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Putnam's Word Book / A Practical Aid in Expressing Ideas Through the Use of an Exact and Varied Vocabulary cover

Putnam's Word Book / A Practical Aid in Expressing Ideas Through the Use of an Exact and Varied Vocabulary

Chapter 10: E
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About This Book

The volume compiles synonyms, antonyms, and associated words in alphabetic order to aid precise expression, including abbreviations and usage notes. It emphasizes that listed words are similar but not always interchangeable and encourages consulting a dictionary for exact meanings. The collection includes technical and regional terms, memory-help associated-word lists, and an addenda of additional entries. Its practical organization targets students, writers, and specialists seeking alternatives and nuanced vocabulary.

E

Eager, a. ardent, avid, zealous, impetuous, vehement, intent, animated, impatient, fervent, athirst, impassioned ravenous, anxious, glowing, keen. Antonyms: indifferent, apathetic, dispassionate, phlegmatic, unconcerned unmoved, stolid.

eagerness, n. impatience, avidity, fervor, zeal, intensity, empressement, impetuosity, vehemence, heartiness, intentness ardor, devotion.

eagle, n. Aquila, bird of Jove; eaglet (young eagle). Associated words: aquiline, eyry, aerie.

ear, n. (of grain) spike.

ear, n. (external) auricle, pinna, concha; (inner) labyrinth. Associated words: otology, otologist, aurist (ear doctor), auricular, otography, otopathy, aural, auditory, otiatrics, lappet, otoplasty, tympanitis, otorrhea, auricled, alveary, otolith, lobe, otic, binaural, malleus, stapes, incus.

earache, n. otalgia, otalgy. Associated word: otalgic.

eardrum, n. tympanum.

earlier, a. antecedent.

early, a. seasonable, timely, forehanded; premature.

earnest, a. unfeigned, ardent, sincere, fervent, impassioned, zealous, intent.

earnest, n. sincerity, seriousness, good faith; pledge, handsel, token, foretaste. Antonym: jest.

earnestness, n. ardor, sincerity, fervency, seriousness, intentness, unction.

earpick, n. auriscalp.

earring, n. eardrop, pendant; girandole.

ear-shaped, a. auriform.

earth, n. world, terra firma, globe; land, soil, ground. See world.

earthborn, a. terrigenous, human; groveling, abject, base.

earthenware, n. crockery, pottery, stoneware, porcelain, Delftware.

earthling, n. mortal, tellurian, tellurist.

earthly, a. worldly, carnal, groveling, sordid; terrestrial, terrine; temporal; possible, conceivable.

earthly-minded, a. worldly-minded, sensual, groveling, unspiritual.

earthquake, n. earthshock, earth tremor. Associated words: seismology, seismic, seismography, seismometry, seismal, seismometer, seismograph, seismogram, seismoscope, microseism, microseismic, meizoseismal, coscismal, anaseismic, isoseismic.

earthwork, n. fortification, embankment.

earthworm, n. angleworm, dewworm, lumbric, lumbricus.

earthy, a. terrestrial, terrene, earthly; gross, carnal, groveling, low.

ear-trumpet, n. sonifer, otophone, auricle.

earwax, n. cerumen.

ease, n. facility, easiness; repose, quiescence, comfort, tranquillity, contentment, peace, serenity; unrestraint, informality, abandon. Antonyms: constraint, difficulty, discomfort, uneasiness, awkwardness.

ease, v. facilitate, mitigate, appease, assuage, allay, soothe, alleviate, palliate, release, relax, mollify.

easiness, n. ease, facility.

east, a. Associated words: orientate, orientation, Orient, Orientalism, Orientalist, orientalize, orientality.

eastern, a. oriental, orient, ortive.

easy, a. facile, slight; comfortable, untroubled, quiet, tranquil; gullible, facile, credulous, submissive, compliant, tractable; affluent, independent; smooth, fluent, unconstrained.

easy-going, a. mild-tempered, ease-loving, unenterprising, inactive, happy-go-lucky.

eat, v. feed, devour; bolt, gulp, gorge. Antonyms: abstain, fast, diet, starve, famish.

eat, v. consume, corrode, erode, fret.

eatable, a. edible, comestible, esculent. Antonym: inedible.

eaten away. eroded, erose, fretted.

eating, n. feeding, repast; (excess in eating) gluttony, gormandism, bolting, gulping, superalimentation; browsing. Associated words: aristology, gastronomy, gastronome, gastronomer, epicure, epicurism, diet, dietetics, dietary, commensal, dietarian, gastronomic, gourmet, gormand, cormorant, glutton, omnivorous, appetite, hunger, hungry, gustatory, pantophagist, pantophagous, pantophagy.

eating, n. corrosion, erosion, fretting, canker.

eating-house, n. restaurant, café, chophouse, buffet.

eating-room, n. dining-room, refectory.

eating together. commensalism.

ebb, n. reflux, refluence; decline, wane, deterioration, retrogression.

ebb, v. recede, return, retire; decline, wane, deteriorate, decay.

ebbing, a. receding, refluent, falling.

eccentric, a. whimsical, erratic, unconventional, irregular, odd, idiosyncratic.

eccentricity, n. whimsicality, oddness, unconventionality, freakishness, irregularity.

echo, n. reverberation. Associated word: catacoustics.

echo, v. resound, reverberate.

eclipse, n. occultation; obscuration, extinction, concealment, outrivaling.

eclipse, v. obscure, outshine, surpass, outrival, overcast.

economical, a. frugal, saving, thrifty, provident. Antonyms: See extravagant.

economize, v. save, retrench, husband.

economy, n. thrift, frugality, thriftiness, retrenchment; management, administration, system.

eczema, n. tetter, milk crust.

eddy, n. vortex, whirlpool.

edge, n. verge, brink, border, margin, rim, extremity; sharpness, intensity, zest, poignancy, sting; selvage, selvedge, listing; bevel, flange.

edge, v. sharpen, fringe, border, rim; hitch along.

edgy, a. touchy, sharp, irritable, excitable, irascible.

edible, a. eatable, esculent, comestible. Antonym: inedible

edict, n. mandate, decree, proclamation, rescript, manifesto, ordinance.

educate, v. teach, instruct, school, nurture, edify, enlighten.

educated, a. learned, versed, erudite, scholarly, enlightened, schooled, literate.

education, n. culture, learning, schooling, tuition, scholarship, nurture, enlightenment, literacy.

efface, v. expunge, obliterate, erase, eradicate.

effect, n. result, outcome, consequence, issue; validity, force, weight; execution, performance, realization; meaning, tenor, purport, intent; ensemble.

effect, v. effectuate, accomplish, realize, achieve, consummate, compass.

effective, a. effectual, efficient, potent, cogent, availing, productive.

effectual, a. efficacious, effective, efficient, availing, successful. Antonym: ineffectual.

effeminate, a. womanish, unmanly, cockney.--n. cockney.

effervescence, n. ebullition. Antonyms: ineffervescence, defervescence.

effete, a. exhausted, infecund, unfruitful, wasted, barren.

efficacious, a. potent, effectual, effective, productive. Antonym: inefficacious.

efficacy, n. potency, effectiveness, efficiency, productiveness. Antonyms: inefficacy, impotency.

efficient, a. competent, capable, proficient, effectual, potent, efficacious.

effort, n. attempt, endeavor, trial, essay, venture, exertion, strain, struggle.

egg, n. ovum, germ, cell; spawn. Associated words: oölogy, oölogist, ovology, oviferous, yolk, glair, albumen, embryo, oviparous, oviposit, oviposition, vitellus, fecundate, impregnate, impregnation, fecundity, clutch, vitelline, oviduct, Ovipara, ovulation, ovulist, tread, treadle, chalaza, addle, oömeter, oöscope, spawn.

egg, v. urge on, instigate, incite.

egg-shaped, a. oval, ovoid, oviform.

egotism, n. self-conceit, vanity, egoism, self-exaltation.

egotistical, a. conceited, overweening, vain, self-conceited, self-important, opinionated.

Egyptian dancing girl. alme; ghawazi.

Egyptian peasant. fellah.

Egyptian ruler. Khedive.

eight, n. Associated words: octonary, octopede, octant, octave, octavo, octet, octic, octad, octameter.

eight-angled, a. octangular, octagonal.

eightfold, a. octuple.

eight-sided, a. octagonal, octahedral, octangular.

eight-sided figure. octagon.

eight-sided solid. octahedron.

eight tones. Associated words: diatonic, diatonically.

eight years. octennium. Associated words: octennial, octennially.

eighty years. Associated words: octogenarian, octogenary.

eject, v. void, discharge; oust, evict, dislodge.

ejection, n. voiding, discharge; ousting, dispossession.

elastic, a. resilient, springy, extensible, ductile, rebounding, tensible.

elasticity, n. resiliency, springiness, extensibility, ductility. Antonyms: inelasticity, irresilience.

elated, a. elate, exhilarated, overjoyed, jubilant.

electric, a. stimulating, inspiriting, electrifying, magnetic, thrilling.

elegance, n. beauty, grace, richness, sumptuousness, luxuriousness.

elegant, a. courtly, sumptuous, luxurious, rich.

element, n. constituent, ingredient; pl. rudiments, first principles.

elemental, a. rudimental, elementary, constituent.

elementary, a. rudimental, elemental, constituent, primary; simple, uncompounded.

elephant, n. Associated words: howdah, pachyderm, kraal, corral, keddah, ankus, mahout.

elevate, v. lift, raise; promote, advance, aggrandize, exalt; ennoble, dignify.

elevation, n. promotion, aggrandizement, exaltation, dignity, advancement; eminence, hill.

eleven years. Associated words: undecennary, undecennial, undecennially.

elf, n. sprite, fairy, imp, fay, gnome, urchin.

elfish, n. mischievous, impish, elvish, prankish.

embankment, n. levee, dike; terreplein.

embarrass, v. disconcert, discompose, mortify, abash, chagrin, nonplus, pose, perplex; impede, obstruct, annoy, involve, harass, hamper, incumber.

embarrassing, a. disconcerting, distressing, perplexing, confusing.

embarrassment, n. discomposure, chagrin, abashment, mortification, disconcertion.

embellish, v. decorate, beautify, garnish, bedeck, ornament.

embellishment, n. adornment, decoration, beautification, ornamentation; ornament, garniture, garnish, trimming.

embezzle, v. peculate, defalcate.

embezzlement, n. peculation, defalcation.

embezzler, n. defalcator, peculator.

embroidery frame. tabouret.

embryo, a. undeveloped, rudimentary.

emery, n. abradant.

emigrant, n. emigrator, immigrant.

emigrate, v. migrate.

emigration, n. migration, exodus; emigrants.

eminent, a. distinguished, renowned, illustrious, famous, celebrated.

emphasis, n. accentuation.

emphasize, v. accentuate.

empire, n. sovereignty, sway, dominion, supremacy; realm, domain, kingdom.

emptiness, n. vacancy, inanition; hollowness, mockery, inanity; space, vacuum, void; frivolity, triviality, senselessness.

empty, a. depleted, vacant, inane; unoccupied, void, vacant, unfilled, tenantless, blank, evacuated; free, devoid of, lacking, destitute; senseless, hollow, vain, delusive, unsatisfying, inane, unreal; deflated.

empty, v. deplete, exhaust, unload, unburden, evacuate; disembogue; deflate.

emptying, n. depletion, exhaustion, evacuation, discharge, vacating.

enamel, n. Associated words: cloisonné, champlevé.

enchant, v. bewitch, charm, enrapture, captivate, enravish, transport, delight.

enchantment, n. charm, witchery, fascination, glamour, illusion; sorcery, conjuration, witchcraft, spell. Antonyms: disenchantment, disillusionment.

enchantress, n. siren, inamorata, charmer, sorceress, witch.

encircle, v. environ, encompass, surround, gird, circumscribe, enfold.

encounter, n. meeting, collision, rencounter; battle, contest, conflict, onslaught, attack.

encourage, v. enhearten, reassure, embolden, inspirit, stimulate, revive, rally, foment, countenance, incite.

encouragement, n. enheartenment, reassurance, incentive, stimulation, stimulus, incitement, fomentation, patronage, countenance.

encouraging, a. reassuring, inspiriting, cheering, assuring.

encroach, v. trespass, intrude, intrench, infringe, trench, invade.

encroachment, n. trespass, intrusion, intrenchment, infringement, invasion, inroad.

end, n. termination, terminal, terminus, extremity, limit, bound; close, finale, conclusion, finis, cessation; issue, result, consequence, sequel, conclusion, peroration; purpose, intention, design, aim, goal, object, intent; remnant, fragment; extermination, annihilation, destruction; surcease.

end, v. terminate, conclude, finish, discontinue, cease, close.

endable, a. terminable.

endanger, v. imperil.

ending, n. termination, conclusion.

endless, a. interminable, illimitable, limitless, unlimited, boundless, infinite; continuous, uninterrupted, continual perpetual, unending, eternal, everlasting.

endowment, n. dotation, bounty, grant, bequest, talent, faculty, dower.

endurable, a. sufferable, tolerable. Antonyms: unendurable, insufferable.

endurance, n. permanence, continuance, persistence, abidance, continuation; sufferance, patience, fortitude, forbearance, resignation, toleration.

endure, v. suffer, experience, undergo; stand, brook, tolerate, submit to, abide; sustain, support, bear; last, abide, continue, remain, persist. Antonyms: succumb, falter, yield, surrender.

enduring, a. lasting, durable, permanent, imperishable.

enemy, n. foe, adversary, opponent, antagonist, rival, hostile. Associated words: hostile, hostility, feud, enmity, inimical, antagonism.

energetic, a. forcible, potent, vigorous, cogent, active, strenuous, effective.

energizing, a. potent, vitalizing, invigorating, alacrifying.

energy, n. power, potency, force, vigor, zeal, strength effectiveness.

engage, v. pledge, bind, commit; betroth, affiance, plight; engross, employ, busy, occupy.