INDEX
- A
- Adams, Sherman, 159
- AFL-CIO, 51, 185, 187, 189, 141, 168, 164, 166
- Agnew, E. H., 27, 84, 96
- Allen University, 116-124
- American Association of University Professors, 119-120
- American Civil Liberties Union, 165
- American Council of Education, 101
- American Dilemma, 22, 27
- American Educators, Incorporated, 88, 45
- Americans For Democratic Action, 136, 138, 141
- Anti-Defamation League, 89
- Anti-Semitism, 40, 43, 86
- Armstrong, Ben J., 74
- Ashmore, Robert J., 26-27, 49, 101
- Association for Preservation of Southern Traditions, 88
- Association of School Administrators, 99
- Atkins, Alford, 79
- Atlantic Monthly, 80, 181
- Atomic Energy Commission, 102
- B
- Bacoats, J. A., 124, 125
- Ball, W. W., 2
- Ballard, L. B., 179
- Baptist Church, 60-61
- Baruch, Bernard, 39
- Bass, Jack, 177
- Bates, Lester, 129-130
- Bates, W. T. C., 53
- Batista, Fulgencio, 149
- Bellinger, G. Duncan, 37
- Benedict College, 122, 124-125
- Bethune, Mary McLeod, 110
- Bickley, J. H., 39, 40, 41, 192
- Blackman, Mrs. S. L., 182
- Blake, C. E., 160
- Blatt, Solomon, 95
- Blease, Cole, 9, 189
- Blease, Eugene S., 27
- Boas, Franz, 182
- Bob Jones University, 65
- Bonner, I. H., 118, 119, 120, 121, 123
- Booker, Harold, 139
- Bostwick, Margaret, 67
- Bowles, Bryant, 12, 42-43
- Bowling, H. L., 193
- Boyette, Luther E., 178
- Boyle, Gaston, 64
- Brabham, A. McKay, Jr., 57
- Brabham, P. Eugene, 100
- Bragg, W. W., 34
- Brailsford, James M., 41
- Brameld, Theodore, 27
- Breeland, Richard, 103
- Brown, Edgar, 128
- Brown, Gary, 196
- Brown, Giles G., 76
- Brown, Millie Lewis, 41
- Brown vs. Baskin, 4, 5-6
- Brownell, Herbert, 19, 22, 25, 129, 142, 158, 159, 161
- Bryant, Herbert, 177
- Buchanan, George, 28
- Bulganin, Nikolai A., 140
- Bunche, Ralph J., 110
- Byrd, E. L., 44, 56, 64
- Byrd, Harry F., 187, 189
- Byrnes, James F., 4, 8, 15-16, 17, 22, 27, 31, 33, 50, 83, 93, 96, 100, 101-102, 140, 141, 147, 161, 167, 170
- C
- Calhoun, John C., 1, 21, 38, 63-64, 79, 105, 109, 137, 143, 150, 184
- Callison, T. C., 18, 19, 22, 25-26, 42, 86, 117, 126, 168
- Cardozo, Benjamin N., 12
- Carr, Robert K., 119-120
- Carroll, David D., 128-129
- Catholic Church, 52
- Central High School (Little Rock), 159, 160
- Chalmers, Allen Knight, 110
- Cheraw Chronicle, 172, 208
- Chicago Daily News, 148-149
- Chicago Sun-Times, 180
- Childs, Margaretta P., 48
- Christian Advocate, 169
- Christian Council on Human Relations, 169
- Citadel, The, 125, 178
- Citizens Council, 32, 37, 38, 41, 45-53, 54, 55, 57, 58, 63, 64, 65, 75, 83, 84, 86, 89, 92, 98, 105, 132, 187, 188, 189, 164, 169, 170, 171, 192-193
- Citizens Council, The, 48
- Civil Rights Act (1957), 154-158, 163
- Civil Rights Bill (1956), 154
- Clarendon County Case (Briggs et al vs Elliott, et al), 10, 12-20, 21, 28, 76-77, 81, 82, 90, 94, 95, 189
- Clarendon County Civic League, 74
- Clark, H. B., 29, 68
- Clark, Mark, 125-126, 137
- Clement, A. J., Jr., 71, 81, 90, 96
- Clemson College, 11, 102-103
- Cleveland, Grover, 137
- Coker, Robert R., 27
- Colvin, E. E., 38, 66, 79
- Committee of 52, 27-28
- Communism (including Communist Party), 24, 28, 39, 40, 43, 44, 45, 57, 62, 65, 67, 102, 111, 121, 122, 123, 124, 131, 132, 138, 140, 147, 168, 196, 200
- “Concerned South Carolinians”, 170-173
- Cook, Eugene, 112
- Cook, Pierce E., 57-58
- Corbit. Lynn. 62
- Cousins. Norman, 110
- Cousins, Ralph, 170
- Crawford, Leon, 143
- Criswell, W. A., 60-61
- Crosswell, W. M., 193
- Crow, E. Ryan, 93, 185
- Cruell, Claude and Fannie, 40-41
- Culbertson, John Bolt, 174
- D
- Dabbs, James M., 173-174
- Dabbs, Mrs. James M., 170, 173
- Daniels, G. G., 76
- Davies, Ronald N., 109-110, 158, 161
- Davis, Henry E., 86, 98
- Davis, James B., 66
- Davis, John W., 18
- Debnam, W. E., 152
- DeLaine, J. A., 86
- Democratic National Convention (1936), 6, 7;
- (1956) 113
- Democratic Party, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 15, 22, 24, 80, 128, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 161, 165
- Dewey, Thomas, 25, 142
- Dixiecrats, 131, 133, 134, 138
- Dobie, Armisted M., 17, 20
- Dorn, William Jennings Bryan, 6, 27, 49, 142, 146, 155, 156
- Douglas, W. Ernest, 174
- Dulles, John Foster, 25
- E
- Eastland, James O., 27, 50
- Edisto Beach State Park, 88, 104, 127
- Education and Race Relations, 34
- Edwards, B. M., 124
- Edwards, E. L., 26, 39
- Eisenhower, Dwight D., 8, 23, 26, 39, 95, 105, 131, 138, 140, 142, 143, 154, 157, 158, 161, 164, 208, 204
- Ellis, R. Archie, 124
- Elmore, George, 5, 82
- Episcopal Church, 61-62
- Evans, J. Claude, 169, 170
- Evans, J. Walker, 85
- F
- Faubus, Orval, 109, 158, 160, 161, 203
- Federal aid to education, 99-100, 102-103, 198
- Federal Bureau of Investigation, 121
- Federation for Constitutional Government, 38, 45, 137
- F.E.P.C., 134, 135, 139
- Fielding-Reid, Francis, 185
- Figg, Robert McC., 13, 14, 20
- Fitzhugh, George, 79
- Flemming, Sarah Mae, 126
- For America, 45
- Ford Foundation, 13
- Ford, Henry, II, 40
- Fort Jackson, 102, 157
- Frazier, E. Franklin, 27
- Fugitive Slave Law, 105
- Fund for the Republic, 169
- G
- Gallup Poll, 72-73
- Gamecock, The, 176-177
- Garrett, Charles G., 89
- Gaud, Henry, 143
- Gentry, John T., 114
- George, Walter, 136
- Goebbels, Joseph., 186
- Golden, Harry, 91
- Grant, Ulysses S., 25
- Grass Roots League, 24, 38, 44-45, 137
- Graydon, Clint T., 155
- Gressette, L. Marion, 17, 77, 79, 95, 107, 109, 122, 161-162
- Gressette School Segregation Committee, 17, 93, 96-97, 103, 105, 115, 147, 161
- Grimball, William H., Jr., 114
- Grossman, Fred, 150
- Guerry, Edward B., 27, 65
- Guess, Dorothy Moore, 168, 180
- H
- Haigh, Charles D., 81
- Hammerstein, Oscar, II, 110
- Hammond, James H., 26
- Hampton, Wade, 129, 143
- Handlin, Oscar, 30
- Harlan, John Marshall, 26
- Harman, H. Odelle, 63
- Harmon, Nolan B., 59
- Harper’s, 29-30, 72
- Harrell, George S., 26, 108, 115
- Harrelson, D. M., 174
- Harrigan, Anthony, 172
- Harriman, Averill, 136, 149
- Hart, John Calhoun, 103, 112, 113, 115, 116, 164
- Hartford Convention, 92, 105
- Hastie, William, 110
- Hemphill, Robert, 157
- Herbert, R. Beverley, 27, 124, 172
- Hilton, Henrietta, 73
- Hilton, Leroy, 73
- Hilton, Morgan, 73
- Hilton, William, 73
- Hinton, James M., 6, 22, 74, 76, 77, 80, 81, 82, 87, 110, 129, 180
- Hitler, Adolf, 62, 150, 181, 183, 186
- Hoffman, Edwin, 117-128
- Holler, J. C., 59
- Hollings, Ernest F., 31, 77, 86, 95, 97-98, 163
- Holmes, J. Arthur, 76
- Horlbeck, John M., 108, 114
- Horn, Joseph, 170
- Hughes, Jerry M., 58
- Hutchins, Guy, 86-87
- I
- Independent (Anderson), 23-24, 25, 26, 35, 42, 50, 66, 75, 77, 85, 101-102, 103, 107, 109, 111, 128, 133, 135, 136, 139, 140, 152, 154, 158, 160, 168, 203
- Interdenominational Ministerial Alliance (Columbia), 76, 124
- Interposition, 105-110
- Island in the Sun, 115
- Ivey, G. L., 43, 86, 88, 96
- J
- Jackson, Larry, 170
- James, F. C., 121
- James, William, 77
- Jefferson, Thomas, 136, 137, 145
- Jenkins, Micah, 44, 45, 47, 48, 137, 138
- Jerome, Emmette, 169
- Johnson, Lyndon, 136, 155, 157
- Johnston, Olin D., 4, 6, 22, 50, 136, 143, 154, 156, 157, 160, 203, 204
- Jones, Bob, 65
- Jones, E. S., 58
- K
- Keels, Thomas D., 193
- Kefauver, Estes, 40, 135, 136, 139, 140
- Kennard, J. Spencer, 124, 125
- Kilpatrick, James J., 105
- King, Arthur Locke, 172
- Knights of Columbus, 89
- Knowland, William, 157
- Ku Klux Klan, 7, 12, 26, 38-42, 46, 51, 87-88, 111, 112, 165, 178, 174, 179, 192
- L
- Lamb, J. Harold, 162
- Lane, J. M., 64
- Latimer, Samuel, 110, 149-150, 158
- Lawrence, David, 147, 153, 202
- Le Clerq, Fred, 177
- Lee, J. Bracken, 137
- Lee, Robert E., 92, 148
- Life, 147
- Lighthouse and Informer, 129, 180
- Lincoln, Abraham, 142
- Lines, Stiles B., 86-87
- Little Rock Affair, 109-110, 148, 158-162, 178, 208
- Living Church, The, 62
- Long, John D., 162
- Look, 147
- Lutheran Church, 68
- Lyles, John, 170
- M
- Mance, R. A., 120
- Mann, Woodrow Wilson, 159, 160
- Manning, Wyndham, 27
- Mansfield, Mrs. E. R., 182-183
- Marshall, Thurgood, 13-14, 15, 18, 51, 83, 88, 90
- Martin, E. M., 174
- Martin, Robert P., 178
- Mason, E. R., 65, 86
- Maybank, Burnet R., Jr., 50
- Maybank, Burnet R., Sr., 4, 9, 22, 180
- Mays, Benjamin E., 71, 110
- Mdodana, P. B., 82
- Meany, George, 164
- Mein Kampf, 181
- Mellette, Billy, 177
- Mencken, H. L., 49
- Methodist Church, 50-51, 55, 56-59
- Methodist Church, Southeastern Jurisdiction, 55
- Miller, Thomas R., 181
- Mitchell, Clarence, 113, 183
- Moore, Charles, 179
- Moore, Fred, 54
- Morehouse College, 71
- Morning News (Florence), 24, 25, 30-31, 33, 41-42, 43, 50, 56, 58, 67, 68, 71, 77, 84, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 102, 106, 111, 113, 119, 133, 134, 135, 136, 139, 141, 145, 155, 158, 160, 167, 177, 178, 179, 180, 203
- Morris, John B., 170, 178
- Morris, W. A., 182
- Morse, Stanley F., 24, 41, 86, 137, 182
- Morse, Wayne, 157
- Murray J. B., 57
- Myrdal, Gunnar, 22, 26, 27, 89
- Mc
- “McCarthyism”, 111, 121
- McClary, Webster, 75
- McClung, Carolyn, 176
- McCord, L. B., 24, 47, 57, 64
- McCray, John, 6, 80, 124
- McFaddin, James H., 54, 203-204
- McFaddin, T. H., 98
- McKinley, Carlyle, 2
- McLaughlin, Mr. and Mrs. Carl B., 172
- McMaster, J. G., 33
- McMillan, John L., 50
- McMillan, Lewis K., 11
- McNair, Robert E., 155
- McQueen, Cleveland M., 11
- N
- Nation, The, 12
- National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 3, 5, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 19, 22, 28, 30, 32, 36, 39, 40, 43, 45, 46, 50, 51, 52, 53, 58, 64, 65, 67, 68, 71, 74, 75, 77, 79, 80, 81-91, 96, 104, 110-111, 113, 116, 129, 130, 135, 137, 141, 142, 149, 150, 152, 159, 160, 163, 170, 171, 174, 179, 182, 183, 196
- National Association for the Advancement of White People, 12, 38, 42-43, 96
- National Council of Churches, 40, 52, 69
- National Education Association, 101
- Neff, Lawrence, 67
- Negro Baptist State Convention, 76
- Negro Citizens Committee of South Carolina, 187
- New York Herald Tribune, 147, 148
- New York Times, 32, 73, 147, 148, 149
- News and Courier (Charleston), 2, 7, 22-23, 24, 25, 26, 27-28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33-34, 35, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 49, 50, 54, 56, 57, 63, 64, 67, 68-69, 72, 75, 77-78, 79, 84, 86, 87, 88, 92, 93, 96, 98, 99-100, 101, 102-103, 107, 108, 109, 112, 114, 116, 126, 128, 130-131, 132, 134, 135, 136-137, 139, 140, 141, 143, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 158, 159, 163-164, 167, 168, 169, 172, 177, 180, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187
- Niebuhr, Reinhold, 65
- Nixon, Richard M., 112, 138, 142, 158, 159
- O
- O’Dowd, Jack H., 24, 30-31, 56, 58, 77, 85, 96, 99, 111, 136, 155, 167, 177, 178-180
- Orangeburg boycotts, 51-54
- Ott, E. Mitchell. 153-154
- Oxnam, G. Bromley, 40
- P
- Palmetto Education Association, 73-74, 96, 199
- Palmetto State Voters Association, 80-81, 148
- Parker, Barrington, 142-143
- Parker, John J., 13, 14, 20, 126
- Patrick, J. J., 64-65
- Peale, Norman Vincent, 68
- Petit, Harold A., 186
- Pierce, Bob, 149
- Pitts, Oscar, 142
- Plessy vs. Ferguson, 3, 22, 26, 126
- Poag, Fred V., 64
- Pollock, William, 164
- Poole, Robert E., 102
- Pope, Thomas H., 27, 155
- Powell, Adam Clayton, 139, 142
- Powell, Joe B., 180
- Pridgen, Paul M., 68
- Pritchett, Carl, 64
- Progressive Democratic Party, 6-7, 73, 75, 80, 124
- R
- Randolph, A. Philip, 110
- Rankin, Henry, 63
- Ravenel, Arthur, Jr., 153
- Rayburn, Sam, 136
- Rea, C. A., 42
- Record, (Columbia), 23, 25, 26, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34-35, 50, 54, 72, 76, 77, 81, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 101, 106, 109, 111-112, 114, 126, 131, 134, 135, 141, 160, 184, 185
- Record, Wilson, 196
- Reid, Frank Madison, 75-76
- Reporter, The, 52
- Republican Party, 8, 24, 128, 130, 131, 134, 137, 138, 141, 142, 143, 163
- Reuther, Walter, 139, 165
- Rice vs. Elmore, 4
- Richards, James P., 106, 161, 171, 172
- Richmond News Leader, 105
- Rideout, John G., 117-123
- Riley, E. P., 142
- Riley, John J., 49, 50, 121
- Rivers, L. Mendel, 45, 49, 50, 106, 131, 154, 157
- Rochester, A. Marshall, 41
- Rockefeller, Winthrop, 203
- Rogers, James A., 31, 33, 77, 135, 136, 139, 140
- Rogers, S. Emory, 13, 20, 46, 48, 55, 89, 106, 138
- Roosevelt, Eleanor, 39, 139
- Roosevelt, Franklin D., 8, 39, 130, 131, 135, 188
- Rowell, Robert, 67
- Ruppert, C. H., 151
- Russell, Donald S., 100, 151-152, 175, 176
- Russell, Richard B., 142, 203
- Rutledge, Archibald, 69
- S
- Sanders, Claudia Thomas, 172, 173
- Sanders, Dr. James H., 172
- Sass, Herbert Ravenel, 27, 30, 181
- Sass, M. H., 144
- Saturday Evening Post, 147
- School Boards Association, 99
- Secrest, Andrew McDowd, 172
- Shean, Maurice, 169
- Siceloff, Courtney, 169
- Simkins, Francis B., 9, 181
- Simkins, Mojeska, 129
- Sinkler, Huger, 25
- Smith, Edna M., 68
- Smith, Ellison D. (“Cotton Ed”), 6, 46, 138, 187
- Smith, Ellison D., Jr., 27
- Smith, Farley, 27, 46, 138, 144, 161
- Smith, Lewis, 124, 125
- Smith vs. Allwright, 4
- Somersett, W. A., 165-166
- South Carolina Citizens Committee, 74
- South Carolina Conference of Education, 100
- South Carolina Council on Human Relations, 169
- South Carolina Education Association, 99, 175
- South Carolina Electric and Gas Co., 126, 186
- South Carolina Farm Bureau Federation, 34, 96
- South Carolina Federation of Women’s Clubs, 99, 169
- South Carolinians for Independent Electors (South Carolina Independent Democrats), 80, 138-144, 161, 165
- Southern Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, 10
- Southern Baptist Convention, 55, 60, 61
- Southern Historical Association, 181
- Southern Manifesto, 40, 169
- Southern Methodist Church, 62-63
- Southern Presbyterian Assembly, 55
- Southern Regional Council, 169, 173
- Spearman, Alice N., 169
- Spingarn, Arthur B., 110
- Spruill, James A., 155
- Stafford, G. Jackson, 60, 174
- Stalin, Joseph, 8
- Star (Marion), 130
- State (Columbia), 26, 102, 109-110, 127, 147-148, 149, 158, 160, 184
- State Agricultural and Mechanical College for Negroes, 11, 53, 82, 95, 104, 111, 118, 128
- State Board of Education, 116, 117-118, 120, 121, 123
- State Law Enforcement Division, 53, 172-173
- State Library Board, 104, 113, 114
- States Rights League, 38, 43-44, 45
- Stevens, Thaddeus, 25
- Stevenson, Adlai, 131, 135, 139, 140, 143, 159
- Stoney, Thomas P., 139
- Strobel, Hydrick, 76
- Stuckey, J. Henry, 114
- Summers, S. J., Jr., 63
- Supreme Court (United States), 3, 17-20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 35, 37, 38, 43, 44, 58, 60, 61, 62, 65, 72, 74, 76, 85, 86, 92, 93, 95, 96, 97, 98, 103, 104, 108, 111, 116, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 129, 131, 132, 134, 139, 144, 167, 169, 170, 171, 173, 175, 178, 183, 184, 185, 199
- Surles, Flora Bell, 186
- Swimming Hole, The, 113-114
- Swinton, Sylvia, 117
- Syracuse Post-Standard, 149
- T
- Taft, Robert A., 137
- Taft-Hartley Act, 140, 188
- Talmadge, Herman, 142
- Textile Workers Union of America, 164
- Then My Old Kentucky Home Good Night, 152
- Thomas, Albert S., 27, 67
- Thompson, Eldridge. 88, 192
- Thurmond, J. Strom, 7, 8, 22, 26, 35, 50, 128, 134, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 203
- Till, Emmett, 86
- Tillman, Ben, 137
- Time, 147, 148, 180
- Timmerman, George Bell, Jr., 4, 31, 36, 42, 53-54, 60, 77, 80, 89, 90, 93-95, 100, 102, 106, 107, 108, 116-125, 129-130, 132, 133, 134, 147, 156-167, 158, 161, 171, 175
- Timmerman, George Bell, Sr., 13, 14, 20, 60, 93, 126
- Tobias, Channing, 83, 110
- Toth, André, 117, 119
- Travelstead, Chester C., 167, 175-177
- Truax, Carlton, 25
- Trujillo, Rafael Leonidas, 149
- Truman, Harry S., 7, 8, 15, 29, 131, 139, 188
- Turner, Benner C., 54, 95, 118
- Turner, Sherwood, 40-41
- Turnipseed, Barnwell Rhett, 59
- U
- Un-American Activities Committee, 27, 40, 110, 117, 124
- United Church Women, 170
- United Southern Employees Association, 165-166
- University of Chicago, 180
- University of South Carolina, 2, 11, 100, 118, 122, 123, 167, 174, 175, 176, 177, 202
- U. S. News and World Report, 147, 158
- V
- Vanwright, James, 76
- Veal, Frank, 117-118, 120, 121, 123
- Victory Savings Bank, 52
- Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions, 105
- W
- Wallace, David Duncan, 7
- Wallace, Lewis, 103
- Walterboro Press and Standard, 111
- Waring, George W., 45
- Waring, J. Waties, 5-6, 7, 13, 15, 17, 188
- Waring, Thomas R., 7, 23, 29-30, 46, 72, 126, 132, 148, 168, 183
- Warr, O. L., 98
- Warren, Earl, 19, 22, 23, 26, 142
- Washington, Booker T., 77, 79
- Washington Post and Times-Herald, 147, 204
- Watson, Albert W., 114
- Waugh, Alec, 115
- We The People, 43
- Wheeler, Paul, 124
- Weep No More My Lady, 152
- White, Walter, 14
- Wiggins, Forrest O., 117-123
- Williams, Norton, 28-29
- Wilkes, Gilbert, 31-32, 79, 186
- Wilkins, Roy, 84, 89
- Williams, Ashton H., 88
- Williams, G. Mennen, 136
- Williams, John Bell, 139
- Williams, Marshall, 79
- Williams, Ransome J., 27
- Wilson, Woodrow, 137
- Woodson, M. A., 65
- Workman, W. D., Jr., 24, 27, 28, 32, 35, 72, 77, 88, 93, 98, 108-109, 152-153
- Wrighten, John, 11