Prisoners of War in Britain 1756 to 1815 / A record of their lives, their romance and their sufferings

INDEX

Abergavenny, 281, 298, 363–4, 383, 393, 423.
Admiralty, controlling exchange of prisoners, 26, 30;
- responsible for safety of prisoners, 106, 110, 279, 354, 366, 368–9, 383, 385, 392, 406;
- responsible for well-being of prisoners, 5, 16, 24, 71, 75, 129, 188, 362.
Agents, Parole, 407–8;
- censured and dismissed, 393;
- their duties and powers, 279, 286–7, 291, 313, 335, 341–2, 358, 370, 388, 397, 409, 418, 442–4;
- frauds by, 312, 406;
- friendly relations with prisoners, 298, 340, 352–3, 410, 415–16, 425;
- unfriendly relations, 301, 396.
Agents, War-Prisoner, censured and dismissed, 192, 204;
- their duties, 18, 21, 29, 31, 47, 58, 119–20, 132, 144, 147, 150–1, 192, 274, 361–2, 369–70;
- friendly relations with prisoners, 135, 164–5, 181, 263;
- unfriendly relations, 12, 216, 265.
Alresford, 75, 77, 281, 284–5, 289, 298, 306–7, 347, 367, 410, 420, 451.
Amatory relations of prisoners on parole (see also Marriages and Illegitimate children), 266, 305–7, 325, 359, 375, 386–7, 402, 405, 414, 429, 437.
American prisoners, 2, 11, 48, 82–91, 116, 183, 186, 213, 215–16, 220–7, 247–61, 266, 286, 361, 432–3.
Amiens, Peace of, 194–5.
Andover, 290, 298, 307, 379, 384, 391, 437, 439–40, 452–3.
Andrews, Charles (American prisoner), 247–8, 250–3.
Angling, by paroled prisoners, 319, 328–9, 333–4, 341, 349, 437.
Anton, James, A Military Life (quoted), 205–6.
Arbroath, 162.
Arenburg, Prince, 418.
Articles made by prisoners (see also Paintings, Ship-model making), 60, 84, 132–5, 148, 153, 158, 173, 176, 181–2, 193, 203–5, 211, 220, 243, 278, 319, 321, 324, 347, 360, 391, 412, 414, 416, 430, 435.
Ashbourne, 291, 298, 307, 375, 386, 392, 413–14, 439.
Ashburton, 284–5, 298, 408, 432–3, 449, 453.
Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 288, 291, 298, 304, 379, 386, 390, 428–31.
Ashford, 284, 404, 408.
Assistance (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 107.
Auctions, prisoners’, 331–2, 348.
Bahama (Chatham hulk), 54–6, 58–60, 79, 90–1, 303.
Barnet, 393.
Barney, Commodore Joshua, 224–7.
Basingstoke, 284, 404.
Bath, 281, 291, 395, 403, 448.
Bazin, Ensign, 347.
Beasley, Reuben (Agent for American prisoners), 84, 86, 249–51, 254, 258.
Beaudouin, Sergeant-Major, 79–82, 202–5.
Beccles, 285.
Bedale, 412.
Belgian prisoners, 333–4.
Bell, George, agent at Jedburgh, 298, 388.
Bertaud (Breton privateer prisoner), 64–6.
Berwick, 316, 331–2, 350.
Béthune, M. de, 399, 400.
Bibles among the prisoners, 121–2, 165, 232, 342.
Bideford, 281, 284.
Billeting of prisoners on parole, 335, 348, 351, 354, 359, 418, 422, 432;
- of soldiers, 206.
Billiards, 15, 39, 83, 86, 177, 212, 304, 319, 328, 335, 417.
Birmingham, 304, 384.
Bishop’s Castle, 298, 307, 359, 391, 452.
Bishops, French, and the prisoners, 97, 120–1, 146.
Bishop’s Waltham, 74, 284–5, 289, 291, 298, 310–11, 393, 396, 403, 444–5.
Bitche, 36, 333 n.
Black Hole, as punishment for attempted escapes, 6, 7, 55, 58, 66, 105–8, 158, 160, 163, 170, 200, 221, 263, 312;
- for acts of violence, 123;
- for parole prisoners, 58, 408;
- in shore prisons, 20, 122, 130, 139–41, 143, 146, 204–5, 215, 217, 238, 243;
- on the hulks, 69, 103.
Blackmailing of prisoners, 359, 405.
Blyth, 350, 389.
Boat-stealing by escaping prisoners, 27–8, 57, 92–3, 110, 161, 164, 172, 233, 269, 273, 363, 383.
Bodmin, 439, 442–4.
Bonaparte, Lucien, 448.
Bonaparte, Napoleon, 22, 32–6, 84, 99, 110, 144. 153, 164–5, 179, 314, 330, 333, 342, 380, 382, 394, 435, 446–8.
Bones, use of, made by prisoners, 135, 176, 205, 218, 221, 275–6, 347, 349–50, 363.
Bonnefoux, Baron de, 54–60, 73, 76, 300–304.
Borough jails, 115, 117–8, 186, 192, 194, 268, 333, 361.
Borrow, George, 138, 148, 152.
Botanists among the prisoners, 319, 321, 324.
Boulogne, 28, 56, 118, 182, 292, 304, 381–2.
Bounty, French Royal, 4, 6–7, 167.
Bower, John (agent at Chesterfield), 305, 415.
Boycotting by prisoners, 222, 410.
Boyer, General, 32, 144, 305, 416, 425.
Boys among the prisoners, 121, 146, 152.
Bread supplied to prisoners, quality of, 4, 5, 12, 15, 21, 42, 47, 49, 63, 79, 85, 136, 151, 176, 191–3, 205, 208–9, 211, 221, 258, 263, 265, 361.
Brecon, 298, 364.
Brest, 9, 30, 183, 332.
Breton prisoners, 64–6, 229.
Bribes from prisoners (see also Collusion), 94–5, 128, 130, 158, 160, 167, 193, 225, 235, 244, 254, 292, 373;
- other bribery, 148–9, 204, 210–11, 294.
Bridgnorth, 298, 312, 314, 383, 418.
Brighton (Brighthelmstone), 30, 106, 110.
Bristol, 116–7, 186, 207–8, 210–14, 221, 281–2, 284–5, 289, 399–400, 411.
Bristol (Chatham hulk), 79, 205.
Brunswick (Chatham hulk), 23–4, 51, 75–77, 100, 101.
Buckingham (Chatham hulk), 39, 79.
Cachot; see Black Hole.
Calais, 25–6, 56, 103, 106, 111, 113, 183, 276, 283, 292.
Callington, 284, 406.
Calshot Castle, 102, 172.
Cambridge, 154.
Cambronne, 449.
Camelford, 279–80.
Canada (Chatham hulk), 75–6, 79, 94.
Canterbury, 30, 57–8, 366–7, 370, 385.
‘Capitalists’ among the prisoners, 177, 203 (armateurs), 228–9.
Carlisle, 192.
Carpenter, Madame, 98, 213.
Carré (French prisoner), 181, 185.
Cartel ports, 25, 150;
- service and cartel ships, 10, 25–7, 29, 30–1, 102, 140, 281, 309.
Castlereagh, Lord, 366.
Catel, 241, 245–7.
Cawdor, Lord, 183, 362–3.
Chambers, William, 333–8, 340.
Chartres, Duc de, 385.
Chatham, 54–6, 58, 79, 87, 118, 247, 281;
- hulks at, 8, 22–4, 31, 38–9, 41, 44, 51–2, 54, 75–9, 82, 84, 87, 89, 93–8, 100–1, 118, 152, 202, 205, 247, 256, 281, 283, 302–3, 386, 390, 438, 445, 449.
Cheltenham, 371, 373, 382, 403.
Cherbourg, 93, 102, 424.
Chester, 192.
Chesterfield, 298, 305, 307, 309, 376–7, 383, 392, 395, 415–17, 438–9.
Chippenham, 284–5, 298, 397, 410.
Churches, prisoners lodged in, 156 n., 207, 426.
Civil law, as applying to prisoners of war, 98, 123, 149, 242, 275, 301, 325, 337, 397, 406.
Clothing of prisoners (see also Nakedness among prisoners), 6, 8, 14, 17–19[don’t need the 1?], 21, 24, 32, 38, 49, 51, 54, 60, 75, 78, 138–9, 180, 204–5, 250, 255, 361, 378.
Cochrane, Lord, 24, 239.
Coie, Michael, 439–40, 453.
Coining by prisoners, 162–3, 250, 255–6, 263, 275.
Collusion between prisoners and sentries (and other undesirable intimacies), 55, 95, 105, 139–40, 146, 178, 221, 225, 227, 245, 248–9, 273–5, 297, 318.
Commandants of prison-ship anchorages, 40, 41, 80.
Commanders of prison-ships, 39–41, 47, 54, 56.
Competition; see Unfair trading by prisoners.
Complaints and remonstrances, International, 2, 5–7, 9, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19.
Complaints by prisoners (see also Inquiries, Petitions, Round-robins), 5, 7, 11, 18, 24, 40, 48–9, 126–7, 129, 136, 143, 151–2, 176, 192–3, 204, 211, 220–2, 251–2, 265, 311, 322–3, 361, 406, 410.
Concerts given by prisoners, 178, 301, 304, 310, 328, 342, 350, 423.
Contraband traffic in prisoners (see also Straw-plaiting, Unfair trading), 43, 121, 142, 147–9, 158–9, 169, 203–4, 211–12, 218, 243, 251, 288, 294.
Contractors, 6, 14, 47–50, 119, 209–10, 258, 270;
- fraudulent (see also Frauds practised on prisoners), 2, 6, 15, 47–50, 63, 85, 152, 201–2, 209, 211, 216, 227–8, 247, 250.
Cooke, agent at Sissinghurst, 127, 129–30.
Cooper, Sarah, 58, 302–3.
Corbière, Édouard, 228–33.
Correspondence of prisoners, 26, 53, 102, 127–8, 132, 194, 322–4, 353;
- clandestine, 81, 118–19, 176, 212, 282, 291–2, 305, 309, 372;
- of parole prisoners, to be submitted to the agent and to Transport Office, 286–8, 293, 341–2, 401, 416, 421.
Corsaires; see Privateers.
Cost of hulks and prisons, 51–2, 197, 208, 238, 240.
Cotgrave, Captain Isaac, Governor of Dartmoor Prison, 119, 122, 248–9, 251, 280.
Courts and codes of justice among prisoners (see also Self-government among prisoners), 56, 76, 83, 86, 156, 221–2, 230.
Coutts’ Bank, 312, 328.
Cowan family, 197–9, 201, 206.
Cranbrook, 126–7, 129, 400, 403, 410.
Crediton, 284, 298, 370, 407–8, 445.
Croker, J. W., 75, 370.
Crown (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 66–71, 95, 103–8, 111–12.
Crown Prince (Chatham hulk), 79, 82, 84–90, 152, 283.
Cupar, 298, 317.
Danish prisoners, 2, 25, 34, 41, 84, 90, 96, 333–4. 396, 432 (see also 65–6).
Dartmoor, 34, 44, 52, 82, 89–90, 99, 100, 118, 122–3, 166, 212–13, 235–61, 276, 279–80, 283, 432, 447, 450.
De Winter, Admiral, 449.
Deal, 57, 120, 266, 268, 304, 369, 371–2, 374.
Debts of prisoners, 337–8, 356, 385, 393, 397, 437.
Decourbes, Captain, 437–8, 451.
Derby, 413.
Derouge, Dr., 279–80, 283.
Descendants of prisoners, 184, 307–8, 333, 360, 417, 424, 452.
Directory, French, 12–14, 16–18, 227.
Disguise, Escapes in, 92, 102, 107–9, 160–1, 169, 178, 219, 221–2, 225–6, 232–4, 243–4, 247, 254, 280–1, 368, 381–2, 388.
Dismissal of officials, 71, 99, 140, 204, 211–12, 217, 294, 297, 393, 398.
Doctors, prison, 12, 152, 191, 210, 217, 222, 249, 265;
- prison-ship, 51, 52, 72–3,81, 99, 104;
- doctors and surgeons among the prisoners, 30, 306, 324. 333, 335, 341 356, 360, 383, 396–7, 416, 432.
Dogs and prisoners, 13, 70–1, 183, 213–14, 223, 428.
Doisy de Villargennes, Sous-lieut., 217–18, 326–32.
Dorchester, 117–18.
Dover, 25–6, 28, 56–7, 103, 106, 266, 292, 369, 371, 382.
Draper, Captain, agent at Norman Cross, 36, 119, 134–5.
Dubreuil, prisoner on Portsmouth hulks, 112–3.
Dubreuil, privateer captain, 60, 303–4.
Duckworth, Admiral, 260, 302.
Duels in the prisons, 172, 177, 198, 203, 212, 241, 255;
- between prisoners on parole, 58, 325, 338, 413, 418, 428–9, 437–8, 450;
- on the hulks, 59, 93–4;
- with improvised weapons, 93, 161, 229, 242, 355.
Dufresne, Francis, 170, 184, 200.
Dumanoir, Rear-Admiral, 446–7.
Dumbarton Castle, 116, 372.
Dumfries, 196, 298, 317, 339–44, 356.
Dundas, General, 272.
Dundas, Viscount, 19, 116.
Dundee, 156–7, 161–2, 285.
Dunkirk, 106, 153, 204 n., 285, 306.
Dupin, Captain (afterwards Baron), 40, 43–4, 391.
Durand, Felix, his escape from Liverpool, 188–91.
Dutch prisoners, 2, 17, 20, 25, 31, 34, 84, 139, 203, 208, 266–7, 272, 286, 333–4, 390, 449, 452.
Dyer, agent at Penryn, 404.
Dyer, doctor at Dartmoor, 249.
Dymchurch, 371.
East Dereham, 269, 453.
Eborall, parole agent at Lichfield, 297, 304.
Edinburgh, 115, 202, 269–77, 316, 328, 350, 389.
Elphinstone, Mountstuart, 277.
Enchmarsh, agent at Tiverton, 294, 393.
Epidemics, 38, 44, 86, 90, 99, 143, 217, 241, 246, 250, 254, 263, 450.
Epitaphs on prisoners, 252, 339, 344, 419, 451–4
Escape agents (see also Smugglers), 26, 29, 281, 304, 365–75, 380, 382–3.
Escape-aiders, 29, 57–8, 96, 100, 102, 106, 111, 151, 158, 172, 221, 244, 247, 272, 281–2, 287–8, 299, 304–5, 311–2, 320, 365–7, 373–7, 381, 384–5, 418, 424, 429, 436.
Escape funds, 63–4, 112.
Escapes and attempted escapes, 27–8;
- from shore prisons, 115;
- Sissinghurst, 128–9;
- Norman Cross, 139–40, 146–7, 150;
- Perth, 156–8, 160–65;
- Portchester, 166, 169–72, 178;
- Liverpool, 188–92;
- Valleyfield, 200–1;
- Stapleton, 211;
- Forton, 215–19;
- Millbay, 220–7, 230–4;
- Dartmoor, 235, 238, 243–4, 246–7, 251–4, 280, 283;
- other prisons, 263, 267, 269, 273–4, 363;
- from the hulks, 51, 55–8, 64–6, 77, 81, 83, 87–8, 92–4, 102, 104–13, 247;
- of prisoners on parole, 54, 57, 74, 77, 242, 278–83, 285, 289–91, 300, 302–4, 310–12, 314, 341, 352, 365–94, 399, 415, 424, 426–7, 435–6;
- in Scotland, 316, 320, 341, 350, 354–5, 370, 389;
- in Wales, 363;
- of prisoners on the march, 136, 142, 268, 453.
Esk Mills, 197, 206.
Espinasse, M., 297–8, 349.
Evacuations of prisons, 132, 151, 153, 165, 179, 183, 201, 255, 260, 268, 270–1, 277;
- of the hulks, 86, 183;
- of parole places, 320–1, 332, 348, 356.
Examiner (newspaper), 31, 240.
Excavations by prisoners; see Tunnelling.
Exchange of prisoners, 7, 10, 11, 15, 25–36, 40, 107, 170, 171, 186, 224, 252, 265, 267, 341, 347, 367, 372, 377, 382, 384, 391, 394, 446;
- at sea, 33;
- turn of exchange forfeited, 20, 123, 130, 141, 143, 265;
- bought and sold, 107, 123, 141, 290.
Executions, for forgery, 97, 123, 244, 263, 276, 439;
- for murder or attempted murder, 92, 94, 123, 150, 167–8, 172, 179, 219;
- threatened for attempted escapes, 104, 146.
Exeter, 5, 92, 97–8, 227, 252, 281–2, 284, 373–4, 376, 408.
Exmouth, 370, 373.
Falmouth, 25, 265–6, 268, 281–2, 284–5.
Fareham, 167, 170, 183.
Farnell, agent at Ashby-de-la-Zouch, 288, 379–80.
Feeding of prisoners, 4–7, 14–17, 47;
- in the hulks, 42, 47–8, 82;
- in the prisons, 138, 191;
- on the march, 136;
- on the cartel-ships, 26–7;
- complaints as to food, 4–7, 12, 14, 21, 47, 49, 63, 78–9, 85, 136, 151–2, 176, 191–3, 204, 209, 211, 216, 221, 258, 263, 265–6, 361.
Fines and forfeitures, 295, 322, 355, 358, 361.
Fires on the hulks, 95, 168;
- in the prisons, 217;
- in parole places, 290, 341, 359–60, 420.
Fishguard, 156 n., 208, 362–3.
Fishing-boats in time of war, 28, 40.
Fishponds Prison, 116, 207–8.
Floggings in Army and Navy, 55, 58, 82, 106, 139, 148, 197, 221, 244, 390;
- of prisoners, 6–7, 139–40.
Folkestone, 57, 107, 110–11, 113, 367, 371, 374, 380–1.
Forfar, 162.
Forgery (see also Coining), 123, 263, 439;
- of bank-notes, 97–8, 149, 160, 162–3, 213, 233, 244, 250, 269, 273–6, 320;
- documents, 291–2, 396–7;
- passports, 92, 97–8, 213, 263, 274, 291–2.
Forton Prison, 5, 20, 78, 99, 115, 118, 167, 182, 215–19, 229, 238, 262, 282, 327, 379, 393, 445.
Fournier, Marie Louise, 420, 451.
Frauds on prisoners by officials (see also Contractors), 2, 6, 15, 21–4, 47–9, 85, 146, 152, 216, 268, 294, 296, 312, 361–2, 406.
Freemasons among prisoners, 182–3, 300, 301, 322, 326, 339, 345, 351, 355, 363–4, 419, 423–4, 430, 433, 441, 453.
French prisoners, passim.
Friendly feeling towards prisoners (see also Parole prisoners—insults and injuries), 20, 150, 319, 352–3, 355–6, 387–9, 395, 411, 420, 424–5, 428–9, 432–3, 436–7, 439–40.
Frog- and snail-eating among French prisoners, 221, 319, 340–1, 419.
Fyen (Chatham hospital-ship), 51, 79.
Gambling among prisoners, 19;
- on hulks, 38–9, 41, 49, 59–60, 71, 83–4, 86, 90;
- in shore prisons, 100, 122, 124, 130, 141, 159, 167, 176–7, 206–7, 209–12, 222, 245, 255–6.
Garneray, Louis, 54, 60–74, 183, 310–12, 396.
Garnier, Lieut., 374, 418.
Garnier, Sous-lieut. Pierre, 420, 451.
Garrison in prisons and prison-ships (see also Floggings, Marines, Militia), 61, 77, 119, 126, 136, 146, 148–9, 152–3, 169–70, 196, 248.
Gentz, Major, 178, 181.
George, Sir Rupert, 19, 117, 392, 434.
German prisoners, 220, 339, 342, 351, 355–7.
Ghent, Treaty of, 254–5.
Gibb, Henry, 317–18.
Gibbs, Vicary, 241.
Gicquel des Touches, Lieut., 299–300.
Gille, Philippe, at Portchester, 175, 179–83, 185.
Gillingham, 44, 46, 52, 84, 87, 94.
Glory (Chatham hulk), 79, 283.
Gosport, 65, 102, 104, 115, 156 n., 262, 327, 427.
Goudhurst, 284, 408–10.
Grades among prisoners, 59, 245.
Gramont, Comte de, 408.
Grand pré (see also Parc, Pré), 176.
‘Greenhorn,’ an American prisoner (quoted), 255–6.
Greenlaw, 196–206, 352.
Grenville, Lord, 19, 289.
Guernsey, 264, 284.
Guildford, 281, 302–3, 365.
Half-rations, and other short allowances, as punishments, 7, 8, 20, 21, 55, 63, 93, 122–3, 128–30, 139, 141, 151, 193, 221, 223, 254, 263, 283, 399.
Hambledon, 7, 294, 298.
Hanoverian army, 32, 35.
‘Harman, Captain Richard’ (see Herbert, Feast Moore,) escape agent, 281, 367–71.
Hastings, 110, 367–8, 375.
d’Hautpol, Marquis, 312–15, 418.
Havas, Captain (privateer), 107–11.
Haverfordwest, 156 n., 362.
Havre, 25, 40, 93.
Havre de Grâce, 102.
Hawick, 298, 317, 324, 350–4, 356.
Hector (Plymouth hulk), 248–9.
Helston, 8, 284, 404.
d’Henin, General, 305, 416.
Herbert, Charles, American prisoner, 220–4.
Herbert, alias of Feast Moore (q. v.), 367, 370.
Hesse-Darmstadt Infantry, 354, 356–7.
Hole-boring by prisoners (see also Tunnelling), on the hulks, 56, 59, 60, 64, 66–7, 87, 92, 105, 107–8, 112;
- in shore-prisons, 143, 147, 162, 177, 189, 215, 225, 259, 273–4.
Hospitals, 6, 18, 20, 27, 29, 51, 122, 144, 155, 167, 183, 191, 193, 198, 208, 210, 220, 224, 227, 263–6, 272, 288–9, 361, 450;
- hospital ships, 51–2, 72–3, 79, 86, 98–9, 262.
Howard, John, 116, 191–3, 208, 216, 224, 262–3, 271–2, 360–1.
l’Huille, Jean de, 420, 451.
Hulks (see also Chatham, Portsmouth, and Plymouth hulks), 1, 24, 37–114, 135, 185, 225, 276, 284, 313, 327, 384–5, 395, 398.
Hunter, James, 388–9.
Huntingdon, 149–51.
Hutchison, Captain, 82, 88.
Hythe, 380–81.
Ilfracombe, 362, 393.
Illegitimate children of prisoners on parole, 279, 301, 308–9, 325, 339, 358–9, 426.
Immorality among prisoners, 59, 76, 81, 87, 91, 161, 229.
Impressment of prisoners (see also Recruiting), 11, 84, 89, 96.
Inchbonny, 346–7.
Independence Day (American) celebrated in prisons, 89, 222, 249, 252.
Independent Whig (newspaper), 31, 239.
Indian (American) prisoner, 88.
Informers, 92, 160, 230, 253, 263–5, 279, 283, 302, 388.
Inquests on prisoners, 142, 171, 212, 241, 427, 438.
Inquiries, Official, into prisoners’ complaints, 14, 15, 19, 71, 88, 129–30, 138, 209, 252, 260.
Insubordination and mutiny among prisoners, 34, 93, 115, 136, 141, 146, 164, 171, 192, 208, 215–7, 262, 314, 362.
Invalided prisoners, 25, 28–9, 31, 52, 55–6, 81.
Invasion of England, Rumoured, 117–18, 144–5, 182, 392.
Irresistible (Chatham hulk), 79, 88.
Italian prisoners, 34, 203, 333, 335, 339, 342, 413, 422, 425.
Ivan, privateer captain, 231–3.
Jedburgh, 298, 316–17, 345–50, 356, 371, 388–9.
Jew traders in the prisons, 257–8.
Johns, escape-agent, 383.
Jones, Charles (Admiralty solicitor), 282–3, 366, 368–9.
Jones, Paul, privateer, 192.
Kelso, 298, 316–7, 319–24, 332, 341, 345–356, 370, 426.
Kemble, John, 448.
Kergilliack, 115, 264–5.
King’s Lynn, 25, 136, 139–41, 151, 153, 268–9.
Kinsale, 285.
Kirkcaldy, 156–7.
Knight and Jones, Admiralty solicitors (see also Jones, Charles), 282.
Knowle, near Bristol, 116, 207, 208.
La Tour d’Auvergne, 442–5.
Lace-manufacture at Portchester, 176–7.
Lamy, Germain, 217–18, 327.
Lanark, 298.
Lane, Captain, inspector of prisons, 227–8.
Language difficulties, 348, 355, 422.
Larpent, Commissioner, 260.
Lauder, 297–8, 317, 354–6, 370.
Launceston, 278, 280–4, 290, 294, 297–8, 352, 376, 411, 439.
Lavau, Ciprian, 420, 451.
Lavender, Bow Street officer, 390, 436.
Lawson, Dr. George, 325–6, 345.
Lebertre, Colonel, 51, 75, 100, 101.
Leek (Staffs.), 294, 298, 308, 392, 419, 437, 439, 444, 451–2.
Lefebvre, General, 295–6, 378.
Lefebvre-Desnouettes, General, 371, 373, 382.
Leicester, 306, 413, 436–7.
Le Jeune, Baron, 378–82.
Le Jeune, Captain, 430–1.
Lessons given by prisoners, on the hulks, 60, 63–5, 86, 104, 108;
- in shore prisons, 176, 181, 229, 234;
- in Dartmoor, 242, 251, 255, 257;
- on parole, 290–1, 299, 312, 416, 418, 432–3, 435;
- in Scotland, 319–20, 342, 350;
- after release, 297–8, 300, 342, 349, 440.
L’Huille, Jean de, 420, 451.
Lichfield, 60, 290, 297–8, 303–4, 382, 384, 387, 393, 395, 439.
‘Light Dragoon, The’, 173–5.
Linlithgow, 116, 273.
Linois, Captain (afterwards Admiral Count), 103, 448.
Liverpool, 5, 15, 19, 115, 117–8, 186–95, 269.
Liverpool, Lord, 142, 403.
Llanfyllin, 298, 357–8.
Lochmaben, 298, 341, 356.
Lockerbie, 298, 356.
Lodgings of parole prisoners, 328, 334, 338, 340, 400–1, 404–5, 418, 432–3.
Louis XVIII, 182, 312, 314, 342–3, 353, 449.
Lowestoft, 269.
Lucas, Captain, of the Redoutable, 446.
Ludlow, 358, 448.
Lynn; see King’s Lynn.
Mackenzie, representative of Great Britain, 34–5.
Magrath, prison doctor at Dartmoor, 252, 254–6, 260.
Maidstone, 94, 131, 371, 374, 400, 401, 409.
Majendie, Captain, French prisoner on parole, 446.
Malingering, 81, 105, 144.
Manchester, 117–18.
Mantell, agent at Dover, 369–70.
Marines on prison-ships, 77, 85, 88, 90, 91, 94.
Markets in the prisons, 155, 161, 163, 175, 201, 205, 213, 238–9, 245, 250, 327–8;
- daily markets, 200, 208, 242, 280, 363;
- for foodstuffs, &c., 158–9, 173, 239, 251, 256–7;
- for prisoners’ manufactures, 135, 158–9, 165, 173, 193, 203, 212–13, 221, 242–3, 252, 270–1, 363;
- Sunday markets, 220;
- markets stopped (or prisoners debarred from market) as punishment, 7, 88, 122, 141, 164, 249, 257;
- market boats, 78, 88.
Marriages of prisoners, 97, 132, 150, 170–1, 191, 266, 305, 307–9, 317, 320, 338, 343–4, 349, 357, 360, 363, 374, 414, 416–17, 424–5, 429–30, 434.
Maurer, Lieut., 354, 356.
Maurin, General, 295–6, 383.
Maxwell, Dr., Admiralty Commissioner, 129, 131.
Meadow (see also Grand pré, Parc, Pré), 9.
Medical attendance (see also Doctors, Epidemics, Hospitals, Surgeons), 12, 14–15, 39;
- in the prisons, 5, 122, 152, 161, 176, 191, 210, 222, 249;
- on the hulks, 39, 41, 43, 50–2, 72–3, 98–9, 104;
- on cartel ships, 26;
- for parole prisoners, 288, 352.
Melrose, 298, 317, 326, 345.
Memorials to prisoners (see also Epitaphs), 46, 134, 198–9, 261.
Merchant sailors as prisoners, 5, 29, 84, 285–6, 373, 383, 400.
‘Merchants’ in the prisons, 63, 143.
Mere, Wilts., 156 n., 426–7.
Midshipmen, French and English, 286, 320, 333, 335, 338, 373, 444, 451.
Milestone stories, 329, 346, 350, 415, 434.
Military and Naval authority in prisons, Relations of, 119, 132, 138, 145, 148.
Militia, 95, 192, 215, 316, 333–4, 337, 362, 388;
- as prison-garrison, at Dartmoor, 235, 243–5, 248, 251, 258–60;
- at Greenlaw and Valleyfield, 196–7, 200, 204, 206;
- at Norman Cross, 134, 146–7, 149, 151;
- at Perth, 155, 158, 160;
- at Portchester, 169, 182;
- at other prisons, 129–30, 208, 217, 223, 273–5, 350, 361, 391.
Millbay Prison, 5, 115, 118, 208, 214, 220–35, 238, 395, 399, 445.
Milne, Captain, of the Bahama, 56, 58–9.
Money-allowances to prisoners, 4–6, 16, 96, 116, 143, 173, 251, 256, 270, 361;
- on parole, 5, 21, 288, 292, 299, 312, 322, 328, 335, 352, 355, 358, 360–1, 372, 413, 415, 428, 433;
- on the march, 136, 390.
Money earned or saved by prisoners, 14, 65, 123–4, 130, 153, 165, 176, 181, 193, 203, 205, 218–20, 229, 242, 245, 250–1, 256;
- on parole, 350;
- on the hulks, 65.
Monopoly of sales to prisoners, 78, 127, 152, 222, 249.
Montgomery, 32, 298, 305, 308, 358–9, 414.
Montrose, 156, 161.
Moore, Thomas Feast (escape agent), alias Harman, Herbert, q. v., 281, 281 n., 367–71.
Moras, De, French Administrator, 5–7, 27.
More, Hannah, 411.
Moreton-Hampstead, 282, 297–8, 371, 373, 453.
Moriarty, Captain, 163–5, 292.
Morlaix, 25, 27, 30, 34–5, 81, 150, 281, 309, 314, 394.
Mortality among prisoners, 12, 19, 32, 43–4, 143, 151, 172, 184, 193, 198, 207, 209, 217, 240–1, 246, 263, 450;
- on parole, 450;
- on the hulks, 12, 38, 41, 43–4, 86, 90, 450.
Motte, Alexander de la, 300, 440.
Murders and other crimes of violence by prisoners, 7, 39, 56, 71, 92–4, 123, 129, 149, 160, 167–8, 172, 178–9, 198, 210, 218–19, 231, 241, 252, 314.
Nakedness among prisoners, 9, 10, 18, 21, 49, 66, 77, 99, 156, 172, 201, 209, 247, 270, 378;
- due to gambling, 19, 38, 122, 130, 205–7, 209–10, 245;
- due to improvidence, 76, 143, 177, 229.
Napoleon; see Bonaparte.
Negro prisoners, 75, 221–2, 251, 257–8, 267, 334, 447.
Newburgh, 158, 165.
Newcastle-on-Tyne, 285, 388.
Newtown, 298, 358–60.
Niou, French agent, 18, 141.
Nivernois, Duc de, 292.
Nixon, Agent at Hawick, 298, 352–3.
Norman Cross, 31, 36, 38, 77, 79, 108, 117–18, 121, 133–54, 144, 166, 176, 201, 209, 213, 238, 243, 268–9, 276, 368, 390, 417, 450.
North Tawton, 281, 298.
Northampton, 298.
Norwegian prisoners, 90, 267.
Obscene toys and pictures made by prisoners, 140, 142, 243.
Odiham, 54, 56–8, 298, 301–3, 307, 328, 372, 385, 395, 403, 405, 420, 435–6, 453–4.
Officers and privates imprisoned together, 12, 62–3, 75–7, 140, 150, 193, 229–30, 264, 398–9.
Okehampton, 97, 281–2, 284–5, 298, 374, 383, 387–8, 393, 399, 434–5, 452.
Oratory of American prisoners, 83, 86, 89.
Ormskirk, 191–2.
Osmore, Commodore, 85, 87–90.
Osten, General, 368, 382.
Oswestry, 298, 307–8, 314, 374, 393, 396, 401, 417–19, 440.
Otto, French agent in England, 19, 20, 143, 170.
Overcrowding in prison-ships, 51, 63, 77, 115, 135, 235, 379;
- in prisons, 136, 173, 250, 252, 361.
Pageot, General, 291, 414.
Paintings by prisoners, 126, 181, 183, 278, 319, 334, 336, 347, 350, 354, 357, 360, 414, 424, 427.
Paolucci, 77, 367–9.
Parc (see also Grand pré, Meadow, Pré), 9, 59, 75.
Paris, 382;
- Peace of, 132, 271;
- Treaty of, 74, 151, 213, 312.
Parole, 58, 60, 74, 125–7, 150, 274, 278, 284–454;
- abuse of parole, 119, 372;
- breaches of parole (see also Escapes), 7, 25–7, 29, 33, 54, 57, 74–7, 98, 201, 212, 229, 242, 250–1, 285, 289–90, 301, 304, 310, 350, 365–94, 398–9, 413–14, 435–6;
- in Scotland, 271, 316–56;
- in Wales, 357–60, 363–4;
- insults and injuries offered to prisoners on parole, 12, 40, 287, 299–301, 311, 313, 348–9, 359, 390, 400–10, 421, 437–8, 442–4;
- numbers on parole, 117, 118, 293, 297, 310, 312, 314, 321, 325, 334, 343, 350, 352, 354, 356–7, 359, 379, 388, 404, 413, 415, 421, 428;
- parole-limits (see also Milestone-stories, Rewards), 126, 150, 286–7, 291, 295, 310, 317, 324, 328–9, 331, 334, 346, 349, 355, 366, 396, 400, 412–3, 415, 421, 423, 428–9, 432, 434–5, 445;
- parole relaxations, 289–91, 383, 400;
- parole obligations refused by prisoners, 103, 105, 112, 302;
- parole withdrawn, 13, 320, 333, 392;
- prisoners allowed abroad on parole, 25, 377–8, 391;
- ranks admitted to parole, 5, 37, 256, 285–6, 271, 447.
Patterson, Commander William, 178, 180, 183.
Peebles, 196–7, 298, 317, 332–40.
Pembroke, 116, 271, 360–3.
Pendennis Castle, 266.
Penicuik, 118, 149, 164, 196–7, 199, 201–2, 206, 273–4, 328, 350.
Penryn, 264, 398, 404, 445.
Perrot, James, agent at Norman Cross, 136, 139–40.
Perth, 44, 118, 121, 155–66, 176, 238, 271, 276, 292.
Peterborough, 117, 133, 135–6, 139, 142, 146–7, 150–1, 154, 268–9, 298.
Petersfield, 7, 110, 281, 284, 406.
Petitions from prisoners, for change of residence, 289–90, 297, 341, 397, 403, 405, 410.
Phillipon, General, 99, 374, 418.
Phillpotts, Mr. Eden, 238–9, 249.
Pillet, General, 20, 22–4, 35, 76–8, 151–2, 183, 291, 367–8.
Pillory, 135, 374.
Plymouth (see also Millbay), 15, 25, 27, 49, 91–2, 98, 115, 118, 156, 180, 220, 223–7, 230–3, 243, 247, 258, 283, 292;
- hulks at, 51, 92, 95, 97–9, 118, 235, 246–9, 283, 314, 397, 399, 445, 447.
Poerio, Colonel, 386.
Polish prisoners, 194, 321, 333, 335–6, 339, 395, 423, 452.
Portchester Castle, 5–7, 18, 32, 34, 78, 109, 115, 117–8, 120, 126, 136, 154, 162, 166–85, 200, 215, 229, 262, 276, 363, 445.
Portchester River, 66.
Portsmouth (see also Forton, Gosport, Portchester), 6, 25, 40, 60, 74, 78, 82, 98, 103–4, 117–18, 162, 168, 172, 174–5, 179, 181, 217–18, 247, 288–9, 294, 302, 311–12, 327, 396, 440, 445, 447;
- hulks at, 12, 24, 43–4, 51, 60, 75, 78, 92–5, 97–8, 103, 118, 175, 180, 182–3, 247, 294, 302–3, 310, 312, 314, 378–9, 445, 449–50.
Portuguese prisoners, 34, 36, 422.
Pré (see also Grand pré, Meadow, Parc), 229.
Pressland, Captain, 119, 144–6, 148, 151–2.
Princetown, 249, 261, 434.
Prison-hunting, 115–17, 125, 135.
Privateersmen, on the hulks, 54, 56, 64, 81, 107, 327, 397–8;
- in shore prisons, 142, 170, 192, 231, 245, 256, 264–6, 269–71;
- on parole, 29, 60, 278, 285–6, 303, 314, 320, 354, 373, 383, 395, 397–8, 400, 439;
- American, 11, 186, 188;
- English, 29, 226;
- French, 10, 12, 93, 98, 106–7, 110–13, 186, 188, 229, 233, 252, 269;
- money allowances to, 5.
Privé, General, 372, 421.
Prothée (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 61, 64–6.
Public works by prisoners, 252, 261, 268, 413.
Pugilism, 64, 68–70, 242, 255.
Puppet shows in the prisons, 159, 173, 176.
Quanti, on parole at Moreton-Hampstead, 453.
Quantin, prisoner at Portchester, 185.
Quiller-Couch, Sir A., 264, 427.
Raffalés, Les, 59, 63, 71, 76, 177, 229.
Reading, special parole town, 290, 294, 298, 375, 390, 396, 437, 445.
Recruiting among prisoners, 85–6, 224, 267.
Redruth, 284, 291, 410.
Regilliack, 264–5.
Regulations, Prison-, to be hung in sight of prisoners, 191, 224, 271–2, 360–1.
Releases of prisoners, 86, 95, 98, 157, 191, 201, 251, 255, 303, 347, 355, 356, 402, 416, 439–40.
Religious ministrations among prisoners, 96–7, 120–1, 140–1, 145, 167, 179, 214, 224, 229, 257, 267, 411, 417, 424, 430–1, 439.
Remittances to prisoners, 176, 288, 293, 312–13, 335, 352.
Residence of prisoners in England after release, 297–8, 300, 307, 339, 342–3, 349, 358, 360, 411, 417, 424–5, 440.
Rewards offered, for information as to breaches of parole, 287, 310, 329, 346–7, 387, 404–5, 428;
- as to escape-aiders, 363, 424;
- as to escaped prisoners, 7, 263, 376, 389, 390, 435;
- as to forgeries, 274–6;
- by French Government, 387.
Richmond, Surrey, 393, 435.
Riotous proceedings of prisoners on parole, 321–2, 330–1.
Riouffe, a French prisoner, 420, 451.
Rochambeau, General, 144–5, 242, 413, 416, 425–7.
Rochester, 79, 94, 212.
Rohan, Prince de, 400.
Roll-call on prison-ships, 41, 62, 65–6;
- roll-call tricks, 66–7, 87, 94, 104, 139, 225, 243;
- in the prisons, 163, 175, 251, 257;
- of parole prisoners, 292, 388, 416, 426.
Romanes, agent at Lauder, 297–8.
‘Romans’, 52, 99, 229, 245–50, 255.
Romsey, 284, 400.
Roscoff, 30, 105.
Roscrow, 115, 264–6.
Ross, Captain, of Crown hulk, Portsmouth, 108, 111–12.
‘Rough Alleys’ in Dartmoor, 255–8.
Round-robins, 220, 399, 404.
Rousseau, a French prisoner, 56, 59, 302–3.
Roxburgh, 316; Duchess of, 320.
Royal Bounty (French), 4, 6–7, 167.
Royal Oak (Plymouth hulk), 92, 397.
Royalists among the French prisoners, 165, 179, 182, 342, 353, 418–9.
Rufin, General, 440.
Russian prisoners, 423, 452.
Rye, 110, 304, 374–5.
St. Aubin, on parole at Alresford, 420;
- prisoner at Portchester, 175–9, 181.
St. Budock, Falmouth, 264, 266.
St. Malo, 25, 183, 233, 314, 363, 453.
St. Valéry, 28, 355.
Salaries of parole agents, 293;
- prison agents, 146;
- prison-ship commanders, 39.
Sale and purchase (or loss by gambling) of clothes and bedding, 8, 19, 20, 38, 41, 60, 63, 76, 78, 122, 128, 130, 143–4, 159, 167, 177, 206, 210, 221, 270;
- of rations, 14, 16, 20, 39, 41, 60, 63, 122, 143, 167, 177, 209–10, 250, 256–7;
- of rights to exchange and transference, 56, 107, 123, 141, 290;
- of sleeping accommodation, 63, 76, 78.
Sampson (Gillingham hulk), 52, 79, 80, 93, 98.
San Antonio (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 67, 108, 111, 379.
San Damaso (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 94.
San Rafael (Plymouth hulk), 92, 98.
Sands, Mr. W. H., 134.
Sanquhar, 298, 317, 333, 337–9, 395.
Savoy prison, London, 58, 115.
Scott, Sir Walter, 116, 199, 316, 329–30, 335.
Self-government among prisoners (see also Courts and codes of justice), 15, 16, 60, 63, 76, 83, 86, 229, 231, 245–6, 256.
Selkirk, 298, 316–17, 324–32, 345.
Seven Years’ War, 4, 29, 115, 167, 186, 188, 215, 264, 268–9, 284, 365, 398, 403, 412–3, 449.
Sevenoaks, 284, 305–6, 367, 390, 406.
Sheerness, 54, 205.
Ship-model making, 176, 211, 218, 255, 334, 416.
Shooting and stabbing of prisoners, 61, 205;
- a cautionary measure, 56;
- a coercive measure, 59, 171, 250, 259–60, 267;
- a punitive measure, 80, 204;
- by jailors and sentries, 12–13, 130–2, 208, 361;
- of escaping prisoners, 56, 64, 88, 94, 107, 128–9, 142, 163, 174, 198, 200, 201, 216–7, 254, 453;
- threatened, 71.
Shortland, Captain, agent at Dartmoor, 253–4, 257–60.
Shrewsbury, 117–8, 266–8.
‘Sick and Hurt’ Office, 3, 4, 16, 28, 30–1, 117, 131, 138, 167, 216, 268, 387–8, 400, 401, 406–7.
Simon, General, 116, 372, 435–6.
Sissinghurst Castle, 5, 8, 115, 125–32, 306, 398–9, 401, 403–4, 406.
Sleeping accommodation of prisoners, on the hulks, 62–3, 76–8, 90, 100–1;
- in the prisons, 5, 12, 15, 19, 27, 138, 173, 180, 183, 188, 191, 193, 212, 216–8, 238, 264–5, 268, 271, 361;
- on ships of war, 82;
- in French prisons, 9, 27;
- in the hospitals, 216, 263, 266, 272.
Smith, J., agent at Kelso, 298, 321–4.
Smith, agent at Thame, 294–5, 297, 301, 378.
Smith, agent at Winchester, 263.
Smugglers, 26;
- as escape-aiders, 74, 110–11, 233, 273, 304, 312, 366, 368–9, 371, 373, 381–3, 385, 424, 426–8.
Sodbury, Glos., 284, 407.
South Molton, a parole town, 298.
Southampton, 115, 172, 400.
Southampton Water, 111, 262.
Souville, maître d’armes, 242.
Souville, Tom, 103–114.
Spanish prisoners, 2, 34, 36, 94, 166, 171, 191–2, 203, 208, 228, 286, 342, 390, 420, 422, 445.
Spettigue, agent at Launceston, 279, 281, 294.
Spies among the prisoners, 76, 96, 358.
‘Spoon-fashion’, Sleeping in, 59–60, 155, 229, 245.
Stapleton Prison, 19, 20, 32, 98, 116–18, 120–1, 166, 176, 207–14, 229, 238, 241, 252, 276, 385, 398, 401–2, 447.
Statesman (newspaper), 21–3, 31, 35, 85.
Stevenson, escape-agent, 304, 371.
Stilton, 118, 121, 133, 139, 145–9, 153.
Stoffel, Colonel, 380–2.
Straw-plaiting by prisoners, 43, 65, 158, 176, 190, 203, 205, 229, 255, 319, 416;
- a contraband trade, 43, 121, 142, 147–9, 158–9, 169, 203–4, 211–12, 218, 243, 251.
Subscriptions in aid of prisoners, 7–11, 20, 32, 48, 99, 122, 128, 192, 206–7, 216, 221–3, 267–70.
Suffolk (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 108.
Suicides among prisoners, 210, 212, 241, 251, 254, 320–1, 421, 423, 427, 437–8.
Support of prisoners by their own country, 8, 10, 14, 16–19, 31–2, 116–17, 209.
Surgeons as prisoners of war, 29–30.
Surveillance of contractors and officials, 2, 8, 15, 136, 227, 263, 293, 362.
Swedish prisoners, 41, 90, 267.
Swiss prisoners, 335, 343.
Tallien, 447–8.
Talma, 448.
Tate, General, his invasion of England, 208, 362–3.
Tavistock, 247, 279–80, 283–4, 297–8, 387–8, 395, 398, 410, 434, 436.
Tawton, 281, 298.
Tenterden, 95, 284–5, 305, 400–2, 410, 452.
Thame, 54, 294–5, 297–8, 300, 301, 308–9, 378, 395–6, 421.
Theatrical performances by prisoners, on the hulks, 104, 185;
- in Dartmoor, 246–7, 251, 255, 257–8;
- at Liverpool, 15, 193;
- at Millbay, 229;
- at Portchester, 108–9, 178, 180–1, 183–5;
- on parole, 301, 310, 423;
- in Scotland, 318–21, 326, 328, 331, 333, 335–7, 350–1.
Tiverton, 33, 144, 292, 294, 298–300, 369, 374, 391, 393, 398, 403, 439–40, 446–7.
Tonbridge, 284, 404.
Topsham, 370, 373.
Torrington, 284, 405.
Tothill-fields prison, 372.
Trades and professions among the prisoners (see also Articles made by prisoners, Lessons given, Money earned), on the hulks, 63, 103–4;
- in the prisons, 123–4, 144, 173, 176, 218, 251–2, 255, 271;
- on parole, 333–4, 349, 396, 416.
Transferences of prisoners, 38, 52, 79, 89, 90–1, 164, 192, 213, 215, 289, 314, 318, 337, 392–3, 395, 398, 417, 425–8.
Transport Office, passim.
Trusty (Chatham hospital ship), 52, 79.
Tunnelling, &c., as a means to escape (see also Hole-boring), at Dartmoor, 252–3, 257;
- Millbay, 220–3, 230;
- Perth, 160–4;
- at other prisons, 126, 147, 171, 173–4, 200, 215–16, 264–5, 269, 363.
Unfair trading by prisoners, Complaints of, 43, 142, 147–8, 177–8, 181, 185, 203–4, 211–12, 218, 228, 396.
Valleyfield, 79, 118, 149, 157, 197–206, 238, 271, 273, 275, 292, 320, 333, 341.
Vanhille, Louis, 243, 278–83.
Veitch, James, 346–7.
Vengeance (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 71–4, 108, 312.
Ventilation, on the hulks, 41–2, 51, 61–2, 76–8, 104;
- on ships of war, 82;
- in the prisons, 12, 143–4.
Verdun, 23, 36, 333 n.
Veteran (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 109.
Vigilant (Portsmouth hulk), 43, 92–3, 99.
Villaret-Joyeuse, General, 378, 421.
Villeneuve, Admiral, 445–6.
Virion, General, 23, 36.
Vochez, French official, 12, 227–8.
Waddell, smuggler and escape-agent, 371, 382–3.
Wales, Prisoners of War in, 357–64.
Wansford, 147, 150.
Wantage, 212, 291, 295–8, 308, 383.
Waterhouse, Benjamin, 82–91, 256.
Weapons, wearing of, by prisoners, 442, 445–6.
Weir, Dr., of the Transport Board, 210, 294.
Wellington, Duke of, 34, 184, 373, 427.
Welshpool, 291, 298, 360, 383, 396.
Wesley, John, 116, 207.
Whitbread, Samuel, M.P., 211, 240.
Whitchurch, 285, 298, 396.
Whitstable, 367, 369, 371.
Wigan, 192.
Wincanton, 156 n., 295, 298, 308, 338, 351–2, 391, 393, 398, 403, 421–8, 445, 452.
Winchester, 97, 115, 167–8, 172, 179, 219, 262–3, 281, 289, 367, 390, 406, 410.
Winter, Admiral De, 449.
Wives of paroled prisoners, 194, 373–4, 382, 417, 434, 448, 451–3.
Women prisoners, 13, 99, 104, 156, 170–1.
Woodriff, Captain Daniel, R.N., 36, 78, 108, 136, 139–41, 143–4.
Worcester, 391, 448.
Wye, in Kent, 284, 397, 404.
Yarmouth, 31, 268–9.
Yaxley, 133–6, 150, 153.

Prisoners of War in Britain 1756 to 1815 / A record of their lives, their romance and their sufferings

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INDEX