ILLUSTRATIONS
TO
THE FIRST VOLUME.
(The Author is indebted to the works of Dr. Carpenter, Rev. M. J. Berkeley, Mr.
Gosse, and Mr. Darwin, for the larger part of these Illustrations.)
| FIG. | PAGE | |
|---|---|---|
| 89. | Eucyrtidium cranoides | frontispiece |
| 1. | Form of stratified discharge in a vacuum tube | 79 |
| 2. | Form of stratified discharge in a vacuum tube, as affected by an electro-magnet | 81 |
| 3. | Development of Ulva | 171 |
| 4. | Vertical section of the cuticle of Iris germanica | 173 |
| 5. | Longitudinal section of stem of Italian reed | 176 |
| 6. | Palmoglœa macrococca | 182 |
| 7. | Protococcus pluvialis | 184 |
| 8. | Volvox globator | 189 |
| 9. | Various species of Staurastrum | 192 |
| 10. | Economy of Closterium Lunula | 193 |
| 11. | Diatoma vulgare and Grammatophora serpentina | 197 |
| 12. | Biddulphia pulchella | 198 |
| 13. | Pleurosigma angulatum | 199 |
| 14. | Actinocyclus undulatus | 200 |
| 15. | Meridion circulare | 201 |
| 16. | Bacillaria paradoxa | 203 |
| 17. | Cell multiplication in Conferva glomerata | 207 |
| 18. | Zoospores | 208 |
| 19. | Threads of Rivularia nitida | 215 |
| 20. | Trichodesmium erythræum | 216 |
| 21. | Conjugation of Zygnema quininum | 217 |
| 22. | Ulva latissima | 225 |
| 23. | Polyides rotundus and Furcellaria fastigiata | 229 |
| 24. | Vertical sections of conceptacles of Gracilaria armata, Grinnelia americana, and Corallina officinalis | 230 |
| 25. | Callithamnion corymbosum | 232 |
| 26. | Rhabdonia Coulteri, Sphærococcus coronopifolius, Wrangelia penicillata, and Cruoria pellita | 236 |
| 27. | Dictyurus purpurascens | 242 |
| 28. | Polyzonia cuneifolia | 243 |
| 29. | Fruit of various species of Ectocarpus | 245 |
| 30. | Dictyota dichotoma | 247 |
| 31. | Vertical section of receptacle of Fucus platycarpus | 254 |
| 32. | Various species of Pucciniæi | 276 |
| 33. | Puccinia Graminis | 280 |
| 34. | Various species of Mucedines | 286 |
| 35. | Torula Cerevisiæ, showing successive stages of cell-multiplication | 287 |
| 36. | Various species of Sphæriacei | 294 |
| 37. | Various species of Lichens | 299 |
| 38. | Sporopodium Leprieurii, Coccocarpia smaragdina, and Lecanora affinis | 300 |
| 39. | Paulia perforata, Calicium tympanellum, and Graphis Leprevostei | 301 |
| 40. | Nitella flexilis | 302 |
| 41. | Antheridia of Chara fragilis | 314 |
| 42. | Further development of antheridia of Chara fragilis | 315 |
| 43. | Marchantia polymorpha | 317 |
| 44. | Anatomy of frond of Marchantia polymorpha | 318 |
| 45. | Archegonia of Marchantia polymorpha | 319 |
| 46. | Elater and spores of Marchantia | 319 |
| 47. | Funaria hygrometrica | 324 |
| 48. | Polytrichum commune, group of antheridia | 325 |
| 49. | Polytrichum commune, development of spermatozoids | 325 |
| 50. | Microscopic structure of leaves of mosses | 330 |
| 51. | Development of spores of Pteris serrulata | 336 |
| 52. | Antheridium and spermatozoids of Pteris serrulata | 338 |
| 53. | Archegonium of Pteris serrulata | 338 |
| 54. | Section of footstalk of fern frond | 341 |
| 55. | Pinnule of Polypodium bearing sori | 342 |
| 56. | Sporangia of Polypodiaceous ferns | 343 |
| 57. | Pinnule of Lastrea Filix-mas with sori | 346 |
| 58. | Sorus and indusium of Polystichum or Aspidium | 347 |
| 59. | Pinna of Polystichum Lonchitis | 348 |
| 60. | Sorus and cup-shaped indusium of Deparia prolifera | 350 |
| 61. | Scolopendrium vulgare | 351 |
| 62. | Athyrium Filix-fœmina | 353 |
| 63. | Asplenium Ruta-muraria | 353 |
| 64. | Ceterach officinarum | 355 |
| 65. | Blechnum Spicant | 357 |
| 66. | Pteris aquilina | 357 |
| 67. | Adiantum Capillus-Veneris | 359 |
| 68. | Trichomanes radicans | 361 |
| 69. | Hymenophyllum tunbridgense | 362 |
| 70. | Equisetum giganteum | 368 |
| 71. | Pilularia minuta | 371 |
| 72. | Orchis mascula, side view of flower | 389 |
| 73. | Orchis mascula, front view of flower | 390 |
| 74. | Orchis mascula, pollinium | 391 |
| 75. | Orchis mascula, pollen grains | 391 |
| 76. | Orchis mascula, pollinia | 392 |
| 77. | Orchis pyramidalis, front view of flower | 393 |
| 78. | Orchis pyramidalis, side view of flower | 394 |
| 79. | Orchis pyramidalis, disc with one pollinium | 395 |
| 80. | Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, attached to disc | 395 |
| 81. | Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, with disc contracted | 395 |
| 82. | Orchis pyramidalis, pollinia, withdrawn | 395 |
| 83. | Epipactis palustris, side views of flower | 397 |
| 84. | Epipactis palustris, side view and dissection of flower | 398 |
| 85. | Listera ovata, side view of flower | 399 |