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Our Vanishing Wild Life: Its Extermination and Preservation

Chapter 411: [Page 402]
By William T. Hornaday
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Environmental IssuesHistory - AmericanNature/Gardening/Animals

About This Book

Aimed at sounding an urgent alarm about widespread wildlife loss, the author documents the rapid decline and near-extermination of many regional birds, mammals, and fishes, blaming unregulated shooting, commercial plume and fur trades, habitat destruction, and inadequate laws. He supports these claims with statistics, case studies, maps, and photographs that highlight failures of existing protections and the influence of hunting interests on legislation. The work combines vivid accounts of depletion with practical prescriptions—stronger statutes, reserves and wardens, enforcement, and public education—framed as civic duties to preserve remaining wild life for future generations.

INDEX
[A] [B] [C] [D] [E] [F] [G] [H] [I] [J] [K] [L] [M] [N] [O] [P] [Q] [R] [S] [T] [U] [V] [W] [X] [Y] [Z]


  1. Abundance of wild life, 1
  2. Accuracy, value of, in campaigning, 262
  3. Acklen, J. H., 252
  4. Actinomycosis, 82, 83
  5. Adams, Cyrus C., on the lion, 183
  6. Adirondack State Park, 347
  7. Adjutant, 123
  8. Africa,
    1. big game of, 181
    2. game preserves in, 364, 367
    3. rinderpest in, 83
    4. "soon to be shot out", 206
  9. African big game disappearing, 187
  10. African game that needs exemption, 383
  11. Agriculture, Department of, 208, 212
  12. Aigrette, 120
  13. Akeley, C. E., 186
  14. Alabama, 42, 46, 49, 106
    1. deer killed in, 172
    2. laws of, 268
  15. Alabama Game Commissioner, 252
  16. Alaska, 46
    1. brown bears of, 178
    2. new laws needed in, 264
    3. game of, 270
    4. Sitka National Monument in, 344
  17. Alaska—Yukon region, 157
  18. Albatross, steamer, seals taken by, 40
  19. Albatrosses, Laysan, 138, 140
  20. Alberta, 45, 51, 158, 162, 165
    1. at fault on antelope-shooting, 351
    2. laws of parks of, 352
  21. Alden, M.P., Percy, 135
  22. Algonquin National Park, 351
  23. Aliens,
    1. game wardens killed by, 103
    2. prohibited from owning firearms, 103
    3. slaughter of song-birds by, 100
  24. Altai Mountains of western China, 190
  25. American Bison Society, 180
  26. American Game Protective and Propagation Association, 257, 395
  27. "American Natural History" on hawks and owls, 224, 395
  28. American, North, Fish and Game Protective Association, 385
  29. American private game preserves, 358
  30. Amsterdam, 120
  31. Animallai Hills to-day and in 1877, 188
  32. "Animal Life in Africa," on status of settlers, 365
  33. Animals,
    1. predatory, 73
    2. caught by cats, 73
    3. wild, may become nuisances, 234
  34. Antelope,
    1. prong-horned, 2
    2. attempts to transplant, 163
    3. in Alberta, 51
    4. in Montana, 287
    5. in Nevada, 288
    6. in Texas, 51
    7. in Wyoming, 51
    8. lumpy jaw in, 83, 84
    9. physical weakness of, 160
    10. present status of, 159
    11. preserve in Montana, 2
    12. wrong to kill, 351
  35. Anthony bill for migratory birds, 267, 306
  36. Antelopes, African, for the South, 242
  37. Aphis devouring potato-tops, 213
  38. Apple crop, losses on, 210
  39. Aquarium, West Indian seals in, 39
  40. Areas inhabitatcd by big game, 157
  41. Argali, Siberian, 191
  42. Arizona, 42, 46
    1. new laws needed in, 270
    2. national monuments in, 344
  43. Arizona elk exterminated, 35
  44. Arkansas, 42, 106
    1. new laws needed in, 270
  45. Army of Defense, 248, 257
  46. Army of Destruction, 54, 59
  47. Army worm, 221
  48. Arnold, Craig D., 43
  49. Ashe, T. J., 133
  50. Asia, future of big game of, 188
  51. Asiatic game that should be close-seasoned, 383
  52. Askins, Charles, article in Recreation by, 107
  53. Association in Pennsylvania fighting Game Commission, 245
  54. Association, Wool-Growers, fighting antelope preserve, 2, 348
  55. Astley, Hubert D., 94
  56. Atkinson, George, 86
  57. Atlanta Journal, 106
  58. Audubon Societies, National Association of, 28, 254, 256, 291, 395
  59. Auk, Great, 9, 10
  60. Austrians in Minnesota, 49
  61. Australia,
    1. animal pests in, 331, 332
    2. game preserves in, 364
  62. Automatic and pump shot-guns, 61, 65, 144
    1. campaign against, won in New Jersey, 289
    2. denounced by organizations, 152
    3. use of, prohibited by law, 152
  63. Automobile, use of, in hunting forbidden, 60
  64. Automobiles detrimental to wild life, 293
  65. Avare, Game Warden Henry, 49, 159, 287
  66. Avery, Carlos, 341
  67. Avery Island, La., robin slaughter at, 108
  68. Avicultural Magazine, 94
  69. Avocet, 230


  1. Bag insects, 213
  2. Bag limit,
    1. in Africa, 181, 186
    2. a delusion, 60, 66
    3. Alberta, 355
    4. British Columbia, 356
    5. Manitoba, 357
    6. Saskatchewan, 357
  3. Baird, Spencer F., 329
  4. Baker, Frank, 180
  5. Bancroft, W.F., 50
  6. Barber, Charles, 52
  7. Barren grounds of the Arctic regions, 157
  8. Baynard, Oscar E., 28
  9. Bayne law
    1. against sale of game in New York, 68
    2. bill, 252, 257
    3. breeding game under, 370
    4. genesis of, 307
  10. Beal, F.E.L., 222
  11. Bear,
    1. black, in South Carolina, 150, 179
    2. grizzly, ethics of hunting the, 176
    3. almost gone from United States, 178
    4. California grizzly, 41
  12. Bears,
    1. Alaskan brown, 178
    2. alleged damages by, 178
    3. grizzly, bag limit demanded on, 356
    4. in Yellowstone Park, estimated, 336
    5. killed by Forestry Bureau, 70
    6. of Yellowstone Park, 313
  13. Beard, Daniel C.
    1. cartoon by, 55
    2. on bird destruction, 77
  14. Beaver in New Brunswick, 52
  15. Bedford, Duke of, David's deer saved by, 36
  16. Beebe, C. William, 69, 93, 115, 192
    1. chapter written by, 195
  17. Bell, Rudolph, 102
  18. Bell, W.B., 44, 50
  19. Berlin feather trade, 120
  20. Beyer, G.E., 48
  21. Big Horn Game Preserve, 349
  22. Biological Survey, 388
    1. on duck disease, 87
    2. work of, 249
    3. on wood-duck, 28
  23. Biology, Elementary, by Peabody and Hunt, 376
  24. Bird, Charles S., 343
  25. Bird boxes distributed by J.M. Phillips, 381
  26. Bird Day in various states, 378
  27. Bird Refuges, National, full list of, 345
  28. Birds,
    1. becoming extinct in North America, 17
    2. feeding in winter, 227
    3. killed
      1. by cats, 73
      2. by dogs, 76
      3. by foxes, 332
      4. by mongoose, 333
      5. by negroes, 105
      6. by telephone wires, 77
      7. by wild animals, 77
    4. destruction of, in Far East, 195
    5. extinct, 9, 15
    6. food habits of certain, 218
    7. extinct in North America, 7
    8. in distress, 82
    9. killed in New York City, 101
    10. list of, that devour codling moth, 215
    11. threatened with extermination, 18
  29. Bird skins purchased in London, 116, 135
  30. Bishop, Dr. Louis B., 98
  31. Bison, American,
    1. now living, 180
    2. last of Colorado, killed, 69, 272
    3. Yellowstone Park, 337
    4. wild, in Yellowstone Park, 336
    5. value of, 2
  32. Bison herd, Wichita National, 179
  33. Bison ranges created, 249
  34. Bison ranges, National:
    1. in United States, 180
    2. in Canada, 180
  35. Bison Society, American, 395
    1. proposes National herd, 342
  36. Beaman, D.C., 273
  37. Blackbird, Crow, 222
  38. Blackbirds,
    1. destroy cotton-boll weevil, 217
    2. killed as "game", 105
  39. Black-Snake, Pilot, 81
  40. Blair, Dr. W. Reid, 84, 85, 86
  41. Blaubok, extinct, 35
  42. Blauvelt, George A., 251, 281
  43. Blesbok in Cape Colony, 185
  44. Blinding decoy birds, 12, 97
  45. Blooming Grove Park, 359
  46. Bluebirds killed by cold weather, 9
  47. Blue Mountain Forest Association, 343
  48. Bontebok in Cape Colony, 185
  49. Bob-White, food habits of, 219
  50. Boone and Crockett Club, 152, 161, 256, 383, 395
  51. Boston Society of Natural History, 390
  52. Bowdish, B.S., 50
  53. Boxes for birds distributed, 381
  54. Boy Scouts of America, appeal to, 32
  55. Bradley, Guy M., killed by a plume-hunter, 26, 27
  56. Brazil, birds' plumage from, 122
  57. Breeding,
    1. ducks in captivity, 373
    2. game and fur in captivity, 369, 374
  58. Breeding wild animals need seclusion, 322
  59. Brett, Lieut.-Col. L.M., animal census from, 336
  60. Brewster, William, 24, 43, 48
  61. Brimley, H.H. and C.S., 44, 50
  62. Bringing back
    1. birds and game, 313, 323
    2. vanishing species, 322
  63. British Columbia, 45, 51, 157, 158, 162, 165
    1. game conditions in, 356
    2. game preserves in, 353
  64. British East Africa, remarkable bag "limit" in, 181, 186
  65. Bronx River, ducks killed by pollution of, 92
  66. Brooklyn Institute, 390
  67. Brooks, Earle A., 51
  68. Brown, William Harvey, at Salisbury, 184
  69. Brown, William P., 51
  70. Bryan, W.A., 137, 139
  71. Buckland, James, 125, 135, 136
  72. Buckskin Mountain, 343
  73. Buffalo Academy of Sciences, 390
  74. Buffalo in Cape Colony, 185
  75. Buffalo, American,
    1. now living, 180
    2. see Bison
  76. Buffalo Park, Alberta, 352
  77. Bunting, Snow, 8, 58
    1. killed for food, 68
  78. Burnham, John B., 251, 252, 257, 290
    1. portrait of, 251
  79. Burtch, Verdi., 93
  80. Bustard being exterminated, 119
  81. Butcher bird, 80
  82. Butler, A.L., 247
  83. Butler, Amos W., 43, 47


  1. California, 42, 47, 59, 65, 106, 165
    1. grizzlies, 178
    2. new laws needed in, 271
    3. Academy of Sciences, 391
    4. National monuments of, 344
    5. State Game Preserve, 349
    6. University of, 390
  2. Call, San Francisco, 263
  3. Calliste, Superb, 115
  4. Camp-Fire Club of America, 152, 256, 353, 384
    1. code of ethics of, 384
  5. Camp-Fire Club of Detroit, 338, 385
  6. Campion, C, 14
  7. Camp laborers as game destroyers, 71
  8. Canada, 45
    1. game laws and preserves in, 350
  9. Cape Province, South Africa, big game in, 185
  10. Carbonell, E.T., 46
  11. Caribou, 83
    1. in Nova Scotia, 52
    2. in general, status of, 173
    3. killed for their tongues, 46, 269
    4. Osborn, 357
    5. slaughtered and wasted, in Quebec, 70
  12. Caribou disease, 83
  13. Carleton, L.T., 283
  14. Carnegie Institute of Washington, 391
  15. Carrick, Penn., bird day at, 379
  16. Cartridges, estimated annual production of, 150
  17. Cat and its victim, 76
  18. Cats, birds destroyed by, 73, 81
  19. Caterpillars eaten by shore-birds, 231
  20. Caton, John Dean, 359
  21. Cause, choice of a, 258
  22. Cedar Bird, eaten as "game", 106
  23. Cereals, losses on, from insects, 212
  24. Corbin bison herd, 342
  25. Chambers, Fred. W., 51
  26. Chamois, slaughter of protected, in Switzerland, 321
  27. Chapman, Arthur., 45, 50
  28. Charles, Salem D., 253
  29. Cheney, Henry W., 240
  30. Chicago Academy of Sciences, 391
  31. Chicago
    1. as a plague-spot for sale of game, 280
    2. devours Norway ptarmigan, 69
    3. University of, 392
  32. Chimpanzee, 187
  33. China
    1. barren of wild life, 192
    2. raked and scraped for ducks, 69
  34. Chinch-bug, 209, 210
  35. Chinese now buyers of game, 198
  36. Christian, L.T., 51
  37. Cigarette beetle, 212
  38. Cincinnati Zoological Gardens, 11
  39. Clark, J.C., 50
  40. Clark, W.A., 231
  41. Claxton, Dr. P.P., on Tennessee robin slaughter, 107
  42. Clergy, Italian, duty of, 103
  43. Cleveland-Cliffs Iron Co., 371
  44. Close season law in New York, 90
  45. Close season,
    1. at discretion, 89
    2. long, needed, 62
  46. Clubs opposed to automatic guns, 153
  47. Coccidiosus, intestinal, in ducks, 87
  48. Cock of the Rock, 113
  49. Codling moth, birds that devour the, 215
  50. Cold storage of game in New York, 68
  51. Cold storage warehouses and steamers in China, 200
  52. Collier's Weekly, 263
  53. Colonist, Victoria, 263
  54. Colorado, 42, 47, 59, 71
    1. new laws needed in, 272
    2. game-breeding laws of, 369
    3. national monuments of, 344
  55. Comity between states, lack of, 266
  56. Commission, New York Conservation, 252
  57. Commissions, State Game, 250
  58. Comparative Zoology, Museum of, 390
  59. Condor, California, 21, 22, 119, 123
  60. Conference of Powers on African wild life, 364
  61. Congo Free State, 187
  62. Congress, 267
    1. acts of, for wild life, 249
    2. creates National Bison Range, 342, 343
    3. creates National monuments, 344
    4. saves the starving elk, 338
  63. Connaught National Park, 355
  64. Connecticut, 42, 47, 59, 106
    1. new laws needed in, 275
    2. protects wood-duck, 28
  65. Conrad bison herd, 342
  66. Conrad, Charles H., 340
  67. Corbin, Austin, 360
    1. deer sold by, 371
  68. Cormorant, Pallas, 9, 11
  69. Corn and hogs, and wild life protection, 281
  70. Corn, losses on, 208, 212
  71. Corn-root worm, 208
  72. Cornell University, 392
  73. Cotton-boll weevil, 215, 216, 221
  74. Cotton,
    1. loss on, 210, 212, 215
    2. rise in price of, affects birds, 110
  75. Cougars destroyed in British Columbia, 356
  76. Country Life in America, 372
  77. Cox, J.D., 50
  78. Coyotes, 53
    1. destroyed, 79
    2. destroyed in British Columbia, 356
  79. Crandall, L.S., on breeding mallard duck, 373
  80. Cranes in Alberta, 355
  81. Crane, Whooping, 18
  82. Crater Lake National Park, 343
  83. Crayfishes eaten by shore-birds, 231
  84. Credit for work done, 264
  85. Cree Indians, 8
  86. Crow, ducklings destroyed by, 80
  87. Crow, F.L., robins slaughtered by, 106
  88. Cruelty
    1. of "aigrette" hunters, 130
    2. of albatross killers, 141
  89. Cuppy, W.B., deer raised by, 171
  90. Curculio, 210
  91. Curlew,
    1. Eskimo, 9, 14, 228
    2. long-billed, 18
  92. Currituck County wild-fowl slaughter, 292, 311
  93. Currituck Sound, N.C., 64, 134
  94. Cuthbert Rookery, 131
  95. Cut-worm, 209, 221