, Wine, 114;
  • Germany, W. & M., 206, 219, 225, 228
  • Gill, 125
  • Grain, 103, 245, 249
  • Greece, ancient, W. & M., 17, 68;
    • Coin-weights, 43
  • Guernsey, W. & M., 157;
    • Currency, 183
  • Hand, 61
  • Heat, measures of, 197
  • Hebrew, W. & M., 237
  • Hide, 81
  • Holland, W. & M., 207, 218, 228
  • Homer of corn, 90, 230
  • Hundredweight, 94, 105
  • Imperial bushel, 123;
  • Inch, 4, 18, 59, 244
  • India, W. & M., 167;
  • Ireland, acre and mile, 74;
  • Italy, W. & M., 208, 223, 237
  • Kilderkin, 116
  • Knot, 16
  • Land-measures, Egyptian, 67;
    • Greek, 67;
    • Roman, 68;
    • English, 71
  • Last, 105, 143
  • Lead-weight, 111
  • League, 64
  • Leaguer, leggar, 167, 231
  • Libra, 40, 94
  • Load, 107
  • Marc, 127, 130
  • Medicinal weights, 104;
    • measures, 126
  • Medimnos, 34
  • Metretes, 37
  • Metric system, 271;
    • working of, 284;
    • reform of, 306
  • Mile, meridian, 15;
    • equatorial, 16;
    • Roman, 17;
    • English, 63;
    • of time, 193
  • Miná, 33
  • Mithkal, 94, 221
  • Modius, 40
  • Nail, 58, 111, 242
  • Norway, W. & M., 132, 206, 209
  • Octonary system, 5, 124
  • Ounce, Roman, 38, 40;
  • Oxgang, 66
  • Palm, 4, 19, 61, 209
  • Pán, 53
  • Parasang, 16
  • Penny, 95; pennyweight, 128
  • Pint, wine, 115;
  • Ploughland, 82
  • Portugal, measures, 212, 234
  • Pound, Roman, 38, 94;
  • Pound sterling, 174
  • Qasáb, 25, 215
  • Qirát, 221
  • Quadrantal, 39, 50
  • Quarter, 96, 105, 120, 145
  • Rod, 62, 77, 84
  • Roman W. & M., 38, 68
  • Rood, 71, 78
  • Rotl, 45, 223
  • Rūba, Arroba, 224, 248
  • Scotland, W. & M., 147;
    • acre and mile, 74
  • Scruple, 40, 105, 135
  • Seed-measures of land, 90
  • Sexdecimal system, 5
  • Shaftment, 61
  • Shekel, 31, 33
  • South Africa, W. & M., 166
  • Spain, W. & M., 210, 225, 233
  • Sterling, 95
  • Stone, 94, 105, 110
  • Sweden W. & M., 206, 220
  • Tables—
    • Olympic measures of length, 17
    • The five ancient cubits, 30
    • Roman weights and measures of capacity, 41
    • British miles and acres, 74
    • Provençal corn and land-measures, 92
    • English measures of capacity, 125
    • Standard of various Troy weights, 132
    • Concordance of capacity, weight and measurement, 144
    • Volume and weight of water, 146
    • Marseilles and Jersey measures of capacity, 162
    • Specific gravity scales of spirits, 200
    • European itinerary measures, 217
    • Ounces and dirhems, 224
    • Original weight of dirhems, 226
    • Old French measures, 267
    • Conversion of Metric and Imperial W. & M., 309
  • Talent, Alexandrian, 33;
    • Ptolemaïc, 35;
    • Greek-Asiatic, 36;
    • Olympic, 42;
    • Arabic, 44
  • Thermometer-scales, 197
  • Time, measures of, 189
  • Toise, 260
  • Ton, 96, 105;
  • Tower-weight, 95, 127
  • Troy-weight, 129
  • Tun, 116, 252
  • Tunis, W. & M., 214, 221, 233
  • Turkey, W. & M., 213, 222, 235
  • Velte, 115, 230, 265
  • Verge, 78, 83, 160
  • Vergée, 78, 160
  • Virgate, 76, 80, 89
  • Wales, measures, 156
  • Wey, 94, 105
  • Winchester bushel, 119
  • Wine-gallon, 114
  • Wool-weight, 109
  • Yard, 58, 83
  • Yardland, 66, 80
Spottiswoode & Co. Ltd., Printers, Colchester, London and Eton.

     
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