CHAPTER XV
LIFE OF ANDREW JACKSON
In the year 1765 an Irish workman of Scotch blood, and of the name of Jackson, made up his mind that the grind of poverty in his native land was too great for endurance. So, with infinite labor, he scraped together a little store of gold; and with his wife and two children he took ship for the colonies of America of which he had heard such glowing tales.
George III had been five years king of England, and the French war which gave Canada to the British had just ended when the little family of Jacksons landed at Charleston in South Carolina. Having no money with which to purchase land, they set out with some others for the interior. Here, one hundred and fifty miles from civilization, and in the midst of a wilderness of dark pines, a little clearing was made near Waxhaw Creek, a log cabin erected, and a home established in the new land.
But the clearing bore only one small crop. Then the head of the house sickened and died; the widow was left with fear in her heart as to the future of herself and her two children. However, after the burial, she drove across the border into North Carolina, where her sister had established a home; and there in a log house, only a few days after her arrival, was born Andrew Jackson, seventh president of the republic, and one of its greatest soldiers.
This was on March 15, 1767. About a month afterward Mrs. Jackson with her children set out for the home of her brother-in-law, named Crawford, who lived some distance away. Her sister, Crawford’s wife, was an invalid; and for ten years Mrs. Jackson lived with them as a sort of housekeeper.
In this frontier home Andrew Jackson grew up into a rather ungainly, rough, hot-tempered boy. Among his comrades he was something of a bully. It has been long said of such boys that they are usually cowards; but in Andrew’s case this was not true, for there was no more resolute spirit on the border than his, even at that early day. Andrew’s mother had some thought of making a minister of him; at any rate he was sent to the little log schoolhouse, and was taught to read; his handwriting was wretched and during the whole course of his life he never learned to spell.
During the boyhood of Jackson great questions were on the verge of settlement; the colonies revolted and England set about crushing them under the weight of her trained regiments. During the boy’s ninth year the Declaration of Independence was signed; and in a little while Marion, known on the border as “the Swamp Fox,” Sumpter, known as “the Game Cock,” and other heroes of the wilderness were up in arms and stemming the tide of the red-coated aggression. Amidst the Tory outrages, the assaults of the ferocious dragoons of Tarleton, Hugh Jackson, Andrew’s elder brother, took up his rifle and joined the defenders. He met his death in the fight at Stono.
The old log church was used as an hospital, and Mrs. Jackson was among the women who nursed the wounded Americans. Not long afterward the terrible Tarleton and his men made a rush at Waxhaw; at another time the army under Cornwallis attacked the same place, and the settlers fled from his fury. Six months later the Jacksons returned to the ravaged section. Andrew was now fourteen, tall and thin and seething with the desire to take part in the fighting going on all around him. His first chance was when, as one of the guard of a place attacked by the Tories, he helped to beat them off. Dragoons arrived in time to save the Tories, and among the captured were Andrew and his brother.
It was while he was with the British that Jackson was slashed by a sword in the hands of an officer whose boots he had refused to blacken. Afterward, wan and wasted by neglect and disease, the two boys were exchanged. From this experience the brother died; but the stronger constitution of Andrew carried him through and he recovered. Mrs. Jackson then heard that her nephews were suffering in the British prison pens at Charleston; she hurried to their aid, but was attacked by the fever and died.
Andrew Jackson was now alone in the world, and without a penny. After the war he turned his little stock of learning to good account. He became a backwoods schoolmaster. Then he studied law, worked in a country store, and afterward opened a law office at Nashville in Tennessee. During all of this period Jackson was acquiring a reputation as the wildest and most daring spirit on the frontier; the hot temper of his boyhood had cooled not a jot; he was always ready for any deed of hardihood, and the rough spirits of the border learned to fear his anger.
His marriage, from unusual circumstances attending its contraction, was one which promised many sorrows; but as a matter of fact proved a very happy one. Jackson was sent to Congress from Tennessee, and was afterward made senator. Later he resigned and returned to Nashville. Here at different times he practiced law, kept a store, and farmed. It was at this period that he was made commander of the state militia, and subdued the Creeks. Afterward he became head of the army of the United States in the southwest, and drove back the British at New Orleans.
After defeating the Seminole Indians in Florida, and performing other services of great value to the country, Jackson began a political career full of tumult; he was the most loved and most hated man of his time. He was elected President of the United States in the year 1828, and again four years later. Then he retired to the quiet of the “Hermitage,” near Nashville, as his home was called, and spent the remainder of his life in peace. He died June 8, 1845.
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