CHAPTER XXV
SOLUTIONS AND THERAPEUTIC INDEX
Acid, Boric. 5 dr. in a pint of water makes a 4% solution, or 1:25.
Acid, Carbolic. 15 ♏︎ in a quart of water makes a 0.1% solution, or 1:1000. 5 dr. to the quart makes a 2% solution; and 1¼ oz. to the quart, a 5% solution.
Chinosol. 15 gr. to the quart of water makes a solution of 1:1000.
Formalin. 1 dr. to the quart of water makes a solution of about 1:500.
Mercury Bichloride. 15 gr. to the quart of water makes a 0.1% solution, or 1:1000. 1½ gr. to the quart makes a 0.01% solution, or 1:10,000.
Normal Salt Solution. 2 dr. of salt to the quart of water, or 0.9%.
Physiological Salt Solution. Take normal salt solution as given above and to every 3½ oz. add 15 gr. of carbonate of soda.
Potassium Permanganate. 2½ dr. to the quart makes a 1% solution. 3 gr. to the quart makes a 1:5000 solution.
Silver Nitrate. 4½ gr. to the ounce of water or 1 gr. to 1–7/10 dr. makes a 1% solution.
Ziratol. 2½ teaspoonfuls to a quart of water makes a 1% solution.
For general reference the following valuable table is appended:
| PERCENTAGE SOLUTION TABLE | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| By Alfred I. Cohn, Phar. D., in Merck’s Report | |||||||||||||||||||
| Quantity of solution to be made | GRAINS OF SALT OR DRUG REQUIRED TO MAKE SOLUTIONS OF PERCENTAGE STRENGTH INDICATED | ||||||||||||||||||
| 0.5% | 1% | 2% | 3% | 4% | 5% | 6% | 8% | 10% | 15% | 20% | 25% | 50% | 1:500 | 1:1000 | 1:2000 | 1:3000 | 1:4000 | 1:5000 | |
| ½ fl. oz | 1.15 | 2.3 | 4.6 | 6.9 | 9.3 | 11.7 | 14.1 | 19. | 24. | 36.8 | 50.2 | 65. | 151.2 | 0.46 | 0.228 | 0.12 | 0.075 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| 1 fl. oz | 2.3 | 4.6 | 9.2 | 13.9 | 18.6 | 23.4 | 28.2 | 37.9 | 47.9 | 73.5 | 100.3 | 130. | 302.5 | 0.91 | 0.456 | 0.23 | 0.15 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
| 2 fl. oz | 4.6 | 9.2 | 18.4 | 27.8 | 37.2 | 46.8 | 56.4 | 75.8 | 95.8 | 147. | 200.6 | 260. | 605. | 1.8 | 0.91 | 0.46 | 0.3 | 0.23 | 0.18 |
| 3 fl. oz | 6.9 | 13.8 | 27.6 | 41.7 | 55.8 | 70.2 | 84.6 | 113.7 | 143.7 | 220.5 | 301. | 390. | 907.5 | 2.7 | 1.37 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 0.34 | 0.27 |
| 4 fl. oz | 9.2 | 18.4 | 36.8 | 55.6 | 74.4 | 93.6 | 112.8 | 151.6 | 191.6 | 294. | 401.2 | 520. | 1210. | 3.64 | 1.82 | 0.91 | 0.61 | 0.46 | 0.36 |
| 5 fl. oz | 11.5 | 23. | 46. | 69.5 | 93. | 117. | 141. | 189.5 | 239.5 | 367.5 | 501.5 | 650. | 1512.5 | 4.55 | 2.28 | 1.14 | 0.76 | 0.57 | 0.46 |
The table shows the quantity of drug required to yield a given volume of solution of the percentage strength desired. Thus, to make one fluid ounce of a 5 per cent solution it is merely necessary to dissolve 23.4 grains of the salt in sufficient water to make one fluid ounce.