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Moving Pictures: How They Are Made and Worked

Chapter 3: LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
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About This Book

The book surveys the development and mechanics of motion photography, tracing early experiments and the search for suitable film stock. It explains how celluloid film is manufactured, perforated, developed, printed, and projected, and describes camera and studio design. Chapters detail staging and production of picture plays, topical and scenic filming, and the organization of picture theatres. A substantial section examines trick cinematography and special effects methods, including stop-substitution, double exposures, miniatures, and electric-spark techniques. The author also explores scientific and educational applications, color processes, emerging sound technology, home exhibition, and the industry's commercial expansion.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

To face page
Trick Cinematography—The Automobile Accident Frontispiece
Dr. E. J. Marey’s Famous Experiments—Photographic Gun of 1882 16
Consecutive Pictures of a Gull Flying, taken with the Photographic Gun 16
Chronophotographic Apparatus for taking Consecutive Pictures upon a Single Glass Plate 16
Dr. Marey’s Animated Pictures made in 1884–6 for the Analysis of Motion 17
Edison’s First Kinetoscope 32
Edison Film made about 1891 for the Kinetoscope 33
Edison Film made in 1911 for the Cinematograph 33
Paul’s Camera showing Mechanism for moving the Film intermittently past the Lens 36
The First Kinetoscope Film made in England 36
The “Black Maria,” the First Edison Studio for making Kinetoscope Films 37
The Dissolving Room 52
The Mixing Barrel 53
A Battery of Celluloid Mixers 54
The Liquid Celluloid Storage Room 55
Paul’s Rotary Perforator 60
The First Cinematograph Studio-Stage 60
The Williamson Film Perforator 61
The Perforating Room of the Cines Company in Rome 66
The Film-moving Mechanism of a Cinematograph Camera 67
Paul’s Complete Developing, Printing, and Drying Outfit 70
The First Developing Room in Great Britain, at Robert Paul’s Pioneer Film Factory 70
After Development and Washing the Films were transferred from the Racks to the Cylinders 71
The Drying Room, showing Films wound on the Drying Drums 71
The Developing Room at the Pathé Works 78
The Drying Room at the Pathé Works 79
A Row of Printing Machines in the Rome Works of the Cines Company 82
The Williamson Printing Machine 83
The Projector and Mechanism 100
The Complete Projecting Installation 100
The “Chrono” Projector 101
Outstripping the Human Eye 101
An Early Open-Air Studio-Stage for producing Cinematograph Plays 104
The Scene-Painters’ Shop at a Pathé Studio 105
Battle Scene from “The Siege of Calais” 108
Exterior of the Modern Edison Film-Play-Producing Theatre 109
Building a Solid Set for “The Two Orphans” 109
Building a Scene on one of the Pathé Studio-Stages for a Film Play 112
The Wardrobe Room at the Selig Film Factory 113
The Selig Stock Company at Los Angeles 113
The First Topical Film 118
The Fall from the Balloon 119
The Luxury of the Modern Picture Palace 134
The Lantern Room of a Modern Cinematograph Theatre 135
The Trial Scene from “Rachel’s Sin” 140
How the Sound Accompaniments to Pictures are Produced 141
The Film-Play Producer at Work 148
Taking Three Picture-Plays Simultaneously 149
The Fight for the Boats in “Atlantis” 152
“Sauve qui peut” at the Wreck of the Liner 152
The Sinking of the Liner “Roland” 153
Sorting, Examining, and Joining the Strips of Film 156
Preparing the Titles 157
Dr. Comandon’s Apparatus for taking Moving Pictures of Microbes 164
The Phenomenon of Agglutination in a Fowl’s Blood 165
The Blood of a Fowl suffering from Spirochæta Gallinarum 165
A Triumph of the Cinematographer’s Art 172
The Gigantic Horse being Hauled by the Greeks under the Walls of Troy 173
“The Fall of Troy” 173
The “Battle of Waterloo” upon the Film 176
Building the Scenery for the Film Performance of “Hamlet” 177
The Ghost Scene from “Hamlet” 177
Nature and the Cinematographer—Mr. Percy Smith at Work 192
Fly Seated in a Diminutive Chair Balancing a Cork 193
An Unfamiliar Juggler—Bluebottle Balancing a Piece of Vegetable Stalk 193
Fly Lying on its Back Spinning a Wheel 194
Juggling Flies 194
The Fly Walking Up the Turning Wheel 194
The Life of the Butterfly 195
The Magic Sword: A Mediæval Mystery Explained 200
A Christmas Carol: How Scrooge saw Bob Cratchit’s Home 201
“Ora Pro Nobis,” and How it was Produced 202
The Secret of the Haunted Curiosity Shop 203
Motoring Round the Ring of Saturn 204
The Car Circling the Sun 204
The Animated Swords 205
The Travelling Bed 208
The Magnetic Gentleman 209
The Pursuing Man-hole Cover is a Wooden Property 210
The Lamp-Post is a Stage Article Hinged in the Centre 210
The Trick Picture—The Automobile Accident: The Actor being replaced by the Legless Cripple with the Dummy Legs 211
The Taxi-cab Running over the Sleeper and Apparently Cutting off his Legs, but in Reality Displacing the Legless Cripple’s Property Limbs 212
Observing the Effects of the Disaster, the Doctor Proceeds to Replace the Severed Legs 213
The Limbs Replaced, the Patient and Doctor Shake Hands 213
The Roysterer, after being run over by the Taxi-cab, Sitting up and Brandishing his Severed Limbs 214
The Legless Cripple being Prepared for the Act 214
The Fountain of Youth 215
Pumpkins Running Up-hill 215
The Revolving Table 220
The Secret of the Fairy’s Disappearance: While a Length of Film is being exposed the Diaphragm is closed slowly 221
The same Length of Film is re-exposed after the Fairy has entered the Picture, under a slowly opening Diaphragm 222
The Effect of Double Exposure under closing and opening Diaphragm 223
The Mystery of “The Siren” 226
The Mystery of “The Siren” revealed 227
A Workshop in which Tools move without Hands 238
The Skater approaching the Factory Chimney 238
The Result of the Collision with the Chimney 239
The Ski-runner Disappears into Space 239
Princess Nicotine—A Dainty Trick Film 246
The Fairy, Buried in the Heart of the Rose, Smoking a Cigarette 247
The Diminutive Form of the Fairy on the Table 247
The Fairy Imprisoned in the Bottle. This effect is obtained by double exposure 250
The Fairy, after Coquetting with the Bachelor, is driven away by the Smoke from his Cigarette 250
The Fairy proceeds to Build a Bonfire with Matches 251
The Fairy, her Accomplice, and Properties, which are Enlarged Reproductions of the Actual Articles 251
The Dissolution of the Government 258
The Latest Craze in Trick Cinematography: Silhouettes with Models 259
A Quaint Advertisement Film 260
Mr. Asquith in Cartoon 260
A Novel Curtain Idea 260
The Human Butterfly: How are the Effects Obtained? 261
M. Lucien Bull’s Complete Apparatus 270
The Novel Camera showing Stereoscopic Lens 270
A Bee Cinematographed in Full Flight 271
A Dragon Fly in Flight 274
Cinematograph Film of a Bullet Fired through a Soap Bubble 275
Preparing the Pathé Colour Films 288
The Pathé Colour Machine-Printing Room 289
The Kinora Camera 302
The Mechanism of the Kinora Camera showing Paper Negative Film in position 302
The Reel of Positive Prints 303
The Kinora Reproduction Instrument 303
The Bettini Glass Plate Cinematograph 308
A Section of a Bettini Glass Plate Record 308
The Birth of a Flower 309
Waging a Health Campaign by Moving Pictures 309
Cinematographing Africa from a Locomotive 314
Mount Etna in Eruption: Looking into the Crater of the Volcano 315
The Plumes of Smoke as seen from the Observatory 315
The “Cradle of Cinematography”: The Marey Institute in Paris 322
The latest marvel in Moving Pictures: Combining the X-rays with the Cinematograph 322
After Fifty Years. This Film won the First Prize of 25,000 Francs at the recent Turin Exhibition 323