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Roumania Past and Present

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The author offers a combined traveler's account and concise history of Roumania, surveying its contemporary political position between larger powers, debates over Danube navigation, and the social transformation produced by the creation of peasant proprietorship; he reports on institutions, commerce, public works, and daily life from direct observation, and traces the national past from Roman conquest and successive migrations to recent reforms, all illustrated and supported by maps, portraits, plans, and photographic reproductions.

L.

  • Law and Jurisprudence:
  • capital punishment abolished, and its substitutes, 101, 102, 106.
  • courts of justice, 100.
  • crime, statistics of, 103.
  • Doftana, visit to salt mine of, 104, 105.
  • expenditure for judicial and penal purposes, 112.
  • prisons of Roumania, 102-10.
  • prisoners, treatment of, 102, 104, 106, 110, 111.
  • Vakareschti, visit, to prison of, 104, 105.

M.

  • Manufactures (see 'Commerce').
  •  
  • Meteorology:
  • climate and seasons of Roumania, 28.

P.

  • Philology:
  • language, constitution of the Roumanian, 95-97.
  • comparison of Latin, Roumanian, and English, 96.
  • Greek and other derivatives, 97.
  • Magyar words in Roumanian, 97.
  •  
  • Politics:
  • Austria and Roumania, and the Danube, 32-35, 267.
  • domestic, in Roumania, 267, 269.
  • English interests on the Danube, 34, 35.
  • foreign, in Roumania, 267-69.
  • future, 269.
  • land question, the, in Roumania and Ireland, 82-85.
  • leaders in, 257-67 (see also 'Biography').
  • Liberals, efforts of the, 267-70.
  • parties, state of, in Roumania, 235 note.

S.

  • Sociology:
  • amusements of the people, 46.
  • divorces in Roumania, 213, 214 note.
  • funerals, 56.
  • gipsies, their history, condition, and occupations, 49-54.
  • hospitals, 44-46, 68.
  • Jews, the, 57, 58.
  • land and houses, cost of, 47.
  • Lipovans, the, 54.
  • octroi duties and poll-tax, 57.
  • peasant proprietary, 82-6, and Appendix IV.
  • peasantry, types of, 7.
  • costumes of, 7, 8, 48, 49.
  • women, occupations of, 8, 48.
  • subterranean huts of, 10.
  • diseases of, 10.
  • police des mœurs, 45.
  • prisons and prison system, 101-10 (see 'Law').
  • upper classes, 46.
  • working classes, customs, wages, and condition in Bucarest, 46-49.

T.

  • Topography:
  • Bucarest, 5, 37-56.
  • Curtea d'Ardges, 58-64.
  • Danubian towns, 21.
  • Galatz, 67-70.
  • Ibrail, 72.
  • Jassy, 71, 72.
  • Roumanian towns, chief, 36, 37.
  • Sinaïa, 7, 15, 16.

Z.

  • Zoology:
  • buffaloes, 78.
  • fishes, 25.
  • sheep and cattle, 79.
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