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Practical pathology

Chapter 4: LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
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About This Book

The manual provides step-by-step guidance for performing autopsies and laboratory pathology techniques, presenting a composite autopsy method drawn from established approaches to maximize speed, completeness, and logical sequence. It pairs procedural instruction with region-by-region points for recognizing pathologic changes and condensed special pathology suitable for learners. A second part updates microscopic and embedding techniques, favoring paraffin embedding and a combined celloidin-sheet method, and presents selected original procedures. Practical advice on specimen handling, staining, and sectioning is included, along with pedagogical recommendations that emphasize learning through independent analysis of unknown cases to develop diagnostic judgment.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

Figure Page
1. Large section, or cartilage knives 10
2. Scalpels 10
3. Long section knife 11
4. Myelotome 11
5. Autopsy scissors of various types 12
6. Enterotome 13
7. Costotome 13
8. Large autopsy saw 13
9. Small autopsy saw 14
10. Hey’s saw 14
11. Luer’s rhachiotome 14
12. T-chisel or skull-opener 14
13. Hatchet chisel 14
14. Straight bone chisel 14
15. Brunetti chisels 15
16. Steel hammer 15
17. Wooden mallet 15
18. Forceps 15
19. Bone-forceps 16
20. Bone-nippers 16
21. Probe 16
22. Blow-pipe 16
23. Hand bone-drill 17
24. Needles 18
25. Brass measuring-stick 18
26. Author’s method of removing skull-cap 65
27. Skull-cap after removal, showing interlocking joint 67
28. Method of examination of brain (after Nauwerck) 71
29. Section of brain. Ventricles opened (after Nauwerck) 72
30. Method of Pitres 75
31. Base of cranium after removal of brain (after Nauwerck) 79
32. Incisions for examination of orbit, ear and nose 80
33. Tympanic cavity after removal of tegmen (after Politzer) 81
34. Sagittal section through left middle ear, outer half (after Politzer) 84
35. Sagittal section through left middle ear, inner half (after Politzer) 84
36. The main incision completed (after Nauwerck) 97
37. Method of disarticulating sternoclavicular articulation (after Nauwerck) 101
38. Section of left ventricle and auricle (after Nauwerck) 108
39. Removal of heart (after Nauwerck) 112
40. Section of right auricle and ventricle, Nauwerck method 114
41. Incision for opening of aortic ring (after Nauwerck) 115
42. Section of left lung (after Nauwerck) 118
43. Section of right lung (after Nauwerck) 119
44. Removal of neck organs (after Nauwerck) 132
45. Section of male pelvic organs (after Nauwerck) 162
46. Section of female pelvic organs (after Nauwerck) 164
47. Method of opening abdomen of new-born (after Nauwerck) 178
48. Section of pulmonary artery in new-born (after Nauwerck) 179
49. Method of demonstrating Béclard center (after Nauwerck) 180
50. A satisfactory microscope for the working laboratory 202
51. A good practical microtome 206
52. Cathcart freezing microtome 212
53. Carbonic-acid freezing microtome, Becker model 213
54. Bardeen freezing microtome 214
55. Knife for Bardeen freezing microtome 215