The Project Gutenberg eBook of Scapa and a Camera
Title: Scapa and a Camera
Author: C. W. Burrows
Author of introduction, etc.: F. S. Miller
Release date: May 4, 2014 [eBook #45583]
Most recently updated: October 24, 2024
Language: English
Credits: Produced by sp1nd, Chris Jordan and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)
SCAPA AND A CAMERA
First published in 1921.
(Extract from His Majesty the King's message to his Navy at the outbreak of war.)
SCAPA
AND A CAMERA
PICTORIAL IMPRESSIONS OF FIVE YEARS SPENT
AT THE GRAND FLEET BASE.
BY
C. W. BURROWS
WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY
VICE-ADMIRAL F. S. MILLER, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL SCAPA FLOW, 1914-1916
LONDON
PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICES OF COUNTRY LIFE, LTD.,
20, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C. 2, AND BY
GEORGE NEWNES, LTD., 8-11, SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND, W.C. 2
NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
MCMXXI
DEDICATED (BY PERMISSION)
TO
ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET EARL BEATTY, O.M., G.C.B.,
AND THE
OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE GRAND FLEET
AND AUXILIARIES
PREFACE
The Author desires to express his indebtedness to the undermentioned, who, by the loan of photographs or in other ways, have assisted in the production of this book:
O. Baird, Esq., Admiralty.
P. Goodyear, Esq., Senior Constructor, Admiralty.
Lieut.-Commander N. A. K. Money, R.N., O.B.E., Admiralty.
Paymaster-Lieut. Humphrey Joel, R.N.R., H.M.S. "Excellent."
T. Kent, Esq., Kirkwall.
A. H. Dominey, Esq., late Junior Army and Navy Stores, Ltd., S.S. "Borodino."
Jas. Mackintosh, Esq., Kirkwall.
INTRODUCTION
It was my privilege to be in administrative charge of the Naval Base at Scapa from August, 1914, to May, 1916, until relieved by Rear-Admiral Prendergast.
The Author, Mr. C. W. Burrows, assumed duty as Cashier of the Dockyard Section at the Base in May, 1915, and was so employed until March, 1920, and thus had a long and intimate knowledge of local doings and surroundings.
He has compiled a unique and profusely illustrated book, which should prove of surpassing interest, not only to those who only know of Scapa by hearsay, but particularly to the thousands of officers and men of the Naval, Marine, and Civil Services of the Crown, the Mercantile Marine, and others who were employed in and near Scapa Flow. To the latter it will serve as a remembrance of the incidents, many joyous and some sad and tragic, associated with their sojourn in the northern mists which shrouded Scapa from the public eye. Part IV., dealing with the German ships at Scapa Flow, their dramatic sinking on 21st June, 1919, and the subsequent salvage operations of several of them, is an exceptionally fine pictorial record.
Owing to the lack of facilities, practically the whole of the Base Establishment had to be accommodated afloat, and until the arrival of H.M.S. "Victorious" in March, 1916, as accommodation ship and workshop for the Dockyard Staff and workmen, the officers and men experienced considerable discomfort. The men usually found quarters on board the ships upon which they were working, and, owing to the shortness of notice, they were frequently taken to sea.
A very marked feature throughout the war was the spirit of loyalty, good comradeship, and emulation which evinced itself among all ranks, ratings, and grades, whether on duty or in recreations. It was this spirit that lightened the discomforts and difficulties which necessarily occurred, maintained the Grand Fleet and Base in a healthy state of efficiency, and brought about the breakdown of the German morale, resulting in the ignominious surrender of the German ships in November, 1918, and their ultimate transfer to Scapa Flow.
The Author is to be congratulated in providing such a delightful souvenir of the Great War.
F. S. MILLER.
CONTENTS
| PART I | |
|---|---|
| PAGE | |
| THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASE | 1 |
| PART II | |
| SCENES AROUND SCAPA FLOW | 29 |
| PART III | |
| THE NAVY AT SCAPA FLOW | 59 |
| PART IV | |
| THE GERMAN SHIPS AT SCAPA FLOW | 97 |
ILLUSTRATIONS
| "The Sure Shield of Britain and of her Empire" | Frontispiece |
| PAGE | |
| Map of Scapa Flow and the Orkney Islands | To face xx |
| H.M.S. "Cyclops" at Long Hope | 1 |
| St. John's Head, Hoy | 5 |
| Drifter Net-Boom Defence at Houton | 7 |
| Sunken Ships between St. Margaret's Hope and Burray | 7 |
| The Grand Fleet Base at Long Hope, 1916, looking towards Weddel Sound | 9 |
| Closer View of the Base Ships at Long Hope | 9 |
| H.M.S. "Imperieuse" at Long Hope | 11 |
| H.M.S. "Victorious" at Scapa Flow | 12 |
| R.F.A. "Ruthenia" | 13 |
| Torpedo Sub-Depôt Ship "Sokoto" lying in the Inner Hope | 14 |
| The Brough of Birsay, off which H.M.S. "Hampshire" was lost on 6th June, 1916 | 14 |
| Driving off from the First Hole on Flotta | 15 |
| Children's Race at Long Hope Sports | 16 |
| Watching the Sports | 16 |
| A Boxing Match on Flotta | 17 |
| A Ship's Garden at Crockness | 18 |
| U.S.S. "New York" leading the 6th Battle Squadron into Scapa after crossing the Atlantic | 19 |
| Harvest Festival | 20 |
| The "Green Room" of a Battleship; Officers making up for a Show | 21 |
| German Battleship "Kaiser" entering the Boom at Scapa Flow for Internment at Dawn on 26th November, 1918 | 23 |
| The German Ships interned at Scapa | 23 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Derfflinger" Four Minutes before finally Sinking, 2.45 p.m., 21st June, 1919 | 24 |
| Vice-Admiral Sir R. J. Prendergast making his Farewell Address on H.M.S. "Victorious," 15th February, 1920 | 25 |
| Good-bye to Scapa! | 26 |
| View looking South from Houton Bay | 29 |
| Wideford Hill and the "Peerie Sea" | 32 |
| Loading Stores at Scapa Pier | 32 |
| Kirkwall Harbour from the Cathedral Tower | 33 |
| Albert Street, Kirkwall | 34 |
| St. Magnus Cathedral from the Earl's Palace | 35 |
| Old Houses in Kirkwall | 36 |
| Stromness from the Sea | 37 |
| Houton Bay Air Station | 38 |
| The Clestron Barrier, Stromness | 39 |
| The Standing Stones of Stennis | 40 |
| The Ring of Brodgar | 40 |
| The Tumulus of Maeshowe | 41 |
| The Entrance to Maeshowe | 41 |
| A Winding Road in Hoy | 42 |
| Ward Hill and Graemsay Island from the Sea | 43 |
| Ward Hill—the Road to Rackwick | 44 |
| Ward Hill from the East | 44 |
| The Old Man of Hoy | 45 |
| The Dwarfie Stone | 46 |
| The New Stone Wall and Pier, Lyness | 47 |
| Crofts near Lyness | 47 |
| Excavations at Lyness in Connection with the Building of the Wharf | 48 |
| The First Train in Orkney | 48 |
| Sunset over the Martello Tower, Crockness | 49 |
| The Martello Tower, Crockness | 49 |
| View looking through the Martello Tower, Crockness, towards Long Hope | 50 |
| Melsetter—on the Road from Lyness to Long Hope | 51 |
| Long Hope Pier and Post Office | 52 |
| Long Hope Hotel | 52 |
| Kirk Hope, South Walls | 53 |
| Cantick Lighthouse, South Walls | 53 |
| Digging the Peats—Hoy | 54 |
| Carting Home the Peats | 54 |
| Horse and Ox Harrowing | 55 |
| Loading Sea-Weed for Manure | 55 |
| An Orkney Cart | 55 |
| Making Straw-backed Chairs, Orkney | 56 |
| Interior of an Orkney Cottage | 57 |
| Spinning | 58 |
| Battle Squadron exercising in the Flow | 59 |
| Admiral of the Fleet Earl Beatty on the Quarterdeck of H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" | 62 |
| H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" | 63 |
| H.M.S. "Revenge" and Ships of the First Battle Squadron at Scapa | 64 |
| H.M.S. "Ramillies" | 64 |
| H.M.S. "Resolution" | 64 |
| H.M.S. "Royal Oak" | 64 |
| Fourth Battle Squadron exercising in the Flow | 65 |
| Battleships "Orion," "Monarch," and "Conqueror" in the Flow | 66 |
| Battleships "Colossus," "St. Vincent," and "Bellerophon" exercising in the Flow | 66 |
| H.M.S. "Renown" | 67 |
| H.M.S. "Tiger": A Famous Ship of the Battle Cruiser Squadron | 67 |
| H.M.S. "Emperor of India" | 68 |
| H.M.S. "Whitshed" | 68 |
| H.M.S. "Barham" | 68 |
| Light Cruiser "Calliope" at Scapa | 69 |
| "Make and Mend" on Light Cruiser "Yarmouth" | 69 |
| The Deck of an Aeroplane Carrier, H.M.S. "Furious" | 70 |
| Submarine "G 13" alongside H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" | 71 |
| Submarine "K 16" under Way in the Flow | 71 |
| Officers of Submarine "K 7" in the Conning Tower | 71 |
| Marines Drilling on the Quarterdeck of a Battleship | 72 |
| General View of Captain's Sunday Morning Inspection | 73 |
| "Tidying Up" for Inspection | 74 |
| Officers and Men exercising on the Quarterdeck | 75 |
| "Holystoning" | 76 |
| Washing Down Decks | 77 |
| Stokers at Work | 78 |
| Church Service on H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" | 79 |
| Hospital Ships at Scapa Flow | 80 |
| H.M. Hospital Ship "Magic II.," afterwards renamed "Classic" | 80 |
| Transferring a "Cot Case" from a Battleship to the Hospital Ship Drifter | 81 |
| Dentist at Work on a Battleship (H.M.S. "Collingwood") | 82 |
| H.M.S. "Imperieuse" with Fleet Mail Steamer "St. Ninian" and Mail Drifters from the Fleet alongside | 83 |
| Mail Boat "St. Ola" coming alongside H.M.S. "Victorious" | 83 |
| Sorting Mails for the Fleet on H.M.S. "Imperieuse" | 84 |
| Distributing Newspapers for the Fleet (H.M.S. "Imperieuse") | 85 |
| Dockyard Workmen leaving H.M.S. "Victorious" for Work in the Fleet | 86 |
| Repairing a Steam Pinnace on the Slipway at Lyness | 86 |
| School Children's Entertainment on H.M.S. "Victorious" | 87 |
| Three of the Young Orcadian Guests | 87 |
| "No Coupons Required" | 88 |
| Crew of Drifter "Shalot" | 89 |
| Lifting Chain Cables | 89 |
| Mooring Vessel "Recovery" at Scapa Flow | 89 |
| U.S.S. "Patuxent" and "272" alongside H.M.S. "Victorious" for Repairs | 90 |
| American Minesweepers in the Floating Dock for Repairs | 90 |
| A Damaged British Destroyer being repaired in the Dock | 90 |
| S.S. "Borodino," Junior Army and Navy Stores' Store-Ship with the Grand Fleet | 91 |
| Interior of Shop on S.S. "Borodino" | 91 |
| A Corner of an Officer's Cabin | 92 |
| Fishing for Sea-Trout | 93 |
| A Ship's Picnic | 93 |
| A Bathing Party | 93 |
| The Naval Cemetery at Lyness | 94 |
| The "Hampshire" Memorial | 94 |
| An Interesting Stone to the Memory of a Chinaman who died at Scapa | 94 |
| The "Malaya" Memorial | 95 |
| The "Vanguard" Memorial | 95 |
| Making for Home | 96 |
| The Scuttling of the German Ships | 97 |
| H.M.S. "Lion" entering Hoxa Boom, Scapa Flow, at Head of German Battle Cruisers, 25th November, 1918 | 100 |
| H.M.S. "Repulse," "Renown," "Princess Royal," and "Tiger" Escorting German Battle Cruisers through Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918 | 100 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918 | 102 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Von der Tann" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918 | 102 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November 1918 | 103 |
| The Interned German Ships at Scapa | 103 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz" | 104 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" at Scapa Flow | 105 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Derfflinger" at Scapa Flow | 106 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Hindenburg" at Scapa Flow | 106 |
| German Battleship "Friedrich Der Grosse" | 107 |
| German Battleship "Kaiserin" | 107 |
| German Light Cruiser "Köln" | 108 |
| German Destroyers at Lyness, with Battleships in the Distance | 108 |
| Plan of the Anchorage of German Ships at Scapa Flow | 110 |
| A Party of French Officers visiting the German Ships | 111 |
| German Battleship "Bayern" sinking by the Stern, 2 p.m., 21st June, 1919 | 112 |
| The Final Plunge of the "Bayern" | 113 |
| German Destroyers sinking or beached off the Island of Fara | 114 |
| German Sailors taking to the Boats | 115 |
| British Boarding Party alongside sinking German Destroyer | 116 |
| General View showing German Destroyers sinking on the Right and Battleships in the Distance, at 3.30 p.m., 21st June, 1919 | 117 |
| German Battle Cruiser "Hindenburg" as she now rests at Scapa | 118 |
| Whaler "Ramna" stranded on German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" 23rd June, 1919, taken just before "Ramna" refloated | 119 |
| German Cruiser "Nurnberg" immediately after being refloated at 2 p.m. on 3rd July, 1919 | 120 |
| Salvage Operations on Battleship "Baden" and Cruiser "Frankfurt" beached at Smoogroo | 121 |
| Salvage Work on the "Baden" | 122 |
| Pumping out the "Frankfurt" | 123 |
| Cruiser "Bremse," which capsized whilst being beached | 124 |
| Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz," lying on her Starboard Side in Shallow Water | 124 |
| Hoisting the Union Jack on a sinking German Destroyer | 125 |
| On the "Seydlitz" | 125 |
| "Baden" being towed South to Invergordon | 125 |
| Salving German Destroyer "G 102" | 126 |
| Salvage Party working on a German Destroyer | 127 |
| View showing Salved ex-German Cruisers and Destroyers at Long Hope, October, 1919 | 128 |
| The Salved German Cruisers "Nurnberg" and "Emden" in Long Hope Bay | 129 |
| View Looking Aft from After-Control Top of "Frankfurt" | 130 |
| View Looking Forward from the Same Position | 130 |
| Expansion Ring Marking on 6-Inch Gun "Nurnberg" | 131 |
| A Humorous Effort on the Part of One of Our Sailors | 131 |
| The Propeller Blade of the "Seydlitz" | 131 |
| Range-Finder and Searchlight Platform, "Nurnberg" | 132 |
| 88-Mm. Guns, "Nurnberg" | 132 |
| 6-Inch Gun on "Nurnberg" After-Turret | 133 |
| 5·9-Inch After-Breech, "Nurnberg" | 133 |
| Searchlight Control Platform, "Frankfurt" | 133 |
| 10·5-Cm. Gun on a German Destroyer | 134 |
| Torpedo Tubes on a Destroyer | 135 |
| Engine-Room Control Board, "Emden" | 136 |
| Lower Conning Tower, "Emden" | 137 |
| German Destroyer being towed South to Rosyth, March, 1920 | 138 |
| Blowing up the Minefields | 140 |
| Closer View of Mine Explosion | 140 |
| Salvage Operations on S.S. "Aorangi" | 142 |
| Sunset over the Hills of Hoy | 144 |