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Nature readers

Chapter 23: LESSON XV.
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About This Book

The text comprises a series of short lessons written for beginning readers that present clear, verified observations of seaside and wayside animals. It describes the appearance, anatomy, homes, and behaviors of crabs, wasps, bees, spiders, and shellfish, explains life cycles, feeding, defense, and human uses, and offers simple accounts of nests, burrows, and tides. Language and paragraphing are kept elementary to teach reading while encouraging close observation and respect for living creatures. Exercises and brief reviews reinforce learning and invite children and teachers to continue field study beyond the book.

LESSON XV.

MRS. WASP AT HOME.

ROCK-A-BYE BABY.

There are many kinds of wasps. There are mud-wasps, which make mud houses.

Lonely wasps build alone in the ground, and dig holes in the sand. They throw the sand back between their hind legs.

Did you ever see your dog dig a hole? The wasp digs in the same way as the dog.

Sand wasps make tiny earth houses on walls and fences. Tree wasps hang great paper houses upon the branches or twigs of trees.

Rust-red wasps do not build houses for their cells. They make fine paper cells, and hang them with the open part down, in some safe place.

They varnish the cells to keep them dry. In a cold land, the wasps build in barns, attics, hollow trees, or in the ground.

In warm lands, they hang a bunch of cells out in the open air, on trees or vines. One day I found a wasp’s nest in an old tin can.

There had been paint in the can. The wasp had made a stem of paint.

She used her feet to twist it into a stiff rope. Upon that, for a stem, she built a nest like a white flower.

She put a cell upon the stem, and six cells around that one. In each cell was a wee, white egg.

The eggs grew to fat grubs. They had black heads.

Then Mrs. Wasp fed them. She went from one cell to the other, and fed her grubs, just as a bird feeds its young.

Mrs. Wasp also makes a pap of bugs and fruit, and gives it to her young.

Wasps are very neat. They keep their nests clean. They use cells more than once.

But they make new nests each year. One kind of wasp is called the White Face.

Every wasp has a clean, shining coat, and a fierce look.

Wasps do not bite or chew food; they suck out the juices of fruit and insects.