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Musical Instruments [1908]

Chapter 26: INDEX
By Carl Engel
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About This Book

This work provides a concise historical overview of musical instruments from ancient times to the present, highlighting significant developments and variations across cultures. It discusses prehistoric relics, including a notable musical artifact discovered in France, and examines the evolution of instruments through various historical periods. The text is supplemented with illustrations that aim to clarify the information presented, making it accessible to readers interested in the history of music and its instruments.

INDEX

  • Abyssinian instruments, 20.
  • Acocotl, 67.
  • Adair, quoted, 81.
  • Adufe, 25.
  • Æolian harp, 4.
  • African instruments in America, 82.
  • Ajacaxtli, 72.
  • Al-Farabi, lutist, 55-57.
  • American Indian instruments, 58 seq.
  • American Indians, metrical psalms of, 81.
  • American Indians, musical performances of, 75.
  • American Indians, North, musical talent of, 81.
  • Anglo-Saxon instruments, 84, 86, 90, 94.
  • Arab instruments, 3, 36, 48, 53 seq., 108.
  • Arabs in Spain, 36, 56.
  • Archlute, 101, 105.
  • Ashantee, trumpet from, 2.
  • Ash-shakandi, 55.
  • Asor, 20.
  • Assyrian instruments, 16 seq.
  • Aulos, 31.
  • Aztecs, instruments of the, 58, 59.
  • Bach, 115.
  • Bacon, quoted, 125.
  • Bagpipe, Celtic, 130.
  •  ”   Greek, 130.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 23.
  •  ”   Irish, 130.
  •  ”   mediæval, 102.
  •  ”   Persian, 53.
  •  ”   Polish, 130.
  •  ”   Roman, 35.
  • Bainbridge, inventor, 126.
  • Banduria, 110.
  • Bansi, 47.
  • Barbitos, 27, 30, 33.
  • Baryton, 116.
  • Bassoon, 127, 128.
  • Bass-viol, 114, 119.
  • Basszinken, 128.
  • Bells, Assyrian, 18.
  •  ”   Buddhist, 80.
  •  ”   Chinese, 39, 40.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14, 15.
  •  ”   English, 131.
  •  ”   Etruscan, 132.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 25.
  •  ”   Japanese, 46.
  •  ”   Mexican, 73.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 73, 80.
  •  ”   Roman, 36, 132.
  •  ”   hanging of, 131.
  •  ”   ringing of, 131, 132.
  • Bene, 11.
  • Beni Hassan, painting at, 21.
  • Bernhard, inventor of the pedal, 96.
  • Beverley Minster, sculpture at, 97.
  • Bîn, 49.
  • Bird Organ, 129.
  • Biwa, 44.
  • Blasius, St., manuscript at, 89, 90.
  • Bombardino, 127.
  • Bombardo, 127.
  • Bombulom, 97.
  • Bone instruments, 58.
  • Boscherville, St. Georges de, sculpture from, 99.
  • Botuto, 68.
  • Bow, 50, 55, 88, 90, 113, 119.
  • Bridges, movable, 44.
  • Bruce, his discovery of harps on frescoes, 11.
  • Buccina, 35.
  • Bûche, 118, 119.
  • Budbudika, 47.
  • Buddhism, 39, 43, 52.
  • Buddhist Temples, bas-reliefs on, 43, 44.
  • Bunibulum, 97.
  • Bunting, quoted, 88.
  • Burmese instruments, 2, 3, 42.
  • Burney, Dr., quoted, 128.
  • Cachua, Peruvian dance, 79.
  • Calamus, 34.
  • Cambodia, temples in, 43.
  • Capistrum, 34.
  • Carians, pipes of the, 28.
  • Carillon, 131, 133.
  • Caroados, trumpet of the, 67.
  • Castanets, Egyptian, 14.
  •  ”   Greek, 32.
  •  ”   Roman, 36.
  • Cembalo, 122.
  • Ceylon, instruments of, 51.
  • Chalil, 23.
  • Chalumeau, 127.
  • Chang, 53.
  • Chanrares, 73.
  • Chatzozerah, 24.
  • Chayna, 62, 79.
  • Chelys, 28, 29, 33, 47.
  • Chên, 40.
  • Cheng, 6.
  • Chhilchiles, 72.
  • Ch’ih, 42.
  • Chimes, 133.
  • Ch’in, 43, 44.
  • Chinese “Board of Music,” 78.
  •  ”   instruments, 2, 3, 4, 6, 37 seq., 43.
  • Ch’ing, 37, 38, 39.
  • Chin-ku, 41.
  • Chiriqui Indians, pipe of, 60, 79.
  • Chiterna, 109.
  • Chitarrone, 106.
  • Ch’iu (wood), 41.
  • Ch’un-tu, 40.
  • Chorus, or choron, 93.
  • Chu, 41.
  • Chung, 39.
  • Cionar cruit, 89.
  • Cithara, 33, 84, 85, 94.
  •  ”   Anglica, 89.
  •  ”   Teutonica, 89.
  • Cither, 109, 119.
  • Cithern, or cittern, 102, 109.
  • Citole, 86.
  • Cittern, 102, 109.
  • Clarin, 67.
  • Clarinet, 127.
  • Clarion, mediæval, 102.
  • Clarseth, 110-112.
  • Clavecin, 124.
  • Clavicembalo, 6, 122, 124.
  • Clavichords, 121.
  •  ”   makers of, 122.
  •  ”   prices of, 122.
  • Clavicordo, 124.
  • Claviorganum, 124.
  • Conch trumpets, Hindu, 47.
  •  ”   ”   Mexican, 80.
  • Confucius, 37, 39, 40, 43.
  • Congo, instrument of the, 2.
  • Constantinople, obelisk at, 95.
  • Cor anglais, 127.
  • Corno inglese, 127.
  • Cornu, Etruscan, 32.
  •  ”   Roman, 33, 35.
  • Corthol, 128.
  • Courtaut, 128.
  • “Chronicon picturatum Brunswicense,” quoted, 91.
  • Crotala, 36.
  • Crowd, see Crwth.
  • Crusaders, 36.
  • Crusmata, 36.
  • Crwth, 89, 90, 113.
  • Cuddos nut, instrument made of, 52.
  • ”Curtail,” A, 128.
  • Cymbals, Assyrian, 18.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14, 15.
  •  ”   Greek, 32.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 25.
  •  ”   mediæval, 103.
  •  ”   Roman, 36.
  • Cymbalum, 36, 97.
  • Cythera (cithara), 109.
  • Dalyell, Sir J. G., quoted, 116.
  • Damaras, 6.
  • Damaru, 47.
  • Darabuka, 14, 24.
  • Darius, 19.
  • David, King, 19.
  • Day, Major C. R., 49, 52.
  • Diaulos, 31.
  • Diff, 25.
  • Doff, 25.
  • Dōhachi, 45.
  • Dolciano, 128.
  • Dora, 45.
  • Dordogne, 9.
  • Double-bass, 117.
  •  ”   flageolet, 126.
  •  ”   pipe, in Anglo-Saxon MS., 84.
  • Double-pipe, Egyptian, 13.
  •  ”   ”   Greek, 31.
  •  ”   ”   Phœnician, 36.
  •  ”   ”   Roman 34, 35.
  • Dragonetti, Signor, 117, 118.
  • Drums, American Indian, 82.
  •  ”   Assyrian, 17, 18.
  •  ”   Chinese, 41.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14.
  •  ”   Fiji, 80.
  •  ”   Greek, 32.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 24.
  •  ”   Hindu, 47.
  •  ”   Japanese, 45.
  •  ”   mediæval, 56, 97.
  •  ”   Mexican, 70.
  •  ”   New Guinea, 2.
  •  ”   Persian, 53.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 72.
  •  ”   of Tonga, 80.
  •  ”   of Torres Strait Islands, 80.
  • Dublin Museum, harps in, 111.
  • Dulcimer, 6.
  •  ”   Anglo-Saxon, 86.
  •  ”   Assyrian, 17.
  •  ”   Greek, 30.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 19.
  •  ”   Persian, 54, 55.
  • Egyptian instruments, 8, 10 seq., 27, 98.
  • Elizabeth, Queen, 119, 120.
  • El-ood, 54, 56.
  • English instruments, 104.
  • Etruscan  ”  , 32 seq.
  • Europe, introduction of instruments in, 36.
  • European instruments, 83 seq.
  • Evelyn, quoted, 106, 116.
  • Exeter Cathedral, minstrel gallery in, 102.
  • Fagott, 127.
  • Fagotto piccolo, 128.
  • Fang-hsiang, 40.
  • Fiddle, Anglo-Saxon, 90.
  •  ”   Bengalese, 50.
  •  ”   Chinese, 51.
  •  ”   German, 90.
  •  ”   Hindu and Indian, 50, 88.
  •  ”   Moorish, 90.
  • Fidis or Fides, 33.
  • Fidla, 113.
  • Finnish instrument, 47, 88.
  • Fistula, 35.
  • Fithele (fiddle), 114.
  • Flageolet, English, 125, 126.
  •  ”   Japanese, 45.
  • Flauto dolce, 125.
  • Flutes, American Indian, 82.
  •  ”   Arab, 55.
  •  ”   Aztec, 60.
  •  ”   Chinese, 42.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 12.
  • Flutes, Etruscan, 32.
  •  ”   German, 126.
  •  ”   Greek, 31.
  •  ”   of Guiana Indians, 62.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 23, 26.
  •  ”   Hindu, 47.
  •  ”   Japanese, 45.
  •  ”   Mexican, 58 seq.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 58 seq.
  •  ”   Phrygian, 28.
  •  ”   Roman, 34.
  • Flûte à bec, 125.
  •  ”   d’Angleterre, 125, 126.
  •  ”   traversière, 126.
  • Forkel, quoted, 23.
  • Fortunatus, quoted, 89, 90.
  • Franz, Karl, 115.
  • Free reed, 5.
  • French instruments, 112, 125, 126, 128, 129.
  • Frestele, Fretel or Fretiau, 94.
  • Fuye, 45.
  • Gage, John, quoted, 128.
  • Gaspard di Salo, 118.
  • Gerbert, Abbot, mentioned, 84, 89, 90.
  • Gittern, 56, 102, 108.
  • Gittith, 25, 26.
  • Gizeh, 13.
  • Gongs, Chinese, 45.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14.
  •  ”   Japanese, 45.
  •  ”   Mexican, 80.
  •  ”   Tezcucan, 73.
  • Greek instruments, 27 seq.
  • Guatemala, instrument of, 82.
  • Guitar, instruction books for, 108, 109.
  • Guitar, Japanese, 44.
  •  ”   mediæval, 102.
  •  ”   post-mediæval, 108, 109.
  •  ”   Spanish, 110.
  • Gut-komm, 43.
  • Gythorn, 108.
  • Handel’s harpsichord, 135.
  • Harmonica, 97.
  • Harmonicon, Chinese, 2, 37, 40.
  • Harmonicon, The, quoted, 126.
  • Harps, Anglo-Saxon, 87.
  •  ”   Arabian, 53.
  •  ”   Assyrian, 16, 28.
  •  ”   Burmese, 16.
  •  ”   Celtic, 87.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 11.
  •  ”   Finnish, 88.
  •  ”   French, 112.
  •  ”   German, 87.
  •  ”   Greek, 28, 29.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 19.
  •  ”   Hindu, 50.
  •  ”   Irish, 88, 110-112.
  •  ”   mediæval, 89, 100-102.
  •  ”   Persian, 53.
  •  ”   Scandinavian, 87.
  • Harp-guitar, 110.
  •  ”   lute, 110.
  • Harpsichord, 116, 121, 123.
  •  ”   Handel’s, authenticity of, 135 seq.
  • Harpsichord-makers, 123, 136.
  • Harp-theorbo, 110.
  • Harpu, 88.
  • Harp-ventura, 110.
  • Hautboy, 126.
  • Haydn, 116.
  • Hebrew instruments, 19 seq.
  • Hentzner, Paul, quoted, 131.
  • Hichiriki, 45.
  • Hindu instruments, 3, 46, 52, 88, 89, 93.
  • Hindus, musical scale of, 50.
  • Holmos or mouth-piece, 35.
  • Horn, English, 127.
  •  ”   Greek, 32.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 24.
  • Hsiao, 42.
  • Hsüan, 42.
  • Hsüan-chung, 39.
  • Huanca, 72.
  • Huayllaca, 62.
  • Huayra-puhura, 63, 79.
  • Huehuetl, 71, 80.
  • Hydraulis, 32.
  • Japanese instruments, 3, 4, 44 seq.
  • Jars, musical, 69.
  • Javanese instruments, 2, 3.
  • Jerusalem, Temple of, 19, 23.
  • Jew’s harp, 102.
  • Jinagovi, 52.
  • Jobel, 25.
  • Jones, Edward, quoted, 90.
  • Junk, 53.
  • Juruparis, 66.
  • Kach’-hapi, 47.
  • Kalmuks, trumpet of the, 80.
  • Kane, 46.
  • Kantele, 47, 88.
  • Kei, 45.
  • Kemángeh, 55.
  • Ken, 42.
  • Keras, 32.
  • Keren, 24.
  • Keyboards, instruments with, 120-125.
  • Khorsabad, 16.
  • Kinnor, 20.
  • Kiōto, bell at, 46.
  • Kithara, Asiatic, 27.
  •  ”   Greek, 28, 29.
  • K’iu (wood), 41.
  • Ko-kiū, 44.
  • Kosà, 130.
  • Koto, 44.
  • Kouyunjik, 16.
  • Kratzenstein, 6.
  • Krotala, 32.
  • Ku, 41.
  • Kuan-tzŭ, 42.
  • K’uei, musician, 37.
  • Kuitra, 56, 108.
  • Kymbala, 32.
  • Langspiel, 114.
  • Laos, instruments of, 4, 42.
  • Launedda, 36.
  • Lay, T., quoted, 43.
  • Lei-ku, 41.
  • Leighton, Sir W., quoted, 130.
  • Lidl, Anton, 115.
  • Lionedda, 36.
  • Lira di braccio, 101.
  • Lituus, 35.
  • Lombrive, 10.
  • Lute, 104, 105, 116.
  •  ”   Arab, 54.
  •  ”   Hindu, 89.
  •  ”   Japanese, 44.
  •  ”   mediæval, 102.
  •  ”   Moorish, 56.
  •  ”   Tibetan, 43.
  • Lute-makers, principal, 106, 116.
  • Lutists, Arabian, 54, 55, 56.
  • Lydians, Kithara of, 28.
  • Lyra, German, 90.
  •  ”   Greek, 28.
  •  ”   Roman, 33.
  • Lyre, 84.
  •  ”   Assyrian, 18.
  •  ”   Greek, 27 seq.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 20.
  •  ”   Roman, 33.
  • Mace, Thomas, quoted, 104, 105, 119.
  • Machalath, 22, 25, 26.
  • Machol, 26.
  • Magadis, 27, 30, 52.
  • Magoudi, 52.
  • Magrepha, 23, 24.
  • Mam, 13.
  • Mandoline, 107, 108.
  • Mandora, 108.
  • Mandorina, 108.
  • Marimba, 82.
  • Martin, instrument-maker, 118.
  • Mattheson, quoted, 105.
  • Melozzo da Forlì, painting by, 97.
  • Melrose Abbey, sculpture at, 97.
  • Melville, Sir James, quoted, 120.
  • Menaaneim, 25.
  • Metzilloth, 25.
  • Metzilthaim, 25.
  • Mexican instruments, 59, 80 seq.
  • Miao-tsze, 43.
  • Middle Ages, instruments of the, 83.
  • Minnim, 22, 23.
  • Miriam, 25.
  • Mishrokitha, 23.
  • Monaulos, 31.
  • Monochord, 31, 92.
  • Moorish instruments, 56, 108.
  • Mosul, bas-relief from, 16.
  • Mozart, 107.
  • Munich Museum, vase in, 28.
  • Music, ancient books on, 48, 84.
  •  ”   supposed origin of, 47.
  • Nabla, 30.
  • Nablas, 27.
  • Nablia, 34.
  • Nablum, 86, 100.
  • Naker, 56.
  • Naḳḳárah, 56.
  • Nakrys, 56.
  • Nara, bell near, 46.
  • Nebuchadnezzar, 18.
  • Nechiloth, 25, 26.
  • Nefer, 12.
  • Nekeb, 23.
  • Nevel, 19, 22, 30.
  • New Guinea, instruments of, 2.
  • New Zealand, instruments of, 2.
  • “Nibelungenlied,” The, 90.
  • Nimroud, 16, 18.
  • Nineveh, 16.
  • Nootka Sound, instrument of, 2.
  • Norwegian instruments, 113.
  • Nuy, 55.
  • Oboe da caccia, 127.
  •  ”   d’amore, 127.
  •  ”   Hindu, 79.
  •  ”   lungo, 127.
  •  ”   Persian, 55.
  •  ”   piccolo, 127.
  • Ocarina, Chinese, 42.
  • Octave, Arabian, 54.
  •  ”   Chinese, 39.
  • Octavina (Ottavino), 120.
  • Oliphant, 94.
  • Organ, Burmese, 42.
  •  ”   Chinese, 42.
  •  ”   English, 129.
  •  ”   French, 129.
  •  ”   Gamba stop in, 115.
  •  ”   German, 129.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 24.
  •  ”   hydraulic, 32.
  •  ”   pneumatic, 94.
  •  ”   portative, 129, 130.
  •  ”   positive, 129.
  •  ”   Siamese, 42.
  • Organ-builders, German, 129.
  • Organ-harpsichord, 124.
  • Organistrum, 92, 99, 101.
  • Orchestras, mediæval, 99.
  • Orpheus, Chinese, 37.
  • Ottavino, or Octavina, 120.
  • Ovalle, Alonso de, quoted, 62.
  • P’ai-hsiao, 42.
  • Palenque, instruments from, 62.
  • Pandean pipes, 23, 31, 35, 42, 53, 80.
  • Pandoura, 30.
  • Pandurina, 108.
  • Pasquali, Signor, 117.
  • Passerini, Signor, 117.
  • Pedal, invention of, 96.
  •  ”   in harpsichord, 124.
  • Pektis, 30.
  • Pepys, quoted, 120, 126.
  • Persian instruments, 3, 48, 52 seq.
  • Peruvian instruments, 58, 59.
  • Peruvians, songs of the, 80, 81.
  • Phaamon, 25.
  • Phœnicians, 36.
  • Phorbeia, 34.
  • Phorminx, 28, 29.
  • Pianoforte, 123, 125, 134.
  • Piao, 39.
  • Pien-ch’ing, 38, 39.
  • Pien-chung, 39.
  • Piffero pastorale, 127.
  • Pincullu, 62.
  • P’i-p’a, 43, 44.
  • Pipe of the Aztecs, 60.
  •  ”   Berecynthian, 27.
  •  ”   Carian, 28.
  •  ”   of Chiriqui Indians, 60, 79.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 12.
  •  ”   Greek, 31.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 23.
  •  ”   Japanese, 45.
  •  ”   Mexican, 58 seq.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 58 seq.
  •  ”   Phrygian, 27.
  • Pitch of Chinese instruments, 39.
  •  ”   the oboe, 127.
  •  ”   the ottavino, 120.
  •  ”   whistle sounds, 59.
  • Pito, 60.
  • Plectrum, 30, 40, 44, 45, 109, 110.
  • Plektron, see Plectrum.
  • Po-fu, 41.
  • Poitiers, 10.
  • Post-mediæval instruments, 104 seq.
  • Pottery, instruments of, 58 seq.
  • Prætorius, quoted, 111.
  • Pre-historic relics, 9.
  • Psalms, musical directions in, 26.
  • Psalterion, 20.
  • Psalterium, 33, 85, 86.
  • Psaltery, 102, 116, 117.
  • Psanterin, 20.
  • Pungi, 52, 93.
  • Quanūn, 54, 55.
  • Quartfagott, 128.
  • Quills for twanging strings, 107, 109, 119.
  • Quills in virginal, 120.
  • Quinterna, 109.
  • Quintfagott, 128.
  • Quyvi, 62.
  • Rabôb, 55, 56.
  • Ranking, J., quoted, 75.
  • Rattles, 80.
  •  ”   American Indian, 72, 82.
  •  ”   Indian, 2.
  • Ravanastra, 50.
  • Rebec, 56, 102, 113.
  • Rébek, 90.
  • Recorder, 125.
  • Regal, or regals, 96, 102, 129.
  • Rigabello, 130.
  • Rin, 46.
  • Roman instruments, 32 seq.
  • Rote, 88.
  • Rotta, 88, 89.
  • Sârangi, 50.
  • Sackbut, 94, 102.
  • Sainprae, Jaques, 115.
  • Salpinx, 32.
  • Salterio, 102.
  • Sambuca, 34, 94.
  • Sambyke, 27, 30.
  • Samisen, 44.
  • Sang, 43.
  • San-hsien, 44.
  • Sankha, 47.
  • Santiago de Compostella, sculpture at, 101.
  • Santir, 6, 20, 55.
  • Sardinia, 36.
  • Sârinda, 50.
  • Scabellum, 35.
  • Scale, Chinese, 37, 39.
  •  ”   diatonic, 132.
  •  ”   pentatonic, 42, 79.
  • Scandinavian harp, 87.
  • Schalmei, 127.
  • Scheitholz, 118, 119.
  • Schnitzer, instrument maker, 128.
  • Sê, 43.
  • Sebȧ, 12.
  • Serinette, 129.
  • Serpent, 128.
  • Seshesh, 15.
  • Shakespeare, quoted, 114.
  • Shakuhachi, 45.
  • Shalisbim, 25.
  • Shalm, or shawm, 102, 103, 127.
  • Shehna, 79.
  • Shêng, 42, 43, 45.
  • Shime-daiko, 45.
  • Shō, 45.
  • Shophar, 24.
  • Shwan-che, 43.
  • Siam, instruments used in, 3, 4, 42.
  • Simikon, 30.
  • Sistrum, Egyptian, 14, 98.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 25.
  •  ”   Roman, 36.
  • Sitar, 110.
  • Sitâra, 55.
  • Solomon, 19.
  • Sordino, 118.
  • Spain, Arabs in, 36, 56.
  • Spanish instruments, 36, 110.
  • Spinet, 121.
  • Stones, sonorous, 39, 73.
  • Stops of the clavicembalo, 123.
  • Stop in organ-harpsichord, 124.
  • Strabo, quoted, 27.
  • Stradivarius, 118.
  • Strings, catgut, 1, 30, 108-110, 115.
  • Strings, silk, 1, 43, 44, 54, 109.
  • Strings, sympathetic, 115, 116.
  •  ”   wire, 55, 108-110, 115-117, 120, 121.
  • Sultana, 116.
  • Sumphonia, 23.
  • Sung-ch’ing, 39.
  • Surnai, 55.
  • Suroda, 88, 89.
  • Syrinx, Greek, 31.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 23.
  •  ”   mediæval, 94, 99.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 63.
  •  ”   Roman, 35.
  • Tabret, 24.
  • Taiko, 45.
  • Talmud, The, 23.
  • Tamboura, Arabian, 54.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 27.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 22.
  • Tambourine, Assyrian, 18.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 24.
  •  ”   Peruvian, 72.
  •  ”   Roman, 35.
  • Tangents in the clavichord, 121.
  • T’ê-ch’ing, 39.
  • T’ê-chung, 39, 40.
  • Tenor (violin), 113.
  • Tenor-bassoon, 128.
  • Tenor-viol, 119.
  • Teponaztli, 70, 80.
  • Testudo, 33.
  • Tezcucans, instruments of the, 73.
  • Thebes, 11, 12, 14.
  • Theorbo, 101, 104, 105.
  • Ti, 42.
  • Tibetan instruments, 43, 80.
  • Tibia, 34.
  •  ”   curva, 34.
  •  ”   dextra, 34.
  •  ”   gingrina, 34.
  •  ”   ligula, 34.
  •  ”   longa, 34.
  •  ”   obliqua, 34.
  •  ”   sinistra, 34.
  •  ”   utricularis, 34.
  •  ”   vasca, 35.
  • Tibiæ impares, 34.
  •  ”   pares, 34.
  • Timbrel, 24, 102.
  • Timotheus, flutist, 57.
  • Tintinnabula, 36.
  • Tintinnabulum, 100.
  • Tinya, 75.
  • Titus, arch of, 24.
  • Tone of instruments, 112, 113.
  • Toph, 24, 25.
  • Toumrie, 52.
  • Treble-viol, 119.
  • Triangle, Hebrew, 25.
  • Triangle, Roman, 36.
  • Triangulum, 36.
  • Trigonon, 17, 28, 30, 53.
  • Trigonum, 34.
  • Triple Flageolet, 126.
  • Trombone, 94.
  • Trumpets of South American Indians, 65.
  • Trumpets, Anglo-Saxon, 94.
  •  ”   Ashantee, 2.
  •  ”   Assyrian, 18.
  •  ”   of the Caroados, 67.
  •  ”   Egyptian, 14.
  •  ”   Greek, 32.
  •  ”   Hebrew, 24 seq.
  •  ”   Hindu, 47, 79.
  •  ”   of the Kalmuks, 80.
  •  ”   Mexican, 80.
  •  ”   New Zealand, 2.
  •  ”   Persian, 53.
  •  ”   Thibetan, 80.
  • Tschenk (Chang), 53.
  • Tsu-ku, 41.
  • Tsudzumi, 45.
  • Tsuri-gane, 46.
  • Tuba, 35.
  • Tuckey, Captain, 2.
  • Turé, 67, 79.
  • “Tuner of the Regals,” 130.
  • Tuning of the spinet, 121.
  • Tympanon, 32.
  • Tympanum, 35.
  • Tyrolean harp-makers, 112.
  • Tzeltzelim, 25.
  • Ventura, Signor, 110.
  • Vielle, 101.
  • Vihuela, 102, 110.
  • Vina, 46, 47, 49.
  •  ”   mahati, 49.
  •  ”   rudra, 49.
  • Vinavah, 51.
  • Viol, mediæval, 99, 100.
  •  ”   post-mediæval, 113, 119.
  •  ”   Spanish, 102, 118.
  • Viola da gamba, 114, 115.
  •  ”   d’amore, 116.
  •  ”   di bardone, 115.
  • Violin, 91, 113, 114, 116.
  •  ”   Japanese, 44.
  •  ”   Persian, 55.
  • Violoncello, 114, 115.
  • Virginal, 119-121, 130.
  • Wait, the instrument, 103.
  • Walther, quoted, 121.
  • Welsh instruments, 89, 90.
  • Whistles, American Indian, 82.
  •  ”   Mexican, 59, 60.
  • Wilkinson, Sir G., quoted, 21.
  • Ying-ku, 41.
  • Yotl, 73.
  • Yü, 40, 41.
  •  ”   stone made into the ch’ing, 38.
  • Yüeh, 42.
  • Yüeh-ch’in, 43.
  • Zampogna, 23.
  • Zante, belfries in, 131.
  • Zither, or Zitter, 109.