This work examines the concept of genius through the lens of psychological and physiological factors, exploring the lives and characteristics of notable figures from Columbus to Manzoni. It discusses the interplay between genius and various forms of neuroses, suggesting that certain mental anomalies may contribute to extraordinary intellectual capabilities. Lombroso critiques previous theories and presents his own observations, emphasizing the importance of empirical evidence in understanding the nature of genius. The text includes analyses of historical figures, aiming to establish a connection between their psychological profiles and their creative outputs.