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Revolutionary Europe, 1789-1815

Chapter 19: APPENDIX V.
By H. Morse Stephens
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About This Book

The author traces Europe’s transformation between 1789 and 1815, arguing that emerging ideas of popular sovereignty, nationality, and personal liberty reshaped governments and societies. A concise introductory chapter outlines these principles, followed by chronological national studies that treat the French Revolution’s continental impact, revolts such as in Belgium and Liège, administrative and military reforms in states like Prussia, and the diplomatic reordering after Napoleon, including the Congress of Vienna. Battles and campaigns are summarized sparingly while political, social, and institutional changes receive fuller treatment, connecting events to longer-term shifts in boundaries, state structures, and civil rights.

APPENDIX V.

Napoleon’s Ministers during the Consulate and Empire 1799–1814.
  Foreign Affairs. Interior. Finances. War. Marine. Justice. Police. Public Worship.  
1799. 9 Nov. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord. (Prince of Benevento 5 June 1806.) 12 Nov. Pierre Simon Laplace. (Count 24 April 1808.) 10 Nov. Martin Michel Charles Gaudin. (Count 26 April 1808; Duke of Gaeta 15 Aug. 1809.) 10 Nov. Louis Alexandre Berthier. 24 Nov. Pierre Alexandre Laurent Forfait. 19 July. Jean Jacques Régis Cambacéres. (Duke of Parma 24 April 1808.) 20 July. Joseph Fouché.   1799.
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 25 Dec. Lucien Bonaparte.
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 25 Dec. André Joseph Abrial. (Count 26 April 1808.)    
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1800.
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 12 April. Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot.
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       1800.
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 6 Nov. Jean Antoine Chaptal. (Count 26 April 1808; Count of Chanteloup 25 March 1810.)
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 8 Oct. Louis Alexandre Berthier. (Prince of Neufchâtel 13 March 1806; Prince of Wagram 31 Dec. 1809.)
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1801.
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 1 Oct. Denis Decrès (Count June 1808; Duke 28 April 1813.)       1801.
1802.
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 15 Sept. Claude Ambroise Regnier. (Count 24 April 1808; Duke of Massa 15 Aug. 1809.) 15 Sept. (Ministry abolished.)   1802.
1803.
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     1803.
1804.
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 1 Aug. Jean Baptiste Nompère de Champagny.
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 10 July. Joseph Fouché. (Count 24 April 1808; Duke of Otranto 15 Aug. 1809.) July. Jean Étienne Marie Portalis. 1804.
1805.
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 1805.
1806.
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 1806.
1807. 8 Aug. Jean Baptiste Nompère de Champagny. (Count 24 April 1808; Duke of Cadore 15 Aug. 1809.) 9 Aug. Emmanuel Cretet. (Count of Champmol 26 April 1808.)
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 9 Aug. Henrí Jacques Guillaume Clarke. (Count of Hunebourg 24 April 1808; Duke of Feltre 15 Aug. 1809.)
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 Aug. Félix Julíen Jean Bigot de Préameneu. (Count 24 April 1808.) 1807.
1808.
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 1808.
1809.
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 1 Oct. Jean Pierre Bachasson de Montalivet. (Comte 27 Nov. 1808.)
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 1809.
1810.
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 June 8. Anne Jean Marie René Savary. (Duke of Rovigo 1808.)
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 1810.
1811. 17 April. Hugues Bernard Maret. (Count 3 May 1809; Duke of Bassano 15 Aug. 1809.)
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 1811.
1812.
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 1812.
1813. 20 Nov. Armand Augustin Louis Caulaincourt. (Duke of Vicenza 7 June 1808.)
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 1813.
1814.
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 1814.