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Migration of Birds (1979)

Chapter 49: Transcriber Note
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About This Book

The work offers a comprehensive, accessible review of avian migration, outlining its history and the biological and environmental factors that drive seasonal movements. It surveys observational and technological methods used to study migration, including banding, radio and radar tracking, laboratory experiments, and physiological research, and examines orientation and navigation mechanisms. Timing, speed, altitude, and patterns such as flyways, loops, and leap-frogging are described, along with segregation by age, sex, and species. The text discusses weather, topography, hazards, routes across regions, and theories on the origin and evolution of migratory behavior, concluding with an extensive bibliography.

LIST OF BIRD SPECIES MENTIONED IN TEXT

NOTE: For all North American species the authors have followed nomenclature in the 1957 edition of the A.O.U. Check-list. Also, we have incorporated the new names presented in the April 1973 issue of The Auk (volume 90, number 2, pages 411-419), the quarterly journal of the A.O.U. For other parts of the world we have used the most authoritative sources available.

COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME
Albatross, Black-footed Diomedea nigripes
Albatross, Laysan Diomedea immutabilis
Blackbird, Brewer's Euphagus cyanocephalus
Blackbird, Red-winged Agelaius phoeniceus
Blackbird, Rusty Euphagus carolinus
Blackbird, Yellow-headed Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus
Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla
Bluebird, Eastern Sialia sialis
Bluethroat Luscinia svecica
Bobolink Dolichonyx oryzivorus
Bobwhite Colinus virginianus
Brant (Atlantic) Branta bernicla hrota
Brant, Black Branta bernicla nigricans
Bunting, Black-headed Emberiza melanocephala
Bunting, Cretzchmar's Emberiza caesia
Bunting, Indigo Passerina cyanea
Bunting, Ortolan Emberiza hortulana
Bunting, Snow Plectrophenax nivalis
Canvasback Aythya valisineria
Cardinal Cardinalis
Chat, Yellow-breasted Icteria virens
Chuck-will's-widow Caprimulgus carolinensis
Coot (American) Fulica americana
Crane, Sandhill Grus canadensis
Creeper, Brown Certhia familiaris
Crossbill, Red Loxia curvirostra
Crow (Common) Corvus brachyrhynchos
Cuckoo, Black-billed Coccyzus erythropthalmus
Cuckoo, Yellow-billed Coccyzus americanus
Curlew, Bristle-thighed Numenius tahitiensis
Dove, Mourning Zenaida macroura
Dove, Turtle Streptopelia turtur
Duck, Black Anas rubripes
Duck, Wood Aix sponsa
Eagle, Bald Haliaeetus leucocephalus
Egret, Great Casmerodius albus
Egret, Snowy Egretta thula
Eider, Common Somateria mollissima
Eider, King Somateria spectabilis
Falcon, Peregrine Falco peregrinus
Finch, Purple Carpodacus purpureus
Flicker, Common Colaptes auratus
Flycatcher, Hammond's Empidonax hammondii
Flycatcher, Least Empidonax minimus
Flycatcher, Western Empidonax difficilis
Frigatebird, Magnificent Fregata magnificens
Godwit, Black-tailed Limosa limosa
Godwit, Hudsonian Limosa haemastica
Goose, Bar-headed Anser indicus
Goose, Canada Branta canadensis
Goose, Emperor Philacte canagica
Goose, Ross' Chen rossii
Goose, Snow [Blue] Chen caerulescens
Goose, White-fronted Anser albifrons
Goshawk Accipter gentilis
Grackle, Common Quiscalus quiscula
Grosbeak, Black-headed Pheucticus melanocephalus
Grosbeak, Evening Hesperiphona vespertina
Grosbeak, Pine Pinicola enucleator
Grosbeak, Rose-breasted Pheucticus ludovicianus
Grouse, Blue Dendragapus obscurus
Gull, California Larus califomicus
Gull, Herring Larus argentatus
Gull, Ross' Rhodostethia rosea
Hawk, Broad-winged Buteo platypterus
Hawk, Cooper's Accipter cooperii
Hawk, Red-shouldered Buteo lineatus
Hawk, Red-tailed Buteo jamaicensis
Hawk, Rough-legged Buteo lagopus
Hawk, Sharp-shinned Accipter striatus
Hawk, Sparrow (European) Accipter nisus
Hawk, Swainson's Buteo swainsoni
Heron, Black-crowned Night Nycticorax nycticorax
Heron, Little Blue Florida caerulea
Hummingbird, Ruby-throated Archilochus colubris
Jay, Blue Cyanocitta cristata
Junco, Dark-eyed Junco hyemalis
Kingfisher, Belted Megaceryle alcyon
Kinglet, Golden-crowned Regulus satrapa
Kittiwake, Red-legged Rissa brevirostris
Knot, Red Calidris canutus
Lapwing Vanellus vanellus
Lark, Horned Eremophila alpestris
Longspur, Lapland Calcarius lapponicus
Loon, Arctic Gavia arctica
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos
Martin, Purple Progne subis
Nighthawk, Common Chordeiles minor
Nuthatch, Red-breasted Sitta canadensis
Oriole, Black-headed (Indian) Oriolus xanthornus
Oriole, Black-naped Oriolus chinensis
Ovenbird Seiurus aurocapillus
Owl, Great-horned Bubo virginianus
Owl, Snowy Nyctea scandiaca
Pelican, White Pelecanus erythrorhynchos
Penguin, Adelie Pygoscelis adeliae
Petrel, Wilson's Storm Oceanites oceanicus
Pewee, Western Wood Contopus sordidulus
Phalarope, Northern Libipes lobatus
Pigeon (Rock Dove) Columba livia
Pintail Anas acuta
Plover, Golden Pluvialis dominica
Quail, Mountain Oreortyx pictus
Redhead Aythya americana
Redstart, American Setophaga ruticilla
Robin, American Turdus migratorius
Rook Corvus frugilegus
Sanderling Calidris alba
Sandpiper, Baird's Calidris bairdii
Sandpiper, Purple Calidris maritima
Sandpiper, White-rumped Calidris fuscicollis
Sapsucker, Williamson's Sphyrapicus thyroideus
Serin Serinus serinus
Shearwater, Manx Puffinus puffinus
Shearwater, Short-tailed Puffinus tenuirostris
Shearwater, Sooty Puffinus griseus
Shrike, Loggerhead Lanius ludovicianus
Shrike, Red-backed Lanius collurio
Snipe, Common Capella gallinago
Sora (Rail) Porzana Carolina
Sparrow, Andean (Rufous-collared) Zonotrichia capensis
Sparrow, Chipping Spizella passerina
Sparrow, Field Spizella pusilla
Sparrow, Fox Passerella iliaca
Sparrow, Harris' Zonotrichia querula
Sparrow, Ipswich Passerculus sandwichensis princeps
Sparrow, Savannah Passerculus sandwichensis
Sparrow, Song Melospiza melodia
Sparrow, Swamp Melospiza georgiana
Sparrow, Tree Spizella arborea
Sparrow, Vesper Pooecetes gramineus
Sparrow, White-throated Zonotrichia albicollis
Swallow, Bank Riparia riparia
Swallow, Barn Hirundo rustica
Swallow, Cliff Petrochelidon pyrrhonota
Swan, Whistling Olor columbianus
Swift, Chimney Chaetura pelagica
Swift, Common Apus apus
Tanager, Scarlet Piranga olivacea
Tanager, Western Piranga ludoviciana
Tattler, Wandering Heteroscelus incanum
Teal, Blue-winged Anas discors
Tern, Arctic Sterna paradisaea
Tern, Noddy Anoüs stolidus
Tern, Sooty Sterna fuscata
Thrush, Gray-cheeked Catharus minimus
Thrush, Hermit Catharus guttatus
Thrush, Swainson's Catharus ustulatus
Thrush, Wood Hylocichla mustelina
Turnstone, Ruddy Arenaria interpres
Veery Catharus fuscescens
Vireo, Red-eyed Vireo olivaceus
Vulture, Turkey Cathartes aura
Wagtail, Yellow Motacilla flava
Warbler, Arctic Phylloscopus borealis
Warbler, Blackpoll Dendroica striatá
Warbler, Black-and-white Mniotilta varia
Warbler, Black-throated Blue Dendroica caerulescens
Warbler, Cape May Dendroica tigrina
Warbler, Connecticut Oporomis agilis
Warbler, Golden-winged Vermivora chrysoptera
Warbler, Kentucky Oporomis formosus
Warbler, Palm Dendroica palmarum
Warbler, Pine Dendroica pinus
Warbler, Subalpine Sylvia cantillans
Warbler, Willow Phylloscopus trochilus
Warbler, Worm-eating Helmitheros vermivorus
Warbler, Yellow Dendroica petechia
Warbler, Yellow-rumped Dendroica coronata
Waxwing, Bohemian Bombycilla garrulus
Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe
Wigeon, American Anas americana
Woodcock, American Philohela minor
Wren, Carolina Thryothorus ludovicianus
Wren, Long-billed Marsh Telmatodytes palustris
Wren, Rock Salpinctes obsoletus
Wren, Winter Troglodytes troglodytes
Yellowlegs, Greater Tringa melanoleuca
Yellowlegs, Lesser Tringa flavipes
Yellowthroat, Common Geothlypis trichas

Created in 1849, the Department of the Interior—America's Department of Natural Resources—is concerned with the management, conservation, and development of the Nation's water, fish, wildlife, mineral, forest, and park and recreational resources. It also has major responsibilities for Indian and Territorial affairs.

As the Nation's principal conservation agency, the Department works to assure that nonrenewable resources are developed and used wisely, that park and recreational resources are conserved for the future, and that renewable resources make their full contribution to the progress, prosperity, and security of the United States—now and in the future.

★ U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE: 1979 O—274-535


Transcriber Note

Illustrations moved to prevent splitting paragraphs. Minor typos corrected. Hyphenation was standardized to the most prevalent used except those in the Bibliography which were left as printed. Some repeated Author Names in the Bibliography were retained as printed.