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Rust, Smut, Mildew, & Mould: An Introduction to the Study of Microscopic Fungi

Chapter 56: INDEX.
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About This Book

This introduction surveys the microscopic fungi found on living plants, describing their structures, life cycles, and classification while guiding amateur microscopists in observation and identification. Chapters treat cluster-cups, spermogones, dimorphism, mildews, brands, smuts, rusts (including white rusts), moulds, and white mildews, and offer practical suggestions for collection and microscopy. An appendix supplies formal classifications and species descriptions for the orders discussed, and numerous figures illustrate typical forms and diagnostic features to aid field and laboratory study.

INDEX.

PAGE

  • Acrospores, 141
  • Æcidiacei, 189
  • Æcidiolum exanthematum, 22
  • Æcidium, 5
  • —— (Descriptions), 190
  • —— Euphorbiæ, 11
  • —— Galii, 15
  • —— leucospermum, 11
  • —— quadrifidum, 11
  • —— Ranunculacearum, 12
  • —— Saniculæ, 15
  • —— Thesii, 15
  • —— Tragopogonis, 5
  • Alternation of Generations, 38
  • Anemone brand, 60
  • —— cluster-cups, 10
  • Anther smut, 85
  • Antheridia, 129
  • Appendages or fulcra, 165
  • Appendix, 189
  • Aregma bulbosum, 69
  • —— (Descriptions), 195
  • —— gracilis, 71
  • —— mucronatum, 34
  • —— obtusatum, 73
  • Artotrogus, 151
  • Asci, 35
  • Ascomyces Rumicis, 161
  • Ascotricha chartarum, 175
  • —— (Descriptions), 221
  • Bean rust, 104
  • Bedstraw cluster-cups, 15
  • Beet rust, 104
  • Berberry cluster-cups, 16
  • Berberry mildew, 170
  • Birch rust, 118
  • —— wedge-rust, 118
  • Blackberry brand, 68
  • Bladder brand, 86
  • Blight, Berberry, 170
  • —— Burdock, 174
  • —— Crowfoot, 173
  • —— Dogwood, 174
  • —— Gooseberry, 171
  • —— Guelder-rose, 171
  • —— Hazel, 168
  • —— Hop, 169
  • —— Indian Cotton, 177
  • —— Maple, 167
  • —— Mealy Guelder-rose, 172
  • —— Mugwort, 174
  • —— Pea, 173
  • —— Plantain, 174
  • —— Rose, 166
  • —— Salsify, 174
  • —— Willow, 169
  • Boletus cyanescens, 106
  • Botrytis devastatrix, 153
  • —— fallax, 153
  • —— infestans, 153
  • Bramble brand, 68
  • Brand, Anemone, 60
  • —— Bladder, 86
  • —— Bramble, 68
  • —— Burnet chain, 73
  • —— Centaury, 63
  • —— Complex, 67
  • —— Dust, 76
  • —— Earth-nut, 64
  • —— Goatsbeard, 65
  • —— Ground-ivy, 59
  • —— Meadow-sweet, 67
  • —— Mint, 58
  • —— Pepper, 86
  • —— Periwinkle, 103
  • —— Raspberry, 71
  • —— Sanicle, 64
  • —— Strawberry, 72
  • —— Thistle, 62
  • Bristle-moulds, 175
  • Buckthorn cluster-cups, 16
  • Bunt, 86
  • Bunt, germination, 87
  • Burdock blight, 174
  • Burnet chain-brand, 73
  • Butter-bur rust, 122
  • Buttercup blight, 173
  • —— cluster-cups, 12
  • Cabbage rust, 136
  • Campanula rust, 123
  • Centaury brand, 63
  • Chætomium (Descriptions), 221
  • —— elatum, 175
  • Classification, 189
  • Clover rust, 116
  • Cluster-cups, 2
  • Cluster-cup, Anemone, 10
  • —— Bedstraw, 15
  • —— Berberry, 16
  • —— Buckthorn, 16
  • —— Buttercup, 12
  • —— Fir-tree, 20
  • —— Goatsbeard, 3
  • —— Hawthorn, 17
  • —— Houseleek, 21
  • —— Mountain-Ash, 19
  • —— Nettle, 14
  • —— Pear-tree, 18
  • —— Sanicle, 14
  • —— Spurge, 11
  • —— Violet, 13
  • Cocksfoot smut, 83
  • Coleosporium, 119
  • —— Campanulæ, 122
  • —— (Descriptions), 212
  • —— petasites, 122
  • —— tussilaginis, 120
  • Coleosporium sonchi-arvensis, 122
  • —— Rhinanthacearum, 122
  • Collecting fungi, 179
  • Coltsfoot rust, 120
  • Complex brands, 67
  • Complex smuts, 90
  • Composite rust, 105
  • Conceptacles, 165
  • Conidia, 126
  • Coniomycetes, 5
  • Conjurer of Chalgrave’s fern, 61
  • Corn mildew, 48
  • —— mildew, germination, 55
  • —— rust, 49, 52, 95
  • —— smut, 79
  • Cornel blight, 174
  • Coronated mildew, 56
  • Cotton blight in India, 177
  • Cow-parsnip rust, 105
  • Cow-wheat rust, 122
  • Crowfoot blight, 173
  • Crucifer white rust, 136
  • Cryptosporium Neesii, 35
  • Cystopus, 124, 136
  • —— candidus, 136
  • —— cubicus, 136
  • —— (Descriptions), 214
  • —— Lepigoni, 136
  • Dandelion parasites, 61
  • De Bary’s experiments, 129
  • Descriptions, 189
  • Di-morphism, 33
  • Diseases of wheat, 85
  • Dock mould, 160
  • Dogwood blight, 174
  • Dothidea ribis, 36
  • Dust-brand, 76
  • Earth-nut brand, 64
  • Elongated corn rust, 95
  • —— smut, 84
  • Enchanter’s Nightshade rust, 112
  • Endophyllum, 20
  • —— (Descriptions), 194
  • Endospore, 40
  • Epispore, 40
  • Erineum acerinum, 170
  • Erysiphe communis, 173
  • —— (Descriptions), 220
  • —— lamprocarpa, 174
  • —— Linkii, 174
  • —— Martii, 173
  • —— Montagnei, 174
  • —— tortilis, 174
  • Eurotium (Descriptions), 222
  • —— herbariorum, 177
  • Examining fungi, 183
  • Fern rust, 112
  • Fungi, species of, 45
  • Generations, alternation of, 38
  • Genus and species, 58
  • Germination of mildew, 55
  • —— of pea rust, 40
  • Goatsbeard cluster-cups, 3
  • —— smut, 82
  • —— white rust, 136
  • Goat-willow rust, 116
  • Golden-rose rust, 113
  • Gonosphere, 130
  • Gooseberry blight, 171
  • Ground-ivy brand, 59
  • Groundsel rust, 97
  • Guelder-rose blight, 171
  • Gymnosporangium (Descriptions), 201
  • Hawthorn cluster-cups, 17
  • Hazel blight, 168
  • Herbarium mould, 177
  • —— of fungi, 182
  • Hop disease, 167
  • Hyphomycetes, 139
  • Inoculation, 9
  • Iris rust, 115
  • Lecythea, 107
  • —— capræarum, 117
  • —— (Descriptions), 206
  • —— Lini, 108
  • —— longicapsula, 118
  • —— Rosæ, 34, 107
  • Lettuce mould, 156
  • Line-like rust, 95
  • Long-stemmed rust, 114
  • Luzula rust, 104
  • Maple blight, 169
  • Meadow-saffron smut, 92
  • Meadow-sweet brand, 67
  • Mealy Guelder-rose blight, 172
  • Melampsora betulina, 118
  • —— (Descriptions), 213
  • —— salicina, 117
  • Mercury rust, 110
  • Microscopic examination, 183
  • —— fungi collecting, 179
  • Microscopic preserving, 182
  • Microsphæria Berberidis, 170
  • —— (Descriptions), 219
  • —— Ehrenbergii, 171
  • —— Hedwigii, 172
  • Mildew and brand, 45
  • —— what is it?, 46
  • Mint brand, 58
  • —— rust, 102
  • Monthly calendar of fungi, 180
  • Moulds, 138
  • Mould, Dock, 160
  • —— Lettuce, 156
  • —— Onion, 155
  • —— Parsnip, 157
  • —— Potato, 144
  • —— Rose, 159
  • —— Spinach, 158
  • —— Tare, 156
  • Mountain-ash cluster-cups, 19
  • Mounting fungi, 184
  • Mugwort blight, 174
  • Mycelium, 23
  • Nettle cluster-cups, 14
  • Nightshade rust, 112
  • Number of species, 45
  • Oak-leaf rust, 111
  • Oidium, 34, 162
  • —— leucoconium, 167
  • —— monilioides, 162
  • —— Tuckeri, 164
  • Onion mould, 155
  • Oogonia, 129
  • Oospores, 131
  • Origin of mildew, 47
  • Parsnip mould, 157
  • Pea blight, 173
  • Pear tree cluster-cups, 18
  • Pea and bean rust, 114
  • Pearust, germination of, 40
  • Pennywort rust, 100
  • Peridermium, 20
  • —— (Descriptions), 189
  • Peridium, 4
  • Perithecium, 35
  • Periwinkle brand, 103
  • —— rust, 103
  • Persicaria rust, 104
  • Peronospora, 138
  • —— (Descriptions), 215
  • —— destructor, 156
  • —— effusa, 159
  • —— gangliformis, 156
  • —— infestans, 153
  • —— macrospora, 158
  • —— nivea, 157
  • —— obliqua, 160
  • —— Schleideniana, 155
  • —— sparsa, 159
  • —— Trifoliorum, 157
  • —— Umbelliferarum, 158
  • —— Viciæ, 156
  • Pepper brand, 86
  • Phragmidium, 71
  • Phyllactinia (Descriptions), 218
  • —— guttata, 168
  • Pilewort rust, 115
  • Podisoma (Descriptions), 201
  • Polycystis, 91
  • —— (Descriptions), 211
  • —— pompholygodes, 91
  • —— Violæ, 92
  • Potato disease, 144
  • —— mould, 142, 144
  • —— smut, 93
  • Preserving fungi, 182
  • Puccinia (Descriptions), 196
  • —— Anemones, 60
  • —— Compositarum, 63
  • —— coronata, 57
  • —— glechomatis, 59
  • —— graminis, 25
  • —— Menthæ, 58
  • —— Rosæ, 34
  • —— Saniculæ, 64
  • —— Syngenesiarum, 62
  • —— Umbelliferarum, 64
  • —— variabilis, 62
  • —— vincæ, 103
  • Purslane white rust, 137
  • Raspberry brand, 71
  • Reed smut, 83
  • Rœstelia (Descriptions), 189
  • —— cancellata, 19
  • —— cornuta, 19
  • —— lacerata, 19
  • Rose blight, 166
  • —— mould, 107
  • —— rust, 159
  • Rusts, 95, 110
  • Rust, Bean, 104
  • —— Beet, 104
  • —— Birch, 118
  • —— Butter-bur, 122
  • —— Cabbage, 124
  • —— Campanula, 123
  • —— Clover, 116
  • —— Coltsfoot, 120
  • —— Composite, 105
  • —— Corn, 49, 95
  • —— Cow-parsnip, 105
  • —— Cow-wheat, 122
  • —— Fern, 112
  • —— Flax, 109
  • —— Goatsbeard, 136
  • —— Goat-willow, 116
  • —— Golden-rose, 113
  • —— Grass of Parnassus, 106
  • —— Groundsel, 97
  • —— Iris, 115
  • —— Long-stemmed, 114
  • —— Luzula, 104
  • —— Mercury, 110
  • —— Mint, 102
  • —— Nightshade, 112
  • —— Oak-leaf, 111
  • —— Pea and Bean, 114
  • —— Pennywort, 100
  • —— Periwinkle, 103
  • —— Persicaria, 104
  • —— Pilewort, 115
  • —— Rose, 107
  • —— St.-John’s-wort, 113
  • —— Sandspurry, 136
  • —— Sedge, 104
  • —— Sorrel, 111
  • —— Sow-thistle, 122
  • —— Stinking, 87
  • —— Sweet-smelling, 99
  • —— Thistle, 99
  • —— Twin-faced, 111
  • —— Umbellifer, 105
  • —— Violet, 102
  • Rye smut, 92
  • Sandspurry white rust, 136
  • Sanicle brand, 64
  • —— cluster-cups, 14
  • Sedge rust, 104
  • —— smut, 84
  • Smuts, 76
  • Smut, Anther, 85
  • —— Cocksfoot, 83
  • —— Complex, 90
  • —— Corn, 79
  • —— Crowfoot, 91
  • —— Elongated, 84
  • —— Goatsbeard, 82
  • —— Grass, 79
  • —— Maize, 79
  • —— Meadow-saffron, 92
  • —— Potato, 93
  • —— Reed, 83
  • —— Rye, 92
  • —— Sedge, 84
  • —— Trientalis, 93
  • —— Violet, 92
  • St.-John’s-wort rust, 113
  • Sow-thistle rust, 122
  • Specific names, 57
  • Spermatia, 24
  • Spermogones, 22, 98
  • Sphærotheca (Descriptions), 218
  • —— Castagnei, 167
  • —— pannosa, 167
  • Spinach mould, 158
  • Sporangium, 165
  • Sporidia, 38
  • Spurge cluster-cups, 11
  • Sterigmata, 24
  • Stinking rust, 87
  • Strawberry brand, 72
  • Stylospores, 38, 42
  • Suckers, 125, 141
  • Suggestions, 179
  • Sweet-smelling rust, 99
  • Tare mould, 156
  • Thistle brand, 62
  • Thistle white rust, 137
  • Tilletia caries, 87
  • —— (Descriptions), 202
  • Trichobasis Betæ, 104
  • —— caricina, 104
  • —— Cichoracearum, 105
  • —— (Descriptions), 207
  • —— Fabæ, 104
  • —— hydrocotyles, 100
  • —— Labiatarum, 102
  • —— linearis, 95
  • —— oblongata, 105
  • —— Parnassiæ, 106
  • —— Petroselini, 105
  • —— Polygonorum, 104
  • —— rubigo-vera, 49, 95
  • —— Senecionis, 97
  • —— suaveolens, 99
  • —— Umbellatarum, 105
  • —— Violarum, 102
  • Trientalis smut, 93
  • Triphragmium (Descriptions), 196
  • —— Ulmariæ, 67
  • Tuburcinia, 93
  • —— (Descriptions), 212
  • Tulasne on Fungi, 35
  • Twin-faced rust, 111
  • Uncinula adunca, 169
  • —— bicornis, 169
  • —— (Descriptions), 218
  • Uredines, 33
  • Uredo Betulina, 118
  • —— bifrons, 111
  • —— Circææ, 112
  • —— confluens, 110
  • —— (Descriptions), 204
  • —— Filicum, 112
  • —— hydrocotyles, 101
  • —— Hypericorum, 113
  • —— Parnassiæ, 106
  • —— Quercus, 111
  • —— Rosæ, 33
  • Urocystis, 91
  • Uromyces apiculata, 116
  • —— appendiculata, 40, 114
  • —— (Descriptions), 210
  • —— Ficariæ, 115
  • —— Ulmariæ, 114
  • Ustilago antherarum, 85
  • —— (Descriptions), 202
  • —— longissima, 84
  • —— maydis, 79
  • —— olivacea, 84
  • —— receptaculorum, 83
  • —— Salveii, 84
  • —— segetum, 79
  • —— typhoides, 79, 83
  • Valsa suffusa, 35
  • Vine disease, 164
  • Violet cluster-cups, 13
  • Violet smut, 92
  • Wedge-rust, Birch, 118
  • —— Willow, 117
  • Wheat diseases, 85
  • —— mildew, 53
  • White mildews or blights, 162
  • White rusts, 124
  • White rust, Cabbage, 129, 136
  • —— Crucifer, 136
  • —— Goatsbeard, 136
  • —— Purslane, 137
  • —— Sandspurry, 136
  • Willow blight, 169
  • —— wedge-rust, 117
  • Xenodochus carbonarius, 73
  • —— (Descriptions), 195
  • Zoospores, 126