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Scapa and a Camera / Pictorial Impressions of Five Years Spent at the Grand Fleet Base

Chapter 2: PREFACE
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The work offers a visual and descriptive record of five years at the Grand Fleet base in Scapa Flow, presenting the base's development, harbour operations, island landscapes, and everyday life aboard accommodation ships and shore installations. It depicts fleet movements, training, maintenance, medical and postal services, and recreational activities alongside local scenes and archaeological sites. A substantial section documents the internment, dramatic scuttling, and subsequent salvage of enemy capital ships, supported by numerous photographs and captions. Together text and images create a practical chronicle of naval logistics, community relations, and the physical setting that sustained the fleet.

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Title: Scapa and a Camera

Author: C. W. Burrows

Author of introduction, etc.: F. S. Miller

Release date: May 4, 2014 [eBook #45583]
Most recently updated: October 24, 2024

Language: English

Credits: Produced by sp1nd, Chris Jordan and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
produced from images generously made available by The
Internet Archive)

*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SCAPA AND A CAMERA ***

SCAPA AND A CAMERA


First published in 1921.


"The Sure Shield of Britain and of her Empire."
(Extract from His Majesty the King's message to his Navy at the outbreak of war.)

SCAPA
AND A CAMERA

PICTORIAL IMPRESSIONS OF FIVE YEARS SPENT
AT THE GRAND FLEET BASE.

BY
C. W. BURROWS

WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY
VICE-ADMIRAL F. S. MILLER, C.B.
REAR-ADMIRAL SCAPA FLOW, 1914-1916

LONDON

PUBLISHED AT THE OFFICES OF COUNTRY LIFE, LTD.,
20, TAVISTOCK STREET, COVENT GARDEN, W.C. 2, AND BY
GEORGE NEWNES, LTD., 8-11, SOUTHAMPTON STREET, STRAND, W.C. 2
NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS
MCMXXI


DEDICATED (BY PERMISSION)

TO

ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET EARL BEATTY, O.M., G.C.B.,

AND THE

OFFICERS AND MEN OF THE GRAND FLEET
AND AUXILIARIES


PREFACE

The Author desires to express his indebtedness to the undermentioned, who, by the loan of photographs or in other ways, have assisted in the production of this book:

The Photographic Bureau, Imperial War Museum.
O. Baird, Esq., Admiralty.
P. Goodyear, Esq., Senior Constructor, Admiralty.
Lieut.-Commander N. A. K. Money, R.N., O.B.E., Admiralty.
Paymaster-Lieut. Humphrey Joel, R.N.R., H.M.S. "Excellent."
T. Kent, Esq., Kirkwall.
A. H. Dominey, Esq., late Junior Army and Navy Stores, Ltd., S.S. "Borodino."
Jas. Mackintosh, Esq., Kirkwall.
Guibal House, Lee, S.E. 12, March, 1921.

INTRODUCTION

It was my privilege to be in administrative charge of the Naval Base at Scapa from August, 1914, to May, 1916, until relieved by Rear-Admiral Prendergast.

The Author, Mr. C. W. Burrows, assumed duty as Cashier of the Dockyard Section at the Base in May, 1915, and was so employed until March, 1920, and thus had a long and intimate knowledge of local doings and surroundings.

He has compiled a unique and profusely illustrated book, which should prove of surpassing interest, not only to those who only know of Scapa by hearsay, but particularly to the thousands of officers and men of the Naval, Marine, and Civil Services of the Crown, the Mercantile Marine, and others who were employed in and near Scapa Flow. To the latter it will serve as a remembrance of the incidents, many joyous and some sad and tragic, associated with their sojourn in the northern mists which shrouded Scapa from the public eye. Part IV., dealing with the German ships at Scapa Flow, their dramatic sinking on 21st June, 1919, and the subsequent salvage operations of several of them, is an exceptionally fine pictorial record.

Owing to the lack of facilities, practically the whole of the Base Establishment had to be accommodated afloat, and until the arrival of H.M.S. "Victorious" in March, 1916, as accommodation ship and workshop for the Dockyard Staff and workmen, the officers and men experienced considerable discomfort. The men usually found quarters on board the ships upon which they were working, and, owing to the shortness of notice, they were frequently taken to sea.

A very marked feature throughout the war was the spirit of loyalty, good comradeship, and emulation which evinced itself among all ranks, ratings, and grades, whether on duty or in recreations. It was this spirit that lightened the discomforts and difficulties which necessarily occurred, maintained the Grand Fleet and Base in a healthy state of efficiency, and brought about the breakdown of the German morale, resulting in the ignominious surrender of the German ships in November, 1918, and their ultimate transfer to Scapa Flow.

The Author is to be congratulated in providing such a delightful souvenir of the Great War.

F. S. MILLER.

Long Hope, Shortheath, Farnham, Surrey.

CONTENTS

PART I
 PAGE
THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASE1
  
PART II
  
SCENES AROUND SCAPA FLOW29
  
PART III
  
THE NAVY AT SCAPA FLOW59
  
PART IV
  
THE GERMAN SHIPS AT SCAPA FLOW97

ILLUSTRATIONS

"The Sure Shield of Britain and of her Empire" Frontispiece
 PAGE
Map of Scapa Flow and the Orkney IslandsTo face xx
H.M.S. "Cyclops" at Long Hope1
St. John's Head, Hoy5
Drifter Net-Boom Defence at Houton7
Sunken Ships between St. Margaret's Hope and Burray7
The Grand Fleet Base at Long Hope, 1916, looking towards Weddel Sound9
Closer View of the Base Ships at Long Hope9
H.M.S. "Imperieuse" at Long Hope11
H.M.S. "Victorious" at Scapa Flow12
R.F.A. "Ruthenia"13
Torpedo Sub-Depôt Ship "Sokoto" lying in the Inner Hope14
The Brough of Birsay, off which H.M.S. "Hampshire" was lost on 6th June, 191614
Driving off from the First Hole on Flotta15
Children's Race at Long Hope Sports16
Watching the Sports16
A Boxing Match on Flotta17
A Ship's Garden at Crockness18
U.S.S. "New York" leading the 6th Battle Squadron into Scapa after crossing the Atlantic19
Harvest Festival20
The "Green Room" of a Battleship; Officers making up for a Show21
German Battleship "Kaiser" entering the Boom at Scapa Flow for Internment at Dawn on 26th November, 191823
The German Ships interned at Scapa23
German Battle Cruiser "Derfflinger" Four Minutes before finally Sinking, 2.45 p.m., 21st June, 191924
Vice-Admiral Sir R. J. Prendergast making his Farewell Address on H.M.S. "Victorious," 15th February, 192025
Good-bye to Scapa!26
View looking South from Houton Bay29
Wideford Hill and the "Peerie Sea"32
Loading Stores at Scapa Pier32
Kirkwall Harbour from the Cathedral Tower 33
Albert Street, Kirkwall34
St. Magnus Cathedral from the Earl's Palace 35
Old Houses in Kirkwall 36
Stromness from the Sea37
Houton Bay Air Station38
The Clestron Barrier, Stromness39
The Standing Stones of Stennis40
The Ring of Brodgar40
The Tumulus of Maeshowe41
The Entrance to Maeshowe41
A Winding Road in Hoy42
Ward Hill and Graemsay Island from the Sea43
Ward Hill—the Road to Rackwick44
Ward Hill from the East44
The Old Man of Hoy45
The Dwarfie Stone46
The New Stone Wall and Pier, Lyness47
Crofts near Lyness47
Excavations at Lyness in Connection with the Building of the Wharf48
The First Train in Orkney48
Sunset over the Martello Tower, Crockness49
The Martello Tower, Crockness49
View looking through the Martello Tower, Crockness, towards Long Hope50
Melsetter—on the Road from Lyness to Long Hope51
Long Hope Pier and Post Office52
Long Hope Hotel52
Kirk Hope, South Walls53
Cantick Lighthouse, South Walls53
Digging the Peats—Hoy54
Carting Home the Peats54
Horse and Ox Harrowing55
Loading Sea-Weed for Manure55
An Orkney Cart55
Making Straw-backed Chairs, Orkney56
Interior of an Orkney Cottage57
Spinning58
Battle Squadron exercising in the Flow59
Admiral of the Fleet Earl Beatty on the Quarterdeck of H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth"62
H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth"63
H.M.S. "Revenge" and Ships of the First Battle Squadron at Scapa64
H.M.S. "Ramillies"64
H.M.S. "Resolution"64
H.M.S. "Royal Oak"64
Fourth Battle Squadron exercising in the Flow65
Battleships "Orion," "Monarch," and "Conqueror" in the Flow66
Battleships "Colossus," "St. Vincent," and "Bellerophon" exercising in the Flow66
H.M.S. "Renown"67
H.M.S. "Tiger": A Famous Ship of the Battle Cruiser Squadron67
H.M.S. "Emperor of India"68
H.M.S. "Whitshed"68
H.M.S. "Barham"68
Light Cruiser "Calliope" at Scapa69
"Make and Mend" on Light Cruiser "Yarmouth"69
The Deck of an Aeroplane Carrier, H.M.S. "Furious"70
Submarine "G 13" alongside H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth"71
Submarine "K 16" under Way in the Flow71
Officers of Submarine "K 7" in the Conning Tower71
Marines Drilling on the Quarterdeck of a Battleship72
General View of Captain's Sunday Morning Inspection73
"Tidying Up" for Inspection74
Officers and Men exercising on the Quarterdeck75
"Holystoning"76
Washing Down Decks77
Stokers at Work 78
Church Service on H.M.S. "Queen Elizabeth" 79
Hospital Ships at Scapa Flow80
H.M. Hospital Ship "Magic II.," afterwards renamed "Classic"80
Transferring a "Cot Case" from a Battleship to the Hospital Ship Drifter81
Dentist at Work on a Battleship (H.M.S. "Collingwood")82
H.M.S. "Imperieuse" with Fleet Mail Steamer "St. Ninian" and Mail Drifters from the Fleet alongside83
Mail Boat "St. Ola" coming alongside H.M.S. "Victorious"83
Sorting Mails for the Fleet on H.M.S. "Imperieuse"84
Distributing Newspapers for the Fleet (H.M.S. "Imperieuse")85
Dockyard Workmen leaving H.M.S. "Victorious" for Work in the Fleet86
Repairing a Steam Pinnace on the Slipway at Lyness86
School Children's Entertainment on H.M.S. "Victorious"87
Three of the Young Orcadian Guests87
"No Coupons Required"88
Crew of Drifter "Shalot"89
Lifting Chain Cables89
Mooring Vessel "Recovery" at Scapa Flow89
U.S.S. "Patuxent" and "272" alongside H.M.S. "Victorious" for Repairs90
American Minesweepers in the Floating Dock for Repairs90
A Damaged British Destroyer being repaired in the Dock90
S.S. "Borodino," Junior Army and Navy Stores' Store-Ship with the Grand Fleet91
Interior of Shop on S.S. "Borodino"91
A Corner of an Officer's Cabin92
Fishing for Sea-Trout93
A Ship's Picnic93
A Bathing Party93
The Naval Cemetery at Lyness94
The "Hampshire" Memorial94
An Interesting Stone to the Memory of a Chinaman who died at Scapa94
The "Malaya" Memorial95
The "Vanguard" Memorial95
Making for Home96
The Scuttling of the German Ships97
H.M.S. "Lion" entering Hoxa Boom, Scapa Flow, at Head of German Battle Cruisers, 25th November, 1918100
H.M.S. "Repulse," "Renown," "Princess Royal," and "Tiger" Escorting German Battle Cruisers through Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918100
German Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918102
German Battle Cruiser "Von der Tann" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November, 1918 102
German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" entering Hoxa Boom, 25th November 1918 103
The Interned German Ships at Scapa 103
German Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz" 104
German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" at Scapa Flow 105
German Battle Cruiser "Derfflinger" at Scapa Flow 106
German Battle Cruiser "Hindenburg" at Scapa Flow 106
German Battleship "Friedrich Der Grosse" 107
German Battleship "Kaiserin" 107
German Light Cruiser "Köln" 108
German Destroyers at Lyness, with Battleships in the Distance 108
Plan of the Anchorage of German Ships at Scapa Flow 110
A Party of French Officers visiting the German Ships 111
German Battleship "Bayern" sinking by the Stern, 2 p.m., 21st June, 1919112
The Final Plunge of the "Bayern" 113
German Destroyers sinking or beached off the Island of Fara 114
German Sailors taking to the Boats 115
British Boarding Party alongside sinking German Destroyer 116
General View showing German Destroyers sinking on the Right and Battleships in the Distance, at 3.30 p.m., 21st June, 1919 117
German Battle Cruiser "Hindenburg" as she now rests at Scapa 118
Whaler "Ramna" stranded on German Battle Cruiser "Moltke" 23rd June, 1919, taken just before "Ramna" refloated119
German Cruiser "Nurnberg" immediately after being refloated at 2 p.m. on 3rd July, 1919120
Salvage Operations on Battleship "Baden" and Cruiser "Frankfurt" beached at Smoogroo121
Salvage Work on the "Baden" 122
Pumping out the "Frankfurt"123
Cruiser "Bremse," which capsized whilst being beached124
Battle Cruiser "Seydlitz," lying on her Starboard Side in Shallow Water124
Hoisting the Union Jack on a sinking German Destroyer 125
On the "Seydlitz"125
"Baden" being towed South to Invergordon125
Salving German Destroyer "G 102"126
Salvage Party working on a German Destroyer127
View showing Salved ex-German Cruisers and Destroyers at Long Hope, October, 1919 128
The Salved German Cruisers "Nurnberg" and "Emden" in Long Hope Bay129
View Looking Aft from After-Control Top of "Frankfurt"130
View Looking Forward from the Same Position130
Expansion Ring Marking on 6-Inch Gun "Nurnberg"131
A Humorous Effort on the Part of One of Our Sailors131
The Propeller Blade of the "Seydlitz"131
Range-Finder and Searchlight Platform, "Nurnberg"132
88-Mm. Guns, "Nurnberg"132
6-Inch Gun on "Nurnberg" After-Turret133
5·9-Inch After-Breech, "Nurnberg"133
Searchlight Control Platform, "Frankfurt"133
10·5-Cm. Gun on a German Destroyer 134
Torpedo Tubes on a Destroyer135
Engine-Room Control Board, "Emden"136
Lower Conning Tower, "Emden"137
German Destroyer being towed South to Rosyth, March, 1920138
Blowing up the Minefields140
Closer View of Mine Explosion140
Salvage Operations on S.S. "Aorangi"142
Sunset over the Hills of Hoy144