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Orlando Furioso

Chapter 42: CANTO 42
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About This Book

A sprawling Renaissance epic weaves martial campaigns, courtly love, and fantastic adventure into an episodic sequence of cantos. Knights pursue honor, desire, and destiny across enchanted woods, besieged cities, and remote islands while sorcery and trickery reshape contests and alliances. One thread follows a celebrated warrior driven to rage and madness by obsessive love; another traces a foretold union between a valiant woman and a noble pagan that propels quests, rescues, and magical impediments. Comic digressions, dreamlike voyages, and moral puzzles puncture heroic conventions as themes of fate, chivalry, conversion, and the instability of desire recirculate through interlaced tales.

  XVI
  On a despiteous sea, that livelong night,
  They drifted, as the wind in fury blew.
  The furious wind that with the dawning light
  Should have abated, gathered force anew.
  Lo! a bare rock, ahead, appears in sight,
  Which vainly would the wretched band eschew;
  Whom towards that cliff, in their despite, impel
  The raging tempest and the roaring swell.

  XVII
  Three times and four the pale-faced pilot wrought
  The tiller with a vigorous push to sway;
  And for the bark a surer passage sought:
  But the waves snapt and bore the helm away.
  To lower, or ease the bellying canvas aught
  The sailors had no power; nor time had they
  To mend that ill, or counsel what was best;
  For them too hard the mortal peril prest.

  XVIII
  Perceiving now that nothing can defend
  Their bark from wreck on that rude rock and bare,
  All to their private aims alone attend,
  And only to preserve their life have care.
  Who quickest can, into the skiff descend;
  But in a thought so overcrowded are,
  Through those so many who invade the boat,
  That, gunwale-deep, she scarce remains afloat.

  XIX
  Rogero, on beholding master, mate,
  And men abandoning the ship with speed,
  In doublet, as he is, sans mail and plate,
  Hopes in the skiff, a refuge in that need:
  But finds her overcharged with such a weight,
  And afterwards so many more succeed,
  That the o'erwhelming wave the pinnace drown,
  And she with all her wretched freight goes down;

  XX
  Goes down, and, foundering, drags with her whoe'er
  Leaving the larger bark, on her relies.
  Then doleful shrieks are heard, 'mid sob and tear,
  Calling for succour on unpitying skies:
  But for short space that shrilling cry they rear;
  For, swoln with rage and scorn, the waters rise,
  And in a moment wholly stop the vent
  Whence issues that sad clamour and lament.

  XXI
  One sinks outright, no more to reappear;
  Some rise, and bounding with the billows go:
  Their course, with head uplifted, others steer;
  An arm, an unshod leg, those others show:
  Rogero, who the tempest will not fear,
  Springs upward to the surface from below;
  And little distant sees that rock, in vain
  Eschewed by him and his attendant train.

  XXII
  Himself with hands and feet the warrior rows,
  Hoping by force thereof to win the shore;
  Breast boldly the importunate flood, and blows
  With his unwearied breath the foam before.
  Waxing meanwhile, the troubled water rose,
  And from the rock the abandoned vessel bore;
  Quitted of those unhappy men, who die
  (So curst their lot) the death from which they fly.

  XXIII
  Alas! for man's deceitful thoughts and blind!
  The ship escaped from wreck, where hope was none;
  When master and when men their charge resigned,
  And let the vessel without guidance run.
  It would appear the wind has changed its mind,
  On seeing all that sailed in her are gone;
  And blows the vessel from those shallows free,
  Through better course, into a safer sea.

  XXIV
  She, having drifted wildly with her guide,
  Without him, made directly Africk's strand,
  Two or three miles of waste Biserta wide,
  Upon the quarter facing Egypt's land;
  And, as the sea went down and the wind died,
  Stood bedded in that weary waste of sand.
  Now thither Roland roved, who paced the shore;
  As I in other strain rehearsed before;

  XXV
  And willing to discover if alone,
  Laden, or light, the stranded vessel were,
  He, Olivier, and Monodantes' son,
  Aboard her in a shallow bark repair:
  Beneath the hatchways they descend, but none
  Of human kind they see; and only there
  Find good Frontino, with the trenchant sword
  And gallant armour of his youthful lord;

  XXVI
  Who was so hurried in his hasty flight
  He had not even time to take his sword;
  To Orlando known; which, Balisardo hight,
  Was his erewhile; the tale's upon record,
  And ye have read it all, as well I wite;
  How Falerina lost it to that lord,
  When waste as well her beauteous bowers he laid;
  And how from him Brunello stole the blade;

  XXVII
  And how beneath Carena, on the plain
  Brunello on Rogero this bestowed.
  How matchless was that faulchion's edge and grain,
  To him experience had already showed;
  I say, Orlando; who was therefore fain,
  And to heaven's king with grateful thanks o'erflowed;
  And deemed, and often afterwards so said,
  Heaven for such pressing need had sent the blade:

  XXVIII
  Such pressing need, in that he had to fight
  With the redoubted king of Sericane;
  And knew that he, besides his fearful might,
  Was lord of Bayard and of Durindane.
  Not knowing them, Anglantes' valiant knight
  So highly rated not the plate and chain
  As he that these had proved: they valour were,
  But valued less as good than rich and fair;

  XXIX
  And, for of harness he had little need,
  Charmed, and against all weapons fortified,
  To Olivier he left the warlike weed:
  Not so the sword; which to his waist he tied:
  To Brandimart Orlando gave the steed:
  Thus equally that spoil would he divide
  With his companions twain, in equal share,
  Who partners in that rich discovery were.

  XXX
  Against the day of fight, in goodly gear
  And new, those warriors seek their limbs to deck.
  Blazoned upon Orlando's shield appear
  The burning bold and lofty Babel's wreck.
  A lyme-dog argent bears Sir Olivier,
  Couchant, and with the leash upon his neck:
  The motto; TILL HE COMES: In gilded vest
  And worthy of himself he will be drest.

  XXXI
  Bold Brandimart designed upon the day
  Of battle, for his royal father's sake,
  And his own honour, no device more gay
  Than a dim surcoat to the field to take.
  By gentle Flordelice for that dark array,
  Was wrought the fairest facing she could make.
  With costly jewels was the border sown;
  Sable the vest, and of one piece alone.

  XXXII
  With her own hand the lady wrought that vest,
  Becoming well the finest plate and chain,
  Wherein the valiant warrior should be drest,
  And cloak his courser's croup and chest and mane:
  But, from that day when she herself addrest
  Unto this task, till ended was her pain,
  She showed no sign of gladness; nor this while,
  Nor after, was she ever seen to smile.

  XXXIII
  The heartfelt fear, the torment evermore
  Of losing Brandimart the dame pursued.
  She him whilere a hundred times and more
  Engaged in fierce and fearful fight had viewed;
  Nor ever suchlike terror heretofore
  Had blanched her cheek and froze her youthful blood;
  And this new sense of fear increased her trouble,
  And made the trembling lady's heart beat double.

  XXXIV
  The warriors to the wind their canvas rear,
  When point device the three accoutred are.
  Bold Sansonet is left, with England's peer,
  Intrusted with the faithful army's care.
  Flordelice, pricked at heart with cruel fear,
  Filling the heavens with vow, lament and prayer,
  As far as they by sight can followed be,
  Follows their sails upon the foaming sea.

  XXXV
  Scarce, with much labour, the two captains led
  Her, gazing on the waters, from the shore,
  And to the palace drew, where on her bed
  They left the lady, grieved and trembling sore.
  Meanwhile upon their quest those others sped,
  Whom mercy wind and weather seaward bore.
  Their vessel made that island on the right;
  The field appointed for so fell a fight.

  XXXVI
  Orlando disembarks, with his array,
  His kinsman Olivier and Brandimart;
  Who on the side which fronts the eastern ray,
  Encamp them, and not haply without art.
  King Agramant arrives that very day,
  And tents him on the contrary part.
  But for the sun is sinking fast, forborne
  Is their encounter till the following morn.

  XXXVII
  Until the skies the dawning light receive,
  Armed servants keep their watch both there and here.
  The valiant Brandimart resorts that eve
  Thitherward, where their tents the paynims rear;
  And parleys, by this noble leader's leave,
  With Agramant; for they were friends whilere;
  And, underneath the banner of the Moor,
  He into France had passed from Africk's shore.

  XXXVIII
  After salutes, and joining hand with hand,
  Fair reasons, as a friend, the faithful knight
  Pressed on the leader of the paynim band
  Why he should not the appointed battle fight;
  And every town — restored to his command —
  Laying 'twixt Nile and Calpe's rocky height,
  Vowed he, with Roland's license, should receive,
  If upon Mary's Son he would believe.

  XXXIX
  He said: "For loved you were, and are by me,
  This counsel give I; that I deem it sane,
  Since I pursue it, you assured must be:
  Mahound I hold but as an idol vain;
  In Jesus Christ, the living God I see,
  And to conduct you in my way were fain;
  I' the way of safety fain would have you move
  With me and all those others that I love.

  XL
  "In this consists your welfare; counsel none
  Save this, in your disaster, can avail;
  And, of all counsels least, good Milo's son
  To meet in combat, clad in plate and mail;
  In that the profit, if the field be won,
  Weighs not against the loss, in equal scale.
  If you be conqueror, little gain ensues,
  Yet little loss results not, if you lose.

  XLI
  "Were good Orlando and we others slain,
  Banded with him to conquer or to die;
  Wherefore, through this, ye should your lost domain
  Acquire anew, forsooth, I see not, I;
  Nor is there reason hope to entertain
  That, if we lifeless on the champaigne lie,
  Men should be wanting in King Charles's host
  To guard in Africa his paltriest post."

  XLII
  Thus Brandimart to Afick's cavalier;
  And much would have subjoined; but, on his side,
  That knight, with angry voice and haughty cheer,
  The pagan interrupted, and replied:
  " `Tis sure temerity and madness sheer
  Moves you and whatsoever wight beside,
  That counsels matter, be it good or ill,
  Uncalled a counsellor's duty to fulfil;

  XLIII
  "And how to think, from love those counsels flow
  Which once you bore and bear me, as you say,
  (To speak the very truth) I do not know,
  Who with Orlando see you here, this day.
  I ween that, knowing you are doomed to woe,
  And marked for the devouring dragon's prey,
  Ye all mankind would drag to nether hell,
  In your eternity of pains to dwell.

  XLIV
  "If I shall win or lose, remount my throne,
  Or pass my future days in exile drear,
  God only knows, whose purpose is unknown
  To me, in turn, or to Anglantes' peer.
  Befall what may, by me shall nought be done
  Unworthy of a king, through shameful fear.
  If death must be my certain portion, I,
  Rather than wrong my princely blood, will die.

  XLV
  "Ye may depart, who, save ye better play
  The warrior, in to-morrow's listed fight,
  Then ye have plaid the embassador to-day,
  In arms will second ill Anglantes' knight."
  Agramant ended so his furious say;
  — His angry bosom boiling with despite.
  So said — the warriors parted, to repose,
  Till from the neighbouring sea the day arose.

  XLVI
  When the first whitening of the dawn was seen,
  Armed, in a moment leapt on horseback all;
  Short parley past the puissant foes between.
  There was no stop; there was no interval;
  For they have laid in rest their lances keen:
  But I into too foul a fault should fall
  Meseems, my lord, if, while their deeds I tell
  I let Rogero perish in the swell.

  XLVII
  Cleaving the flood with nimble hands and feet
  He swims, amid the horrid surges' roar,
  On him the threatening wind and tempest beat,
  But him his harassed conscience vexes more.
  Christ's wrath he fears; and, since in waters sweet
  (When time and fair occasion served of yore)
  He, in his folly, baptism little prized,
  Fears in these bitter waves to be baptized.

  XLVIII
  Those many promises remembered are
  Whereby he to his lady-love was tied,
  Those oaths which sworn to good Rinaldo were,
  And were in nought fulfilled upon his side.
  To God, in hope that he would hear and spare,
  That he repented, oftentimes he cried,
  And, should he land, and scape that mortal scaith,
  To be a Christian, vowed in heart and faith;

  XLIX
  And ne'er, in succour of the Moorish train,
  With sword or lance, the faithful to offend;
  And into France, where he to Charlemagne
  Would render honour due, forthwith to wend;
  Nor Bradamant with idle words again
  To cheat, but bring his love to honest end.
  A miracle it is that, as he vows,
  He swims more lightly and his vigour grows.

  L
  His vigour grows; unwearied is his mind;
  And still his arms from him the billow throw,
  This billow followed fast by that behind;
  Whereof one lifts him high, one sinks him low.
  Rising and falling, vext by wave and wind,
  So gains the Child that shore with labour slow;
  And where the rocky hill slopes seaward most,
  All drenched and dropping, climbs the rugged coast.

  LI
  All the others that had plunged into the flood
  In the end, o'erwhelmed by those wild waters died.
  Rogero, as to Providence seemed good,
  Mounted the solitary islet's side.
  When safe upon the barren rock he stood,
  A new alarm the stripling terrified;
  To be within those narrow bounds confined,
  And die, with hardship and with hunger pined.

  LII
  Yet he with an unconquered heart, intent
  To suffer what the heavens for him ordained,
  O'er those hard stones, against that steep ascent,
  Towards the top with feet intrepid strained;
  And not a hundred yards had gone, when, bent
  With years, and with long fast and vigil stained,
  He worthy of much worship one espied,
  In hermit's weed, descend the mountain's side;

  LIII
  Who cries, on his approaching him, "Saul, Saul,
  Why persecutest thou my faithful seed?"
  As whilom said the Saviour to Saint Paul,
  When (blessed stroke!) he smote him from his steed.
  "Thou thought'st to pass the sea, nor pay withal;
  Thought'st to defraud the pilot of his meed.
  Thou seest that God has arms to reach and smite,
  When farthest off thou deem'st that God of might."

  LIV
  And he, that holiest anchoret, pursued,
  To whom the night foregoing God did send
  A vision, as he slumbered, and foreshewed
  How, thither by his aid the Child should wend;
  Wherein his past and future life, reviewed,
  Were seen, as well as his unhappy end;
  And sons, and grandsons, and his every heir,
  Fully revealed to that good hermit were.

  LV
  That anchoret pursues, and does upbraid
  Rogero first, and comforts finally:
  Upbraideth him, because he had delaid
  Beneath that easy yoke to bend the knee;
  And what he should have done, when whilom prayed
  And called of Christ — then uncompelled and free —
  Had done with little grace; nor turned to God
  Until he saw him threatening with the rod.

  LVI
  Then comforts him — that Christ aye heaven allows
  To them, that late or early heaven desire;
  And all those labourers of the Gospel shows,
  Paid by the vineyard's lord with equal hire.
  With charity and warm devotion glows,
  And him instructs the venerable sire,
  As toward the rocky cell where he resides
  He with weak steps and slow Rogero guides.

  LVII
  Above that hallowed cell, on the hill's brow,
  A little church receives the rising day;
  Commodious is the fane and fair enow;
  Thence to the beach descends a thicket gray,
  Where fertile and fruit-bearing palm-trees blow,
  Myrtle, and lowly juniper, and bay,
  Evermore threaded by a limpid fountain,
  Which falls with ceaseless murmur from the mountain.

  LVIII
  'Twas well nigh forty years, since on that stone
  The goodly friar had fixed his quiet seat;
  Which, there to live a holy life, alone,
  For him the Saviour chose, as harbourage meet.
  Pure water was his drink, and, plucked from one,
  Or the other plant, wild berries were his meat;
  And hearty and robust, of ailments clear,
  The holy man had reached his eightieth year.

  LIX
  That hermit lit a fire, and heaped the board
  With different fruits, within his small repair;
  Wherewith the Child somedeal his strength restored,
  When he had dried his clothes and dripping hair.
  After, at better ease, to him God's word
  And mysteries of our faith expounded were;
  And the day following, in his fountain clear,
  That anchoret baptized the cavalier.

  LX
  There dwells the young Rogero, well content
  With what the rugged sojourn does allow;
  In that the friar showed shortly his intent
  To send him where he fain would turn his prow.
  Meanwhile with him he many an argument
  Handles and often; of God's kingdom now;
  Now of things appertaining to his case;
  Now to Rogero's blood, a future race.

  LXI
  The Lord, that every thing doth see and hear,
  Had to that holiest anchoret bewrayed,
  How he should not exceed the seventh year,
  Dating from when he was a Christian made;
  Who for the death of Pinabel whilere,
  (His lady's deed, but on Rogero laid)
  As well as Bertolagi's, should be slain
  By false Maganza's ill and impious train;

  LXII
  And, how that treason should be smothered so,
  No sign thereof should outwardly appear;
  For where that evil people dealt the blow,
  They should entomb the youthful cavalier.
  For this should vengeance follow, albeit slow,
  Dealt by his consort and his sister dear;
  And how he by his wife should long be sought,
  With weary womb, with heavy burden fraught,

  LXIII
  'Twixt Brenta and Athesis, beneath those hills
  (Which erst the good Antenor so contented,
  With their sulphureous veins and liquid rills,
  And mead, and field, with furrows glad indented,
  That he for these left pools which Xanthus fills;
  And Ida, and Ascanius long lamented,)
  Till she a child should in the forests bear,
  Which little distant from Ateste are;

  LXIV
  And how the Child, in might and beauty grown,
  That, like his sire, Rogero shall be hight,
  Those Trojans, as of Trojan lineage known,
  Shall for their lord elect with solemn rite;
  Who next by Charles (in succour of whose crown
  Against the Lombards shall the stripling fight)
  Of that fair land dominion shall obtain,
  And the honoured title of a marquis gain;

  LXV
  And because Charles shall say in Latin `Este',
  (That is — be lords of the dominion round!)
  Entitled in a future season Este
  Shall with good omen be that beauteous ground;
  And thus its ancient title of Ateste
  Shall of its two first letters lose the sound.
  God also to his servant had foresaid
  The vengeance taken for Rogero's dead;

  LXVI
  Who shall, in vision, to his consort true
  Appear somedeal before the dawn of day;
  And shall relate how him the traitor slew,
  And where his body lies to her shall say.
  She and Marphisa hence, those valiant two,
  With fire and sword on earth shall Poictiers lay;
  Nor shall his son, when of befitting age,
  Less harm Maganza in his mighty rage.

  LXVII
  On Azos, Alberts, Obysons, did dwell
  That hermit hoar, and on their offspring bright;
  Or Borso, Nicholas, and Leonel,
  Alphonso, Hercules, and Hippolyte,
  And. last of those, the gentle Isabel;
  Then curbs his tongue and will no more recite.
  He to Rogero what is fit reveals,
  And what is fitting to conceal, conceals.

  LXVIII
  Meanwhile Orlando and bold Brandimart,
  With that good knight, the Marquis Olivier,
  Against the paynim Mars together start;
  (Name well befitting Sericana's peer)
  And the other two — that from the adverse part,
  At more than a foot-pace their coursers steer;
  I say King Agramant and King Sobrine:
  The pebbly beach resounds, and rolling brine.

  LXIX
  When they encounter in mid field, pell-mell,
  And to the sky flew every shivered lance,
  At that loud noise, the sea was seen to swell,
  At that loud noise, which echoed even to France.
  Gradasso and Roland met as it befel;
  And fairly balanced might appear the chance,
  But for the vantage of Rinaldo's horse;
  Which made Gradasso seem of greater force.

  LXX
  Baiardo shocked the steed of lesser might,
  Backed by Orlando, with such might and main,
  He made that courser stagger, left and right,
  And measure next his length upon the plain:
  Vainly to raise him strove Anglantes' knight,
  Thrice, nay four times, with rowels and with rein;
  Balked of his end, he lights upon the field,
  Draws Balisarda, and uplifts his shield.

  LXXI
  With Agramant encounters Olivier,
  Who, fitly matched, their foaming coursers gall.
  Bold Brandimart unhorsed in the career
  Sobrino; but it was not plain withal
  If 'twas the fault of horse or cavalier;
  For seldom good Sobrino used to fall.
  Was it his courser's or his own misdeed,
  Sobrino found himself without a steed.

  LXXII
  Now Brandimart, that upon earth descried
  The king Sobrine, assailed no more his man;
  But at Gradasso, who Anglantes' pride
  Had equally unhorsed, in fury ran.
  On Agramant and Oliviero's side,
  Meanwhile the warfare stood as it began:
  When broken on their bucklers were the spears,
  With swords encountered the returning peers.

  LXXIII
  Roland who saw Gradasso in such guise,
  As showed that to return he little cared,
  — Nor can return; so Brandimart aye plies,
  And presses Sericana's monarch hard,
  Turns round, and, like himself, afoot descries
  Sobrino, in the doubtful strife unpaired:
  At him he sprang; and, at his haughty look,
  Heaven, as the warrior trod, in terror shook.

  LXXIV
  Foreseeing the assault with wary eye,
  Prepared, and at close ward, behold the Moor!
  As pilot against whom, now cresting nigh,
  The threatening billow comes with hollow roar,
  Towards it turns his prow, and, when so high
  He views the sea, would gladly be ashore.
  Sobrino rears his buckler, to withstand
  The furious fall of Falerina's brand.

  LXXV
  Of such fine steel was Balisarda's blade,
  That arms against it little shelter were;
  And by a person of such puissance swayed,
  By Roland, singe in the world or rare,
  It splits the shield, and is in nowise stayed,
  Though bound about with steel the edges are:
  It splits the shield, and to the bottom rends,
  And on the shoulder underneath descends.

  LXXVI
  Upon the shoulder; nor, though twisted chain
  And double plates encase the paynim foe,
  These hinder much that sword of stubborn grain
  From opening wide the parted flesh below.
  Sobrino at Orlando smites; but vain
  Against the valiant count is every blow;
  To whom, for special grace, the King of heaven
  A body charmed against all arms had given.

  LXXVII
  The valorous count, redoubling still his blows,
  Thought from the trunk the monarch's head to smite.
  Sobrino, who the strength of Clermont knows,
  And how the shield ill boots, retired from fight,
  Yet not so far, but that upon his brows
  Fell the dread faulchion of Anglantes' knight:
  'Twas on its flat, but such his might and main,
  It crushed the helm and stupefied the brain.

  LXXVIII
  Stunned by that furious stroke, he pressed the shore,
  And it was long ere he again did rise.
  The paladin believes the warfare o'er,
  And that deprived of life Sobrino lies;
  And, lest Gradasso to ill pass and sore
  Should bring Sir Brandimart, at him he flies:
  For him the paynim overmatched in horse,
  In arms and faulchion, and perhaps in force.

  LXXIX
  Bold Brandimart, who guides Frontino's rein,
  The goodly courser, erst Rogero's steed,
  So well contends with him of Sericane,
  The king yet little seems his foe to exceed;
  Who, if he had as tempered plate and chain
  As that bold paynim lord, would better speed;
  But (for he felt himself ill-armed) the knight
  Often gave ground, and traversed left and right.

  LXXX
  Better than good Frontino horse is none
  To obey upon a sign the cavalier;
  'Twould seem that courser had the sense to shun
  Sharp Durindana's fall, now there now here.
  Meanwhile elsewhere is horrid battle done
  By royal Agramant and Olivier;
  Who may be deemed well matched in warlike sleight,
  Nor champions differing much in martial might.

  LXXXI
  Orlando had left Sobrino (as I said)
  On earth, and against Sericana's pride,
  Desirous valiant Brandimart to aid,
  Even as he was, afoot, in fury hied:
  When, prompt to assail Gradasso with the blade,
  He, loose and walking in mid field, espied
  The goodly horse, which had Sobrino thrown;
  And bowned him straight to make the steed his own.

  LXXXII
  He seized the horse (for none the deed gainsaid)
  And took a leap, and vaulted on his prize.
  This hand the bridle grasped, and that the blade.
  Orlando's motions good Gradasso spies;
  Nor at his coming is the king dismaid;
  Who by his name the paladin defies:
  With him, and both his partners in the fight,
  He hopes to make it dark before 'tis night.

  LXXXIII
  Leaving his foe, he, facing Brava's lord,
  Thrust at the collar of his shirt of mail,
  All else beside the flesh the faulchion bored;
  To pierce through which would every labour fail.
  At the same time descends Orlando's sword,
  (Where Balisarda bites no spells avail)
  Shears helmet, cuirass, shield, and all below,
  And cleaves whate'er it rakes with headlong blow;

  LXXXIV
  And in face, bosom, and in thigh it seamed,
  Beneath his mail, the king of Sericane.
  From whom his blood till how had never streamed
  Since he that armour wore; new rage and pain
  Thereat the warrior felt, and strange it seemed
  Sword cut so now, nor yet was Durindane.
  Had Roland struck more home, or nearer been,
  From head to belly he had cleft him clean.

  LXXXV
  No more in arms can trust the cavalier
  As heretofore; for proved those arms have been:
  He with more care, more caution than whilere,
  Prepares to parry with the faulchion keen.
  When entered Brandimart sees Brava's peer,
  Who snatched that battle from him, he between
  Those other conflicts placed himself, that where
  It most was needed, he might succour bear.

  LXXXVI
  While so the fight is balanced 'mid those foes,
  Sobrino, that on earth long time had lain,
  When to himself he was returned, uprose,
  In face and shoulder suffering grievous pain.
  He lifts his face, his eyes about him throws;
  And thither, where more distant on the plain
  He sees his leader, with long paces steers
  So stealthily, that none his coming hears;

  LXXXVII
  He on the Marquis came, who had but eyes
  For Agramant, and in the warrior's rear,
  Wounded upon the hocks in such fierce wise
  The courser of unheeding Olivier,
  That he falls headlong; and beneath him lies
  His valiant master, nor his foot can clear;
  His left foot, which in that unthought for woe,
  Was in the stirrup jammed, his steed below.

  LXXXVIII
  Sorbine pursued, and with back-handed blow
  Thought he his head should from his neck have shorn;
  But this forbids that armour, bright of show,
  By Vulcan hammered, and by Hector worn.
  Brandimart sees his risque, and at the foe
  Is by his steed, with flowing bridle, borne.
  Sobrino on the head he smote and flung;
  But straight from earth that fierce old man upsprung;

  LXXXIX
  And turned anew to Olivier, to speed
  The warrior's soul more promptly on its way;
  Or at the least that baron to impede.
  And him beneath his courser keep at bay:
  Bold Olivier, whose better arm was freed,
  And with his sword could fend him as he lay,
  Meanwhile so smites and longes, there and here,
  That at sword's length he holds the ancient peer.

  XC
  He hopes, if him but little he withstood,
  He shall be straight delivered from that pain:
  He sees him wholly strained and wet with blood,
  And that he spills so much from open vein,
  'Twould seem he speedily must be subdued,
  So weak he hardly can himself sustain.
  Often and oft to rise the Marquis strove,
  Yet could not from beneath his courser move.

  XCI
  Brandimart has found out the royal Moor,
  And storms about that paynim cavalier;
  Upon Frontino, like a lathe, before,
  Beside, or whirling in the warrior's rear.
  A goodly horse the Christian champion bore;
  Nor worse the southern king's in the career:
  That Brigliador, Rogero's gift he crost,
  Erewhile, by haughty Mandricardo lost.

  XCII
  Great vantage has he, on another part:
  Of proof and perfect is his iron weed.
  His at a venture took Sir Brandimart,
  As he could have in haste in suchlike need;
  But hopes (his anger puts him so in heart)
  To change it for a better coat with speech;
  Albeit the Moorish king, with bitter blow,
  Has made the blood from his right should flow.

  XCIII
  Him in the flank Gradasso too had gored;
  (Nor this was laughing matter) so had scanned
  His vantage that redoubted paynim lord,
  He found a place wherein to plant his brand;
  He broke the warrior's shield, his left arm bored,
  And touched him slightly in the better hand.
  But this was play, was pastime (might be said),
  With Roland's and Gradasso's battle weighed.

  XCIV
  Gradasso has Orlando half disarmed;
  Atop and on both sides his helm has broke:
  Fallen is his shield, his cuirass split; but harmed
  The warrior is not by the furious stroke,
  Which opened plate and mail; for he is charmed;
  And worser vengeance on the king has wroke,
  In face, throat, breast has gored that cavalier,
  Beside the wounds whereof I spake whilere.

  XCV
  Gradasso, desperate when he descried
  Himself all wet, and smeared with sanguine dye,
  And Roland, all from head to foot espied,
  After such mighty strokes unstained and dry,
  Thinking head, breast, and belly to divide,
  With both his hands upheaved his sword on high;
  And, even as he devised, upon the front,
  Smote with mid blade Anglantes' haughty count.

  XCVI
  And would by any other so have done;
  — Would to the saddle-tree have cleft him clean:
  But the good sword, as if it fell upon
  Its flat, rebounds again, unstained and sheen.
  The furious stroke astounded Milo's son
  By whom some scattered stars on earth were seen.
  He drops the bridle and would drop the brand,
  But that a chain secures it to his hand.

  XCVII
  So by the noise was scared the horse that bore
  Upon his back Anglantes' cavalier.
  The courser scowered about the powdery shore,
  Showing how good his speed in the career:
  The County by that stroke astounded sore,
  Has not the power the frightened horse to steer.
  Gradasso follows and will reach him, so
  That he but little more pursues the foe;

  XCVIII
  But turning round, beholds the royal Moor
  To the utmost peril in that battle brought;
  For by the shining helmet which he wore,
  With the left hand, him Brandimart had caught;
  Already had unlaced the casque before,
  And with his dagger would new ill have wrought:
  Nor much defence could make the Moorish lord;
  For Brandimart as well had reft his sword.

  XCIX
  Gradasso turned, nor more Orlando sought,
  But hastened where he Agramant espied:
  The incautious Brandimart, suspecting nought
  Orlando would have let him turn aside,
  Had not Gradasso in his eyes or thought,
  And to the paynim's throat his knife applied.
  Gradasso came, and at his helmet layed,
  Wielding with either hand his trenchant blade.

  C
  Father of heaven! 'mid spirits chosen by thee,
  To him thy martyr true, a place accord;
  Who, having traversed his tempestuous sea,
  Now furls his sails in port. Ah! ruthless sword,
  So cruel, Durindana, can'st thou be,
  To good Orlando, to thine ancient lord,
  That thou can'st slaughter, in the warrior's view,
  Of all his friends the dearest and most true?

  CI
  An iron ring that girt his helmet round,
  Two inches thick, was broke by that fell blow
  And cleft; and with the solid iron bound,
  Was parted the good cap of steel below,
  Bold Brandimart, reversed upon the ground,
  With haggard face beside his horse lies low;
  And issuing widely from the warrior's head
  A stream of life-blood dyes the shingle red.

  CII
  Come to himself, the County turns his eye
  And sees his Brandimart upon the plain,
  And in such act Gradasso standing by
  As clearly shows by whom the knight was slain.
  If he most raged or grieved I know not, I,
  But such short time is left him to complain,
  His hasty wrath breaks forth, his grief gives way;
  But now 'tis time that I suspend my lay.

CANTO 42

  ARGUMENT
  The victory with Count Orlando lies;
  But good Rinaldo and Bradamant at heart,
  (One for Angelica, the other sighs
  For young Rogero) suffer cruel smart.
  Him that in chase of the Indian damsel hies
  Disdain preserves; from thence does he depart
  Towards Italy, and is with courteous cheer
  And welcome guested by a cavalier.

  I
  What bit, what iron curb is to be found,
  Or (could it be) what adamantine rein,
  That can make wrath keep order and due bound,
  And within lawful limits him contain?
  When one, to whom the constant heart is bound
  And linked by Love with solid bolt and chain,
  We see, through violence or through foul deceit,
  With mortal damage or dishonour meet.

  II
  And is the mind sometimes, if so possest,
  To ill and savage action led astray,
  It may deserve excuse; in that the breast
  No more is under Reason's sovereign sway.
  Achilles, when, beneath his borrowed crest,
  He saw Patroclus crimsoning the way,
  Was with his murderer's slaughter ill content,
  Till he his mangled corse had dragged and shent.

  III
  Unconquered Duke Alphonso, anger so
  Inflamed thy host the day that weighty stone
  Wounded thy forehead with such grievous blow,
  That all believed it to its rest was gone;
  — Inflamed them with such fury, for the foe
  In rampart, fosse, or wall, defence was none,
  Who, one and all, within their works lay dead,
  Nor wight was left the woeful news to spread.

  IV
  Seeing thy fall caused thine such mighty pain,
  They were to fury moved; hadst thou, my lord,
  Maintained thy footing, haply might thy train
  Have with less licence plied the murderous sword.
  Enough for thee thy Bastia to regain!
  In fewer hours replaced beneath thy ward,
  Then Cordova's and fierce Granada's band
  Took days erewhile, to wrest it from thy hand.

  V
  Haply Heaven's vengeance ordered what befel,
  And in that case thy wound so hindered thee
  To the end, the cruel outrage, foul and fell,
  Done by that band before, should punished be.
  For after the unhappy Vestidel,
  Wearied and hurt, had sought their clemency,
  Among them (mostly an unchristened train)
  He, mid a hundred swords, unarmed, was slain.

  VI
  To end; I say that other rage is none
  Which can be weighed with that in equal wise,
  Which kindles, when an injury is done
  To kinsman, friend or lord before our eyes.
  Then justly in Orlando's heart, for one
  So dear to him, might sudden fury rise;
  When him he saw, extended on the sand,
  Slain by the stroke of fierce Gradasso's brand.

  VII
  As nomade swain, who darting on its way
  In slippery line the horrid snake has seen,
  That his young son, amid the sands at play,
  Has killed with venomed tooth, enflamed with spleen,
  Grasps his batoon, the poisonous worm to slay;
  His sword, than every other sword more keen,
  So, in his fury grasped Anglantes' knight,
  And wreaked on Agramant his first despite,

  VIII
  Scaped, bleeding, with helm loosened form his head,
  With half a shield and swordless, through his mail,
  Sore wounded in more places than is said;
  As from the dull or envious falcon's nail,
  Escapes the unhappy sparrowhawk, half dead,
  With ruffled plumage and with loss of tail.
  On him Orlando came and smote him just
  Where with the helmed head confined the bust.

  IX
  Loosed was the helm, the neck without its band:
  So, like a rush, was severed by the sword.
  Down-fell, and shook its last upon the sand
  The heavy trunk of Libya's mighty lord.
  His spirit, which flitted to the Stygian strand,
  Charon with crooked boat-hook dragged aboard.
  On him Orlando wastes no further pain,
  But, sword in hand, seeks him of Sericane.

  X
  As the headless trunk of Africk's cavalier
  Extended on the shore Gradasso's viewed,
  (What never had befallen him whilere)
  He shook at heart, a troubled visage shewed,
  And, at the coming of Anglantes' peer,
  Presageful of his fate, appears subdued:
  Nor seeks he means of fence against his foe,
  When fierce Orlando deals the fatal blow.

  XI
  Orlando levels at his better side,
  Beneath the lowest rib, his faulchion bright;
  And crimsoned to the hilt, a hand's breadth wide
  Of the other flank, the sword appears in sight;
  And well his mighty puissance testified,
  And spoke him as the strongest living knight
  That stroke, by which a warrior was undone,
  Better than whom in Paynimry was none.

  XII
  Little his victory good Orlando cheers:
  Himself he quickly from his saddle throws;
  And, with a face disturbed, and wet with tears,
  To his Brandimart in haste the warrior goes;
  The field about him red with blood appears,
  His helmet cleft as by a hatchet's blows;
  And, had it been than spungy rind more frail,
  Would have defended him no worse than mail.

  XIII
  Orlando lifts the helmet, and descries
  Brandimart's head by that destructive brand
  Cleft even to his nose, between the eyes;
  Yet so the wounded knight his spirits manned,
  That pardon of the king of Paradise
  He, before death, was able to demand,
  And to exhort to patience Brava's peer,
  Whose manly cheeks were wet with many a tear;

  XIV
  And — "Roland, in thy helping orisons, I
  Beseech thee to remember me," he cried,
  "Nor recommend to thee less warmly my —"
  — Flordelice would, but could not, say — and died;
  And sounds and songs of angels in the sky,
  As the soul parts, are heard on every side;
  Which from its prison freed, mid hymns of love,
  Ascends into the blissful realms above.

  XV
  Orlando, albeit he should joy in heart
  At death so holy, and is certified
  That called to bliss above is Brandimart;
  For he heaven opened to the knight described;
  Through human wilfulness — which aye takes part
  With our weak senses — hardly can abide
  The loss of one, above a brother dear,
  Nor can refrain from many a scalding tear.

  XVI
  Warlike Sobrino, of much blood bereaved,
  Which from his flank and wounded visage rained,
  Long since had fallen, reversed and sore aggrieved,
  And had by now his vessels well nigh drained.
  Olivier too lies stretched; nor has retrieved,
  Nor can retrieve, his crippled foot, save sprained,
  And almost crushed; so long between the plain,
  And his stout courser jammed, the limb has lain;

  XVII
  And but Orlando helped (so woe begone
  Was weeping Olivier, and brought so low)
  He could not have released his limb alone;
  And, when released, endures such pain, such woe,
  The helpless warrior cannot stand upon,
  Or shift withal his wounded foot, and so
  Benumbed and crippled is the leg above,
  That he without assistance cannot move.

  XVIII
  The victory brought Orlando small delight;
  On whom too heavily and hardly weighed
  Of slaughtered Brandimart the piteous sight;
  Nor sure of Oliviero's life he made.
  Sobrino yet survived; but little light
  The wounded monarch had, amid much shade:
  For almost spend his ebbing life remained
  So fast from him the crimson blood had drained.

  XIX
  The County has him taken, bleeding sore;
  Thither, where he is saved with sovereign care;
  And he as if a kinsman of the Moor,
  Benignly comforts him and speaks him fair:
  For in Orlando, when the strife was o'er,
  Was nothing evil; ever prompt to spare.
  He from the dead their arms and coursers reft,
  The rest he to their knives' disposal left.

  XX
  Here as my story stood not on good ground,
  Frederick Fulgoso doubtful does appear;
  Who, searching Barbary's every shore and sound
  Erewhile on board a squadron, landed here;
  And the isle so rugged and so rocky found,
  In all its parts so mountainous and drear,
  There is not (through the land) a level space
  (He says) whereon a single boot to place.

  XXI
  Nor deems he likely, that six cavaliers,
  The wide world's flower, on Alpine rock should vye,
  In that equestrian fight, with levelled spears.
  To whose objection thus I make reply:
  Erewhile a place, well fit for such careers,
  Stretched at the bottom of the hills did lie;
  But afterwards, o'erthrown by earthquake's shock,
  A cliff o'erspread the plain with broken rock.

  XXII
  So, of Fulgoso's race thou shining ray,
  Clear, lasting light, if, questioning my word,
  Thou on this point hast ever said me nay,
  And haply too, before the unconquered lord,
  Through whom thy land, reposing, casts away
  All haste, and wholly leans to kind accord,
  Prythee delay not to declare, that I
  In this my story haply tell no lie.

  XXIII
  Meanwhile his eyes the good Orlando reared,
  And saw, on turning them to seaward, where
  Under full sail a nimble bark appeared,
  As if she to that island would repair.
  I will not now rehearse who thither steered;
  For more than one awaiteth me elsewhere.
  Wend me to France and see if they be glad
  At having chased the Saracens, or sad;

  XXIV
  See what she does withal, the lady true,
  That sees her knight content to wend so wide;
  Of the afflicted Bradamant I shew;
  After she saw the oath was nullified,
  Made in the hearing of those armies two,
  Upon the Christian and the paynim side;
  Since he again had failed her, there was nought
  Wherein she could confide, the damsel thought.

  XXV
  And now her too accustomed plaint and wail
  Repeating, of Rogero's cruelty
  Fair Bradamant renewed the wonted tale;
  She cursed her hard and evil destiny;
  Then loosening to tempestuous grief the sail,
  Heaven that consented to such perjury,
  — And did not yet by some plain token speak —
  She, in her passion, called unjust and weak.

  XXVI
  The sage Melissa she accused, and cursed
  The oracle of the cavern, through whose lie
  She in that sea of love herself immersed,
  Upon whose waters she embarked to die.
  She to Marphisa afterwards rehearsed
  Her woes, and told her brother's perfidy;
  She chides, pours forth her sorrows, and demands,
  With tears and outcries, succour at her hands.

  XXVII
  Marphisa shrugs her shoulders; what alone
  She can, she offers — comfort to the fair;
  Nor thinks Rogero her has so foregone
  But what to her he shortly will repair.
  And, should he not, such outrage to be done,
  The damsel plights her promise not to bear;
  Twixt her and him shall deadly war be waged,
  Or he shall keep the word, which he engaged.

  XXVIII
  She makes her somewhat thus her grief restrain;
  Which having vent in some sort spend its gall,
  Now we have seen the damsel in her pain
  Rogero impious, proud, and perjured call,
  See we, if in a happier state remain
  The brother of that gentle maid withal;
  Whose flesh, bones, nerves, and sinews are a prey
  To burning love; Rinaldo I would say.

  XXIX
  I say Rinaldo that (as known to you)
  Angelica the beauteous loved so well:
  Nor him into the amorous fillets drew
  So much her beauty as the magic spell.
  In peace reposed those other barons true;
  For wholly broken was the infidel:
  Alone amid the victors, he, of all
  The paladins, remained Love's captive thrall.

  XXX
  To seek her he a hundred couriers sent,
  And sought as well, himself, the missing maid:
  He in the end to Malagigi went,
  Who in his need had often given him aid:
  To him he told his love, with eyelids bent
  On earth, and visage crimsoned o'er; and prayed
  That sage magicians to instruct him, where
  He in the world might find the long-sought fair.

  XXXI
  A case, so strange and wondrous, marvel sore
  In friendly Malagigi's bosom bred:
  The wizard knew, a hundred times and more,
  He might have had the damsel in his bed;
  And he himself, to move the knight or yore,
  In her behalf, enough had done and said:
  Had him by prayer and menace sought to bend,
  Yet ne'er was able to obtain his end;

  XXXII
  And so much more, that out of prison ward
  He then would Malagigi so have brought.
  Now will he seek her, of his own accord,
  On less occasion, when it profits nought.
  Next that magician Montalbano's lord
  To mark how sorely do had erred, besought:
  Since little lacked, but through the boon denied,
  Erewhile he had in gloomy dungeon died.

  XXXIII
  But how much more Rinaldo's strange demand
  Sounded importunately in his ear,
  So by sure index Malagigi scanned,
  That so much was Angelica more dear.
  Rinaldo prayer unable to withstand,
  In ocean sunk the wizard cavalier
  All memory of old injury assaid,
  And bowned himself to give the warrior aid.

  XXXIV
  For his reply he craved some small delay,
  And with fair hope consoled Mount Alban's knight,
  He should be able of the road to say
  By which Angelica had sped her flight,
  In France or wheresoe'er; then wends his way
  Thither where he is wont his imps to cite;
  A grot impervious and with mountains walled:
  His book he opened and the spirits called.

  XXXV
  Then one he chooses, in love-cases read,
  Whom Malagigi to declare requires,
  How good Rinaldo's heart, before so died,
  Was now so quickly moved by soft desires;
  And of those fountains twain (the demon said)
  Whereof one lights, one quenches amorous fires;
  And how nought cures the mischief caused by one
  But that whose streams in counter current run;

  XXXVI
  And says, Rinaldo, having drunk whilere
  From the love-chasing fountain's mossy urn,
  To Angelica, that long had wooed the peer,
  Had shown himself so obstinate and stern;
  And he, whom after his ill star did steer
  To drink of that which makes the bosom burn,
  Her whom but just before he loathed above
  All reason, by that draught was forced to love.

  XXXVII
  Him his ill star and cruel fate conveyed
  To swallow fire and flame i' the frozen lake:
  For nigh at the same time the Indian maid
  In the other bitter stream her thirst did slake;
  Which in her bosom so all love allayed,
  Henceforth she loathed him more than noisome snake;
  He loved her, and such love was his, as late
  Rinaldo bore her enmity and hate.

  XXXVIII
  Of this strange story fully certified
  Was Malagigi by the demon's lore;
  Who news as well of Angelique supplied;
  How yielding up herself to a young Moor,
  With him embarking on the unstable tide,
  She had abandoned Europe's every shore;
  And hoisting her bold canvas to the wind,
  In Catalonian galley loosed for Ind.

  XXXIX
  Rinaldo seeking out the sage anew
  For his reply — he would dissuade the knight
  From loving more that Indian lady, who
  Now waited on a vile barbarian wight;
  And was so distant he could ill pursue;
  If he would chase the damsel on her flight,
  Who must have measured than half her way
  Homeward, with young Medoro to Catay.

  XL
  In that bold lover no displeasure deep
  The journey of Angelica would move;
  Nor yet would mar or break the warrior's sleep
  To think that he again must eastward rove:
  But that a stripling Saracen should reap
  The first fruits of that faithless lady's love
  In him such passion bred, such heart-ache sore,
  He never in his life so grieved before.

  XLI
  No power hath he to make one sole reply;
  His heart, his lip, is quivering with disdain;
  His tongue no word is able to untie;
  His mouth is bitter, and 'twould seem with bane.
  He flung from the magician suddenly,
  And, as by fury stirred and jealous pain,
  He after mighty plaint and mighty woe
  Resolved anew to eastern realms to go.

  XLII
  Licence he asks of Pepin's royal son,
  Upon the ground, since with his courser dear
  To Sericane is King Gradasso gone,
  Against the use of gallant cavalier,
  Him honour moves the selfsame course to run,
  In the end he may prevent the paynim peer
  From ever vaunting, that with sword or lance
  He took him from a Paladin of France.

  XLIII
  Charles gives him leave to go; though, far and nigh,
  With him all France laments he thence should wend;
  But he in fine that prayer can ill deny,
  So honest seems the worthy warrior's end.
  Him Dudon, Guido, would accompany;
  But he refuses either valiant friend:
  From Paris he departs, and wends alone,
  Plunged in his grief and heaving many a groan.

  XLIV
  Ever in memory dwells the restless thought,
  He might a thousand times have had the fair;
  And — mad and obstinate — had, when besought,
  A thousand times refused such beauty rare;
  And such sweet joy was whilom set at nought,
  Such bright, such blessed moments wasted were;
  And now he life would gladly give away
  To have that damsel but for one short day.

  XLV
  The thought will never from his mind depart,
  How for a sorry footpage she could slight,
  — Flinging their merit and their love apart —
  The service of each former loving wight.
  Vext by such thought, which racked and rent his heart,
  Rinaldo wends towards the rising light:
  He the straight road to Rhine and Basle pursued,
  Till he arrived in Arden's mighty wood.

  XLVI
  When within that adventurous wood has hied
  For many a mile Montalban's cavalier,
  Of lonely farm or lordly castle wide,
  Where the rude place was roughest and most drear,
  The sky disturbed he suddenly descried,
  He saw the sun's dimmed visage disappear,
  And spied forth issuing from a cavern hoar
  A monster, which a woman's likeness wore.

  XLVII
  A thousand lidless eyes are in her head:
  She cannot close them, nor, I think, doth sleep:
  She listens with as many ears, and spread
  Like hair, about her forehead serpents creep.
  Forth issued into day that figure dread
  From devilish darkness and the caverned deep.
  For tail, a fierce and bigger serpent wound
  About her breast, and girt the monster round.

  XLVIII
  What in a thousand, thousand quests had ne'er
  Befal'n Rinaldo, here befel the knight;
  Who, when he sees the horrid form appear,
  Coming to seek him and prepared for fight,
  Feels in his inmost veins such freezing fear,
  As haply never fell on other wight;
  Yet wonted daring counterfeits and feigns,
  And with a trembling hand the faulchion strains.

  XLIX
  The monster so the fierce assault did make
  Therein her master was well descried,
  It might be said; she shook a poisonous snake,
  And now on this, now on the other side,
  Leapt at the knight; at her Rinaldo strake
  Ever meanwhile with random blows and wide;
  With forestroke, backstroke, he assails the foe;
  He often smites, but never plants a blow.

  L
  The monster threw a serpent at his breast,
  That froze his heart beneath its iron case:
  Now through the vizor flung the poisonous pest,
  Which crept about his collar and his face.
  Dismaid, Rinaldo fled the field, and prest
  With all his spurs his courser through the chase:
  But not behind the hellish monster halts,
  Who in a thought upon the crupper vaults.

  LI
  Wend where the warrior will, an-end or wide,
  Ever with him is that accursed Pest:
  Nor knows he how from her to be untied,
  Albeit his courser plunges without rest.
  Like a leaf quakes his heart within his side,
  Not that the snakes in other mode molest,
  But they such horror and such loathing bred,
  He shrieks, he groans, and gladly would be dead.

  LII
  By gloomiest track and blindest path he still
  Threaded the tangled forest here and there;
  By thorniest valley and by roughest hill,
  And wheresoever darkest was the air;
  Thus hoping to have rid him of that ill,
  Hideous, abominable, poisonous Care;
  Beneath whose gripe he foully might have fared,
  But that one quickly to his aid repaired.

  LIII
  But aid, and in good time, a horseman bore,
  Equipt with arms of beauteous steel and clear:
  For crest, a broken yoke the stranger wore;
  Red flames upon his yellow shield appear:
  So was the courser's housing broidered o'er,
  As the proud surcoat of the cavalier.
  His lance he grasped, his sword was in its place,
  And at his saddle hung a burning mace.

  LIV
  That warrior's mace a fire eternal fills,
  Whose lasting fuel ever blazes bright;
  And goodly buckler, tempered corslet thrills,
  And solid helm; then needs the approaching knight
  Must make him way, wherever 'tis his will
  To turn his inextinguishable light.
  Nor of less help in need Rinaldo stands,
  To save him from the cruel monster's hands.

  LV
  The stranger horseman, like a warrior bold,
  Where he that hubbub hears, doth thither swoop,
  Until he sees the beast, whose snakes enfold
  Rinaldo, linked in many a loathsome loop,
  Who sweats at once with heat and quakes with cold,
  Nor can he thrust the monster from his croup.
  Arrived the stranger smote her in the flank,
  Who on the near side of the courser sank:

  LVI
  But scarcely was on earth extended, ere
  She rose and shook her snakes in volumed spire.
  The knight no more assails her with the spear;
  But is resolved to plague the foe with fire:
  He gripes the mace and thunders in her rear
  With frequent blows, like tempest in its ire;
  Nor leaves a moment to that monster fell
  To strike one stroke in answer, ill or well;

  LVII
  And, while he chases her or holds at bay,
  Smites her and venges many a foul affront,
  Counsels the paladin, without delay,
  To take the road which scales the neighbouring mount:
  He took that proffered counsel and that way,
  And without stop, or turning back his front,
  Pricked furiously till he was out of sight;
  Though hard to clamber was the rugged height.

  LVIII
  The stranger, when he to her dark retreat
  Had driven from upper light that beast of hell
  (Where she herself doth ever gnaw and eat,
  While from her thousand eyes tears ceaseless well)
  Followed the knight, to guide his wandering feet;
  And overtook him on the highest swell;
  Then placed himself beside the cavalier
  Him from those dark and gloomy parts to steer.

  LIX
  When him returned beheld Montalban's knight,
  That countless thanks were due to him, he said,
  And that at all times, as a debt of right,
  His life should be for his advantage paid.
  Of him he next demands, how he is hight,
  That he may know and tell who brought him aid;
  And among worthy warriors, and before
  King Charles, exalt his prowess evermore.

  LX
  The stranger answered: "Let it irk not thee
  That I not now my name to thee display;
  Ere longer by a yard the shadows be,
  This will I signify; a short delay."
  Wending together, they a river see
  Whose murmurs woo the traveller from his way,
  And shepherd-swain, by whiles, to their green brink;
  There an oblivion of their love to drink.

  LXI
  My lord, that fountain's chilling stream and clear
  Extinguished love; Angelica of yore
  Drinking thereof, for good Montalban's peer
  Conceived that hate she nourished evermore;
  And if she once displeased the cavalier,
  And he to her such passing hatred bore,
  For this no other cause occasion gave,
  My lord, save drinking of this chilly wave.

  LXII
  Arriving at that limpid river's side,
  The cavalier that with Rinaldo goes,
  Reined-in his courser, how with toil, and cried,
  "Here 'twere not ill, meseemeth, to repose."
  — "It cannot but be well" (the peer replied),
  "Because, beside that mid-day fiercely glows,
  I have so suffered from that hideous Pest,
  As sweet and needful shall I welcome rest."

  LXIII
  Upon the green sward lit the martial two,
  While their loose horses through the forest fed;
  And from their brows the burnished helmets threw
  On that flowered herbage, yellow, green, and red.
  Rinaldo to the liquid crystal flew,
  By heat and thirst unto the river sped;
  And with one draught of that cold liquid drove
  Out of his burning bosom thirst and love.

  LXIV
  Whenas Rinaldo, sated with the draught,
  Raising his head the stranger knight espied,
  And saw that he, repentant, every thought
  Of that so frantic love had put aside,
  He reared himself, and said with semblance haught
  That which he would not say before, and cried:
  "Rinaldo, know that I am hight Disdain,
  Bound hither but to break thy worthless chain."

  LXV
  So saying, suddenly he passed from sight;
  With him his horse: this in Rinaldo bred
  Much wonderment; and the astonished knight,
  "Where is he?" gazing round about him, said.
  He cannot guess if 'twere a magic sprite,
  A fiend by Malagigi thither sped,
  From those his ministers, to break the chain,
  Fettered whereby he lived so long in pain;

  LXVI
  Of if an angel from the heavenly sphere
  In his ineffable goodness by the Lord,
  Dispatched, as to Tobias's aid whilere,
  A medicine for his blindness to afford.
  But good or evil angel — whatsoe'er
  He was that him to liberty restored —
  Him thanked and praised Rinaldo, for a heart
  Healed only by his help of amorous smart.

  LXVII
  Old hate revived upon Rinaldo's side;
  Nor he alone unworthy to be wooed,
  The damsel deemed by pilgrimage so wide
  Her half a league he would not have pursued.
  Nathless anew Baiardo to bestride
  To Sericane would go that warrior good:
  As well because his honour him compelled,
  As for the talk which he with Charles had held.

  LXVIII
  He pricked to Basle upon the following day,
  Whither the tidings had arrived before:
  That Count Orlando was, in martial fray,
  To meet Gradasso and the royal Moor:
  Nor through Orlando was divulged that say:
  But one, who crost from the Sicilian shore,
  And thither had, in haste, the journey made,
  As certain news, the tidings had conveyed.

  LXIX
  Rinaldo had gladly been at Roland's side,
  And from that battle far himself doth see:
  Every ten miles he changes horse and guide,
  And whips and spurs, and makes his courser flee.
  He crost the Rhine at Constance, forward hied,
  He traversed Alp, arrived in Italy,
  He left Verona, Mantua, in his rear,
  And reached and past the Po, with swift career.

  LXX
  Much towards eve already sloped the sun,
  And the first star was glimmering in the sky,
  When, doubting on the bank if he shall run
  Another course, or in some hostel lie
  Until the shades of night and vapours dun
  Before Aurora's beauteous visage fly,
  A cavalier approaching him he viewed,
  Who courtesy in face and semblance shewed.

  LXXI
  He, after greeting him, if he were tied
  In wedlock, made in gentle wise demand.
  Rinaldo, wondering what the quest implied,
  Made answer: "I am bound in nuptial band."
  — "I joy thereat," the cavalier replied;
  Then, that he might this saying understand,
  Added, "I pray that you, sir knight, within
  My mansion will this eve be pleased to inn.

  LXXII
  "For I will make you see what must please
  A wight" (pursued the stranger) "that is wed."
  Rinaldo, as well that he would take his ease,
  — But this, with so long posting sore bested —
  As that to see and hear strange novelties
  By natural desire he still was led,
  His offer takes, and enters a new road,
  Following that cavalier to his abode.

  LXXIII
  A bowshot from the way diverged the two,
  And a great palace fronting them descried:
  Whence squires with blazing lights (a numerous crew)
  Issued, and chased the darkness far and wide.
  Entering, his eyes around Rinaldo threw,
  And saw a place, whose like is seldom spied,
  Of beauteous fabric, and well ordered plan;
  Nor such huge cost befitted private man.

  LXXIV
  Of serpentine and of hard porphyry are
  The stones which form the gateway's arch above.
  Of bronze the portal leaves, which figures bear,
  Whose lively features seem to breathe and move.
  Beneath the vaulted entry, colours rare
  Cheating the eye, in mixt mosaic strove,
  The quadrangle within was galleried,
  And of a hundred yards, on every side.

  LXXV
  A gateway is there to each galleried row,
  And, twixt it and that gate, an arch is bent;
  Of equal breadth, but different in their show,
  For the architect had spared not ornament.
  Each arch an entrance was; up which might go
  A laden horse; so easy the ascent.
  To arch above leads every stair withal,
  And every arch is entrance to a hall.

  LXXVI
  Above, project the arches in such sort,
  They for the spacious portals form a shade;
  And each two pillars has for its support:
  Of bronze are some, and some of marble made.
  The ornamented chambers of the court
  Too many are to be at length displayed;
  With easements, which (beside what is in sight)
  The skilful master underground had dight.

  LXXVII
  Tall columns, with their capitals of gold,
  Which gemmed entablatures support in air;
  Exotic marbles engraved with figures fair;
  Picture and cast, and works so manifold,
  Albeit by night they mostly hidden were,
  Showed that two kings' united treasure ne'er
  Would have sufficed such gorgeous pile to rear.