INTRODUCTORY.
THE PROBLEM.
Ye build! ye build! but ye enter not in,
Like the tribes whom the desert devoured in their sin;
From the land of promise ye fade and die,
Ere its verdure gleams forth on your wearied eye.
—Mrs. Sigourney.
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The work investigates why industrial progress and increased productive power often coexist with persistent or worsening poverty, rejecting common explanations such as the Malthusian claim that population inevitably outstrips subsistence. It reconstructs the laws of distribution—rent, wages, and interest—showing rent as the central force that, through rising land values under private ownership, absorbs gains from progress and limits the advance of wages and returns to capital. The analysis traces how population growth and technical improvement magnify land rents and wealth concentration and advocates capturing unimproved land value through public appropriation or taxation as a remedy.
THE PROBLEM.