Glossary of Geographical Names
The names have been spelt in accordance with the Royal Geographical Society’s system, vowels having an Italian pronunciation, ei being pronounced as in the English word “weight,” and so forth.
The following will occur often in geographical names, some being modern terms, others having fallen into disuse in ordinary conversation:—
Ad, Ado, white.
Ass, red.
Ban, an open plain; as Ban-yéro, little plain.
Biyo, Biya, water; as Biyo-foga, distant water; Biya-ha-gódleh, water of the place of caves.
Bur, a mountain or hill; as Bur-mádo, the black hill.
Daba, foothills; as Daba-ádo, the white hills.
Dagah, a rock; as Dagaha-dáyer, the monkey rock.
Dih, a valley; as Dih-wiyileh, the valley of rhinoceroses.
Dur-dur, a perennial spring.
Eil, a deep well; as Eil Sheikh, the Sheikh’s well.
Gad, a headland or bluff; as Gadki-góbleh, the bluff of the place of the gób tree.
Ged, a tree; as Ged-wein, big tree.
Gola, Gol, a peak; as Gola-dagah, the rocky peak; Gol-adéryu, the peak of koodoos.
Gumbur, a hillock; as Gumbur-ta-jifto, the sloping hillock.
Habr, Rer, and the Arabic Ayyal, are tribal prefixes.
Hassádan, an euphorbia tree; Hassadinleh, the place of the euphorbia.
Hedd, or Dúd, a forest; as Dúd-libah, the lion forest.
Kabr, graves; as Kabr Ogádén, the Ogádén graves.
Karin or Duss, a pass; as Karin-dagah, the rocky pass.
Lás, a shallow well or sand-pit; as Lás Ánod, milk well.
Mádo, Mádu, or Madóba, black.
Magala, a town; thus Berbera is called Magala-sahil, the “coast town.”
Nás, a pointed breast or hillock; as Nás-gódki, the hillock of the cave; Náso hablod, the maiden’s breasts.
Sarar, a plateau; as Sarar-ki-adáda, the white plateau.
Tug, a sand-river; as Tug-dér, the long river.
Webbe, a large running river; as Webbe Shabéleh, the leopard river.
Wein, great; yer, small.
The plural is often formed by doubling the last consonant and adding o; as Dubbur, plural Duburro.
Leh is a termination constantly occurring in geographical names, and meaning locality; thus:—
Armáleh, the place of armo creepers.
Libah, a lion; Libableh, the place of lions.
Shabél, a leopard; Shabéleh, place of leopards.
Warába, a hyæna; Warábileh, the place of hyænas.
Besides those given above, the following meanings of names which are to be found in the map will be interesting:—
Adadleh, the place of adad trees.
Alóla-Jifen, sloping plateau.
Badwein, large tank.
Biyo-ado, white water.
Biyo Frinji, the Franks’ watering-place.
Bur Ád, white hill.
Bur Ánod, hill of milk.
Bur Dab, rocky hill.
Burka, the hill.
Daar-Áss, red clay.
Dabada Jiáleh, hill of the jia tree.
Dagaha Madóba, the black rock.
Dagahbur, rocky hill.
Deimoleh, place of deima trees.
Dere-gódleh, the ravine of the cave place.
Derin-galólo, the ravine of galól trees.
Digirin-leh, place of guinea-fowl.
Dig-wein, big ears.
Dih-bauna, valley of rock rabbits.
Eil Anod, milky well.
Eil Armo, well of the armo creeper.
Eil Birdáleh, well of the birda tree.
Eil Midgán, bushman’s well.
Eil Sheikh, the Sheikh’s well.
Gal Hedigáleh, gully of the stars.
Gán-Libah, lion’s paw.
Garasleh, the place of garas trees.
Gol Adér-yu, the peak of koodoo.
Goriáleh, place of tree-stumps.
Gudáweina, the large gudá tree.
Gumbur Dúg, the hillock of gadflies.
Hedd-Gódir, koodoo forest.
Hegebo, many hills.
Issutugan, straight river.
Laba-Gumbur-mádo, the two black hillocks.
Magala-yer, little town.
Marodíleh, the place of elephants.
Nasíya, resting-place.
Sarar-awr, the camel plateau.
Shimbiráleh, the place of birds.
APPENDIX III
Notes on Somáli Trade
The manufactured goods which the African wants, and the raw material which he can export, are much the same all over the countries of tropical Africa. But Somáliland has one great advantage as a trading country over many other African regions. Trade caravans depend for their transport upon camels, not upon human beings; and these camels, although comparatively weak, are vastly superior to those of many other camel countries, in that they cost only about £2 each and pick up all their food by the wayside. A comparison of the cost of camel transport in Somáliland with the human transport on the Zanzibar coast will show the former to great advantage.
The calculation which follows is based on my own experience of both countries. It is some years since I was at Mombasa, so I am open to correction if the prices there have been recently reduced.
The Zanzibar coast porter carries a 60 lb. load of merchandise and a few days’ rations, and costs about £1 per month in pay and food. Thus six porters would carry 360 lbs. of merchandise for a three months’ journey at a cost of £18.
Two camels would be bought at Berbera for £4, and after a long journey, and allowing for a percentage of loss by death, they would fetch, if sold by the Somáli owners, about £3. With the two camels would be one attendant, and his pay and rations for three months would involve an outlay of about £3:15s. The camels, if lightly laden, would carry 275 lbs. each; and the merchandise they would carry, if the liberal allowance of 63 lbs. be deducted for the weight per month of the attendant’s rations, would be 360 lbs., or the same as that carried by the six porters.
The cost of the two camels and their attendant for the three months would, however, amount to only £4:15s. as against the £18 for the porters.
During one of my last journeys we carried rations of rice, dates, and ghee at 1¾ lb. per man for a period of four and a half months. This could never be done by a caravan of Swahili porters, who can only carry a few days’ rations in addition to the load. Serious hardships from want of food are practically impossible when travelling with camels. In comparing porters and camels it must be borne in mind that the Somáli caravans go from Berbera to Imé, four hundred miles, in sixteen days, which is faster travelling than could be accomplished by Swahili porters for the same length of road.
Of all the Somáli coast ports by far the most promising is Berbera. Without counting the great capacity of Somáliland itself as a consumer of our fabrics, which I shall touch upon later, Berbera has many advantages which will, I feel sure, cause it to become very valuable as entrepôt and distributer to countries and tribes outside the existing sphere of British influence. If the resources of Central Africa are destined ever to be fully developed, I believe Berbera will be one of the chief outlets for Central African exports.
The position of Berbera is unique. The meat supplies for Aden come almost entirely from there, and freight is always obtainable. Already two, and sometimes three, coasting steamers call weekly at Berbera, to say nothing of the freights carried by dhows. Berbera is close to one of the greatest lines of shipping in the world, and when trade develops into direct communication, the proximity of Europe and India cannot fail to attract capital. Another advantage which Berbera has over the ports of the East African coast is that the long sea-voyage, with its dangerous Cape Guardafui and its uncertain currents, is avoided; and although the land distance to Uganda and the Equatorial Province is greater than from Mombasa, Somáliland has, in Aden, a base secure from all attack, and is a week closer than Mombasa to England and India. I have already shown the advantage of camel transport in the Hinterland of the Somáli coast. The route to Central Africa, at any rate as far as Imé, four hundred miles inland, is an excellent one, presenting no difficulties to caravans, either owing to physical causes or the temper of the natives; and, moreover, the whole of the country through which it passes is exceptionally healthy.
The Gállas beyond Imé are camel-owners like the Somális, and live much in the same way. The route is so good, for the first four hundred miles at least from the coast, that at any time, should the trade of Central Africa ever in the far distant future be sufficient to justify it, the construction of a railway following it would be perfectly easy.
The following statistics I find published in a Calcutta paper, having been taken from Lieutenant-Colonel Stace’s Official Report on Somáli Coast Commerce, 1891-92: “The total value of the trade of Zeila last year was over a quarter of a million sterling, exports figuring for £151,721 of this sum. The exports consist almost exclusively of coffee from Harar (valued last year at over £100,000), skins, and hides; while their imports are piece goods (£12,508), rice (£31,827), American shirtings (£17,941), Indian shirtings (£10,057), and jowári (£10,000). The total value of the trade of Berbera and Bulhár last year was £280,664, of which imports are responsible for £161,112. Berbera is supposed to contain about 30,000 people during the principal trading season, Bulhár perhaps 5000, and Zeila 6000.”
There are many minor imports which do not compare in importance with those named. Among the possible imports in the distant future may figure common brown blankets. They are most popular as presents, and might eventually, I should think, develop into an article of trade.
Other chief exports at present, besides those already named, are—
- Gum,
- Ostrich feathers,
- Cattle and sheep (for the Aden market).
The hides, the trade in which seems to me to be capable of great development, go to America, whence most of the cotton goods are imported.
Considering the capacity of Somáliland as a consumer of our fabrics, our countrymen’s lack of enterprise in having allowed American goods to gain the ascendancy in this market seems astonishing. Among the future possible exports of value are the fibre of the hig or pointed aloe, certain barks for tanning leather, and other natural products. Ivory at present mostly goes to ports west of Zeila, and does not figure largely in the exports from the British Protectorate. Now that the Eastern Soudan is closed, the gum of Somáliland should be important.
There are many kinds of resin and of gum, the best gum being that of the adad, a low-spreading thorn-tree, exuding from the branches of which can be seen transparent knobs of the gum of a golden hue, the size of a lemon, and pleasant to taste. It is much eaten by the natives and by gazelles. Gum-pickers take it to their squalid-looking encampments, and loading camels with the sacks, they take them to the coast for sale.
FOOTNOTES
[1] The Habr Awal, Habr Gerhajis, and Habr Toljaala.
[2] When a man commits murder or manslaughter the relatives of the deceased can claim blood money. The tribe to which the slayer belongs must either pay this, give up the murderer, or fight. Which of these three courses will be taken depends on the nature of the act, and whether the man is considered to be worth fighting for.
[3] The Gerád (Arabic Sultán) is the paramount chief of a tribe.
[4] Most Somális who pray a great deal do it, I am convinced, for their reputation’s sake; and most of the religious observances are to “show off,”—a thing the Somáli loves to do.
An instance of this is the horror of dogs. I have seen a Somáli, when thinking himself unobserved, playing with a pariah dog; but if a Somáli servant, in a house at Aden, when waiting at table, should be brushed against by a perfectly clean English fox-terrier, he will as likely as not drop the dish which he is carrying, and say that he has been bitten. All this horror is acted for the benefit of the other servants.
[5] My usual plan on losing a camel is to offer a reward to the finder, deducting the amount from the pay of the loser.
[6] When a Somáli is speaking to a foreigner, he generally uses instead of rer, the Arabic karia (village) to designate his kraal. He also uses the Arabic ayyal instead of the tribal prefix rer. Thus he calls the Rer Yunis, who live at Bulhár, the Ayyal Yunis.
[7] I have merely guessed at this origin for the Somális. The traditions of the Gállas themselves should, if obtainable, throw light on this subject. Captain Abud says, “The aboriginal inhabitants of Somáliland cannot be clearly traced. The Somális say they were Gállas, but in the Somáli language every one not a Mussulman is called Gál, or infidel.”
[8] Quite recently (Christmas, 1894) another Somáli raid against the Gállas of the Tana has resulted in the total defeat of the Somális at Kulessa by a handful of white men and natives.
[9] I noticed that though the Gállas at Karanleh and on the Tana were a tolerably thin-featured race, those at Harar were quite different, being very much more coarse-featured than the Somáli type. Mr. W. B. Harris, in a very interesting account in Blackwood’s Magazine (Sept. 1894) of his visit to Harar, has noticed this.
[10] The rhinoceros bird, called Shimbir Loh, or the “cow bird,” by Somális.
[11] If camels have to make a start before dawn, it is a great mistake to arrive at the evening camp after dark, and to throw off the loads and let the camels rest at night on an empty stomach. A continued course of such treatment will kill the best camels. When camels “flop” down on arriving in camp, or “swear” very much on being loaded, it is a sure sign they are being overworked. With good pasturage and proper working hours, I have often seen fifty camels loaded up almost in silence.
[12] Biladiers, i.e. country police (derived from the Arabic).
[13] Sircal, i.e. Government or Government official—a corruption from Hindustáni or Arabic.
[14] This was a mistake, as I could have bought all the camels for £8 the lot and sold them for £6 at the end of the trip, and on all later trips I have bought instead of hiring.
[15] Guban and Gudan are names quite distinct from one another.
[16] Some time afterwards, in Berbera, two natives came down and reported that they had seen the dead elephant near Hargeisa, and that a passing caravan had appropriated the tusks on its way to Harar. Through the proper channels I applied to the Emir of Harar for their recovery, and that is the last I ever heard of them.
[17] The first treaty between the British Government and the Somális was signed in 1827 after the plundering of an English ship by the Habr Awal. In 1840 another was signed with the chiefs of Zeila and Tajurra. In 1865 Sir Richard Burton’s expedition was attacked at Berbera, and the blockade which followed was raised on the signing of another treaty. In 1866 treaties were made with the Habr Gerhajis, Habr Toljaala, and Midjerten; and since 1884, when the Egyptians handed over the coast to Great Britain, treaties have been made with all the northern tribes. By an agreement signed in 1888, the boundary separating the British and French Protectorates begins near Loyi-ada, on the coast between Jibúti and Zeila, and runs by Abbaswein, Biyo-Kabóba, Gildessa, towards Harar.
On 5th May 1894 a protocol was signed, fixing the boundaries of the Italian and British spheres of influence. The boundary-line starts from Gildessa, and, following the eighth parallel of north latitude, skirts the north-eastern border of the territories inhabited by the Géri, Bertiri, and Rer Ali tribes, leaving Gildessa, Jig-Jiga, and Milmil within the Italian sphere of influence. The line then follows latitude 8° north as far as its intersection with the forty-eighth meridian of east longitude, and thence to the intersection of latitude 9° north, with longitude 49° east, along which it proceeds, terminating at the coast.
[18] These baggage camels from Aden were not a success, and I have never since tried to import into Somáliland any Arab camels but the fast ones which are ridden.
[19] We afterwards heard, in Berbera, that while we were at Gosaweina two or three Mahamud Gerád saw our camp from a distance, and rode away to warn the tribes, with the result that fifty horsemen came to reconnoitre, but found we had already marched back to Badwein.
[20] Sometimes we were several hours passing a cloud of millions upon millions of these insects, which were going the other way; at other times they were found settled upon the ground, covering great areas, or they were crawling and hopping over the grass and sand. The newly-born ones stream along the ground like a brown rivulet; then there are half-grown ones, which can only hop, and look from a distance like strips of green grass. The full-grown locusts are of three colours-yellow, green, and spotted red. The different generations do not appear to mix.
[21] Literally “Lion Hand Mountain.”
[22] Nala, i.e. the dry river-bed of India, called in Arabia wádi, in Somáliland, tug.
[23] Although at the present time I am not much inconvenienced by the wounds, my right arm and shoulder are very deeply scarred.
[24] Euphorbia.
[25] The Esa sub-tribes are grouped into two great divisions—the Esa Ad or White Esa, and the Esa Madóba or Black Esa.
[26] The Jibril Abokr were deeply grateful, and on our second visit to them they took the trouble to come from all sides to express their gratitude to us for having forwarded their complaints.
[27] We saw also several graves of women. In this country they do not give women the heaps of stones surrounded by enclosures which mark the graves of men. They merely bury the women in the earth, heaping thorns on top to prevent prowling hyænas from rooting up the grave; and in the middle of the thorns they set up an upright stake with the top of a broken hán hung over it; this serves as a scarecrow to keep off wild animals.
Our men, whenever we passed a grave, piously said a prayer and plucked a tuft of grass to throw over it.
[28] A large rounded tree producing quantities of edible red berries. They look like cherries, and have a stone inside, but taste like half-dried apples.
[29] Also called Gol Wiyileh.
[30] Some skill of hand and eye is required in this work. The man above with the empty bucket throws it down to the man below at the same moment that the latter tosses up the full one. On reaching the surface each full bucket is emptied out into the rough cattle trough at which the cattle are drinking, improvised out of a hide propped up with sticks and stones, or in a hollow shaped with clay. Half the water is lost on the way up, so it usually takes many hours to water the enormous herds.
[31] “Wise man” or chief.
[32] We afterwards ascertained that at this time Banagúsé, the Abyssinian chief, was shooting elephants in Harrawa under the guidance of a son of Nur, the deposed Ugaz of the Gadabursi tribe. When we passed through the Harrawa Valley a few days later we were taken no notice of by Banagúsé or the Ugaz, who was living quite near our route. The latter had professed himself an enemy to the British, and had been intriguing with the Abyssinians, encouraging them to advance their influence into the Gadabursi country, in the hope that by their help he would be reinstated at the head of the tribe, ousting his brother Elmy, the present Ugaz.
[33] Undertaken after the Esa raid on Bulhár.
[34] The Somális themselves denied that the sickness was caused by bad water, declaring that the real cause was the bites of mosquitoes. These pests (called Kan-ad) are not generally present in Eastern Somáliland, but are common at certain spots on the coast between Berbera and Zeila, and on the Zeila-Harar routes, and in the Gadabursi country. They are also found near the Webbe, and when there the tribes from Berbera, who are not accustomed to mosquitoes, have a great dread of their bites, believing malarial fever to be caused by them.
[35] Adapted by Somális from the Hindustáni.
[36] The following titles were explained to me by an Abyssinian, and, though I cannot vouch for their accuracy of spelling, I jot them down:—
- Negúsa negest, the Emperor; literally the “king of kings.”
- Negús, King.
- Rás-Bitódet and Rás, high titles ranking next to Negús.
- Dejasmatch, General of Division.
- Kanyasmatch, General of the Right.
- Gerasmatch, General of the Left.
- Fi Taurari, General of the Advance.
- Balanbaras, Commandant of a fortress.
- Turk Basha, General of Artillery.
- Yeshi Alaka, Chief of a thousand.
The combined camp of a large Abyssinian army is so arranged that the Emperor and various kings occupy the central camp. In front is that of several Rás, Dejasmatch, and Taurari; to the right several Rás, Dejasmatch, and Kanyasmatch; to the left several Rás, Dejasmatch, and Gerasmatch.
Some idea of Rás Makunan’s importance as Governor of Harar may be gained from the fact that he has under him four Dejasmatch, eight Balanbaras, four Kanyasmatch, nine Gerasmatch, and five Fi Taurari.
Any of the kings has apparently a chance of becoming Emperor. The present Emperor, Menelek, is also King of Shoa.
[37] The Gu or spring rains; due about the middle of April.
[38] Also called Dih Wiyileh.
[39] Amhára, i.e. Abyssinians.
[40] It now transpires that the Italian traveller Sacconi had visited this neighbourhood, and that it was here he was killed in 1883.
[41] The Rer Amáden have inflicted loss on the Abyssinians from time to time. I saw the remains of the bivouac of an Abyssinian army which was said to have been defeated by them two or three years before my visit. The Malingúr, living in the Fáfan Valley, which is the Abyssinian eastward path of invasion, have had to give in, but not so the Amáden.
[42] By the Protocol of ’94 the Amáden tribe falls within the Italian sphere of influence.
[43] The mullahs get on with Europeans because, being the only people in Somáliland who can read and write, they have great respect for people who show nimbleness with a pencil and note-book, and who can write even on horseback; they admire pictures and photographs.
I was amused by their insisting that nearly every book I had was a “Frinji Bible”; and not till I had shown them the illustrations in one of the supposed Bibles, which was Gordon-Cumming’s Five Years’ Adventures in South Africa, did they realise that there are books on every subject. They all beg for hashi (paper), Korans, and tusbas, and I gave a score of mullahs two or three quires of white foolscap to divide between them.
[44] I.e. “the black rock,” called after a feature in the river-bed near the wells.
[45] She had actually come back half a mile on her tracks to follow us, with what motive I know not, unless it was to see us safe off the ground. A lion will often, on seeing men in the jungle, follow them in order to mark them down and find out the site of their karia, with a view to future seizures of cattle or human beings.
[46] Between the Tug Fáfan and Milmil we were very much annoyed by two kinds of gadfly, the camels, whenever they were halted, throwing themselves down and rolling, with the result that a great deal of kit was broken. There are two kinds—the balaad, a small, grayish black fly the size of a common house-fly, with triangular wings, very dangerous to camels, often causing eventual death; and the dúg, as large as a bumblebee, which stings both men and animals, and is present in great numbers, only ceasing its persecutions by night. It is not so dangerous to camels as balaad. I learned, on sending specimens to be examined at the British Museum, that neither of these flies have anything whatever to do with the “Tsetse” of South Africa, which belongs to an entirely different family.
[47] These people are a great encumbrance in the movable karias of the nomads, and if they stay there, unless they have relations who will befriend them, they soon die, or are eaten up by the packs of hyænas which haunt the outskirts of the encampments at night. In the hope of gaining a permanent sanctuary they travel painfully great distances to the nearest mullah villages; hence the large number of cripples and sick that are to be found in these settlements.
[48] I call this tree the casuarina, because of its resemblance to a tree so called which is common in India. Having lost my botanical collection in the Webbe I cannot accurately identify it.
[49] The various kinds of game, although unable to get at the water lying at the bottom of the deep wells, visit them at night on the chance of finding water standing at the surface, left in the excavated clay troughs after flocks have been watered.
[50] The people here played a characteristic pleasantry upon me. I found it difficult to buy a sheep, and had quite given up all hope of getting mutton for my men, when one was at last driven up to my tent; the owner of the sheep said he had heard I wanted one, and that having been some distance off he could not come till now. I bought the sheep for two pieces of cloth. Half an hour later its throat began to swell up, and my men showed the marks where it had been bitten by an abéso, a very poisonous snake, whilst grazing. Half an hour later it was dead, its neck having swollen to a tremendous size. By this time, of course, the owner of the sheep had vanished!
[51] The bush being chiefly of low, flat-topped mimósas, spreading into foliage about four feet from the ground, a man walking erect has little chance of seeing the game first, unless he stops and bends down to look along the ground at every few paces.
[52] Many Arabic words are incorporated into the Somáli language, and many more are used by Somális only when talking to strangers.
[53] Of these Somáli antelopes, no less than five have been described as new species since 1891, namely, hartebeest, Clarke’s antelope, the red hill antelope called Baira, and three dwarf antelopes of the genus Madoqua.
[54] Rusa aristotelis.
[55] Not long after my second visit to the Webbe, Major Wood pushed into the country across the river, and was successful in bringing to England the trophies of these giraffes.
[56] I.e. a “wise man,” elder, or petty chief.
[57] These stores should be sewn up in small bags, each to contain a fortnight’s supply.
[58] The stony nature of much of the country renders these necessary.
[59] There are two kinds of pad saddles used by Arab coolies in Aden, a large one for the baggage camel and a smaller and neater one for the fast camel. Neither have stirrups, as an Arab coolie presses his feet into the groove of the camel’s neck, a very comfortable way of riding.
[60] These rates are what would be given to men highly skilled at their duties; the great thing to avoid is spoiling the market for other travellers.
[61] A disadvantage of the Arab camel is that until it has been a few months in Somáliland it may not settle down to its new climatic conditions and change of food.
[62] It must be remembered that there are generally more sporting parties than lions near the coast, and the game is being driven farther and farther towards the distant interior every year; so it is necessary to go to unexplored tribes to get good sport.
INDEX
- Abadigal, Banagúsé’s headman, 166
- Abbárso camp, 101
- Abbasgúl, 122, 136, 195;
- raided by Habr Awal, 195
- Abdul Ishák, 88
- Abdul Káder, 131, 217, 220, 221, 229
- Abonsa in the Harar Highlands, 138
- Abósa, 143
- Abud, Captain, 15, 19;
- at Hargeisa, 259
- Abyssinians, 230, 267, 279;
- threaten to attack Hargeisa, 101;
- leader, Banagúsé, 111;
- scouting for, 126;
- soldiers seize our men and camels, 147;
- and the Esa tribe, 149;
- threaten to attack author’s party, 167;
- general, 167;
- raids, 168, 169;
- dealings with foreigners, 182;
- ambition, power, influence, 183
- Adad thorn bushes, 208, 370
- Adadleh, 291
- Adan Yusuf, caravan leader, 156, 165, 202
- Aden, 257, 291;
- garrison, 78
- Adone, 23, 223, 224, 227, 276
- Ahmed Abdalla, Sultán, 138
- Ain Valley, 93
- Alaka Gobau Desta, 178
- Alakud or klipspringer, 318
- Aleyadéra nala, 121
- Ali Hirsi, author’s hunter, 79, 299
- Ali Maan, 115, 158
- Allegiri tribe, 94
- Aloe plants, 13
- Aloes and thorn jungle, ruins rise from, 95
- Amáden, 228
- Amhára or Abyssinians, 201, 204, 227
- Amháric letter from Rás Makunan, 152
- Ammodorcas clarkei, 310
- Antelopes, 298
- Ant-hills, 102, 306
- Aoul gazelle, description of, 314
- Arab salutation “Salaam aleikum,” 9;
- immigrations, 21;
- pony taken from Bombay as experiment by author, 131
- Arabian trotting camel, author’s, 165
- Arasama, sub-tribe of Dolbahanta, 93, 96
- Armadader aloe undergrowth, 111
- Armo creeper, 49, 247, 371;
- food of elephants, 70
- Aror, 126
- Arregéd, a deep ravine in Bur Dab Range, 96
- Arroweilo, 27
- Arroweilo legend, 26, 27
- Arrto; loss of Count Porro’s expedition, 152
- Arussi Gállas, 223, 230, 263
- Assa Range, 41
- Au Ismail, 133
- Aukál, or elders, 81
- Aulihán Somális, 210, 267, 273, 307;
- country, 326
- Au Mahomed Sufi, the Somáli Sheikh, 128
- Awálé Yasin injured, 158
- Awáré, 283
- Ayyal Yunis traders, 164
- Ba (tribal collective prefix), 20;
- Awal, 20;
- Habr, 20;
- Gailoh, 20;
- Ambaro (or sons of Ambaro), 21;
- Gadabursi elders, 79, 84
- Baboons, 143, 249, 273, 327
- Badgers, 329
- Badwein (Big Tank) in the Dolbahanta country, 27;
- march to, 95
- Bahgoba camels stolen, 113
- Baira antelope described, 321
- Bakáwa, ascent of, 97
- Baker, Sir Samuel, 116
- Banagúsé, Abyssinian general, 120, 142, 165;
- his history, 169;
- threatens to arrest author, 165;
- is beaten in the game, 167
- Ban-ki-Aror Plain, 122
- Banyéro Mountain, 249, 251
- Barkad Gerád, 95
- Basha-Basha, Abyssinian general, 130, 177;
- reported killed, 278
- Baudi, Captain, 210, 224
- Beads, 281, 347
- Bér, 92;
- return to, 97
- Berbera, 2, 223, 257, 361;
- start from, 45, 259;
- Maritime Plain, 51;
- taken over by British Government, 75
- Bergéli, 93
- Bertiri tribe, 20, 120, 136, 142, 167
- Billeil, 194, 207, 289, 370
- Birds on the Wagar Mountains, 98;
- varieties of, 328
- Biyo-Kabóba, Abyssinian fort, 114, 152
- Blood-feud, 14
- Blood-money, 13
- Boh, our Esa guide, 151
- Boho, 83
- Bohol-Káwulu, 113
- Bombay Infantry sepoys, 86
- Bombós, 122
- Bone-setting by the Somális, 159
- Botanical collection lost, 277
- Bottigo, Captain, 222
- Bottor Valley, 111
- British influence, effect of, 118
- Bubalis swaynei, first shot, 100
- Buffalo, 228, 273, 274, 326;
- tracks of, 272
- Buk Gégo, 116
- Bulhár, 55, 78, 116, 299, 363;
- under Mr. Morrison’s charge, 81;
- burnt to the ground, 121;
- march to, 156
- Bur Dab Range, 90, 92, 295
- Burka, 265, 307
- Bur’o, 92
- Burton, Sir Richard, his first expedition to Somáliland, 78
- Burton’s book, First Footsteps in East Africa, 102, 181
- Bushbuck, 262, 268, 273, 277;
- description of, 308
- Bustards, 328
- Cabul tents, 185, 341
- Cahaigne, Taurin, Monseigneur, 24, 181
- Camelman scared, 93
- Camels, 8, 13, 29, 30, 32, 33;
- varieties of, 33;
- buying and selling, 224, 346;
- meat, 113;
- killed by hyæna, 205;
- load for, 336
- Camera and outfit, 343, 345
- Candeo, Signor, 210, 224
- Caravans, 2, 38;
- our caravan imprisoned, 144
- Carrington’s, Colonel, expedition, 157
- Caves at Jebel Hákim, 184
- Cecchi, Signor, Italian Consul-General, 156, 181
- Cedar forests explored, 98
- Centipedes, 329
- Clarke’s gazelle, 241, 310
- Clarke, T. W. H., 91
- Climate of Somáliland, 371
- Clothes suitable for Somáliland, 345
- Cobus ellipsiprymnus, 307
- Cowasjee Dinshaw Brothers, 346
- Crocodiles, 262, 263, 277, 326
- Curteis, Colonel R., 139
- Czetwertynski, Boris, Prince, 5, 29
- Daar-Áss Mountain, 253, 254, 255
- Daba Jérissa, 282
- Dagaha Todobálla, or “the Rock of the Seven Robbers,” 243
- Dagahbúr in Ogádén, 27, 137, 212
- Daghatto Valley, 205, 206, 209, 230
- Dágo stops our caravan, 144
- Dair (October, November, December), 37, 276
- Dambaswerer in the Rer Amáden country, 217, 222, 229
- Damel Plain, 55;
- sight elephants, 63
- Danakil tribe, 278
- Darémo, 124
- Dárud, 20
- Daud Gerhajis, 21
- Daura reports death of Awálé Yasín, 158;
- and the rhinoceros, 199;
- his tragic death, 238
- Delamere, Lord, 259
- Denleh, 210
- Deria Hassan, my gunbearer, 74, 199
- Deria Shiré, son of important elder of Shiré Shirmáki, 86
- Dhows, 37
- Dibáltig, open recognition of the authority of a sultan, etc., 15, 104;
- in our honour, 129, 220, 240
- Dibatag, or Clarke’s gazelle, description of, 309
- Dibiri-Wein country, 158
- Digan, 157
- Digwein, 295, 296
- Dik-Dik antelopes described, 319
- Dímis, 89
- Division of classes in Somáliland, 4
- Dobóya, 122
- Dofaré, march to, 139
- Dól, or bushbuck, 262, 308
- Dólababa, 236
- Dolbahanta tribe, 20, 21;
- country—reconnoitre trade routes, 90
- Donkeys, 3, 35;
- killed by lion, 285
- Dubár, 90
- Dubbi Harré, Arussi Gálla chief, 265, 276
- Dubbur, 91, 138
- Dubburro, 139
- Ducks, 189
- Dúd Libah, or the “Lion’s Forest,” 236
- Durhi, 202, 204, 205, 210, 236
- Durr, 124, 200, 214, 240;
- grass, 284
- E— (Captain E. J. E. Swayne), 90
- Eagles, 328
- Egyptians evacuate Somáli coast, 78
- Eidegalla tribe, 15, 21, 41, 241, 283
- Eil Ánod, 85
- Eil Bhai, 142
- Eil Dab (rocky well), 94
- Eil-ki-Gabro, 203
- Eilo, a mountain in the Gadabursi country near Zeila, 10
- Eil Sheikh, 82, 84, 85, 89, 157
- Elephant, looking for tracks, 47;
- feeding, 52;
- method of hunting by natives, 116
- Elephants (Maródi), 46, 55, 60, 111, 115, 205;
- at Jalélo, 56;
- shooting, Hembeweina river, 59;
- height of one at shoulder shot at, 58, 76;
- sight herd of sixty, 60;
- death of the big cow, 64;
- a wounded bull, 67;
- feeding on armo creeper, 73;
- in the Daghatto Valley, 206;
- description of, 209, 294
- Élinta Kaddo, 140
- Elmas Mountain, 80, 157
- Emir Abdillahi, 119
- Enleh, 211, 213
- Equus grévyi, 204;
- description of, 322;
- nubianus, description of, 322
- Esa insist they are British subjects, 149
- Esa tribe, 10, 20, 24, 41, 115, 152;
- country entered by author, 115
- Esmán Abdi seized by leopard, 162
- Ethnology, 1
- Expeditions, fitting out, 331;
- expenses, 346
- Exports of Somáliland, 376
- Fáf in Ogádén, 38
- Fáfan river, 259
- Farur Gerád Hirsi, 172
- Felter, Signor, 178, 181, 185
- Feyambiro, 177;
- on the road to, 185
- Fitting out expeditions, 331
- Flowers at Tawáwur, 98
- Fodwein Bluff, 90
- Foxes, 233, 329
- French sphere of influence, 77, 153
- Frogs, 199
- Gabba Oboho, the Adone chief, 224, 226, 258
- Gabratagli, an Abyssinian agent of Menelek, 167, 169, 177
- Gabriel Guigniony, 181
- Gadabursi tribe, 20, 24, 34, 116;
- country, 25, 295;
- start for, 112;
- author leaves the country, 115
- Gadfly, 240, 329
- Gadíd, a man born at noon, 21
- Gagáb wells, 282
- Gaha Pass, 42
- Gálla graves, 26;
- cairns, 94;
- history, 181;
- country, 210
- Gállaland, project to explore, 155, 258, 276
- Gállas, 8, 22, 23, 223, 228, 230, 259, 272, 276
- Gán Libah, 99, 241, 243
- Garabad, 205, 206, 210
- Garasleh stream, 152
- Garba-aleh pool, 202, 203
- Garbadir, 253
- Garodki Mayagód, 124
- Gáshán, or shield, 10
- “Gáshánbúr,” or “brothers of the shield,” 21
- Gáwa Pass, 25
- Gazella sœmmeringi, 314;
- spekei, 316;
- pelzelni, 317
- Gebili, pass through, 111
- Gédi or march, 21
- Géli, author’s gunbearer, 132, 156, 189, 243, 283
- Geographical names, 373
- Gerasmatch, or General of the Left, 178
- Gerenúk, see Waller’s Gazelle
- Géri tribe, 20, 113, 136
- Geríré Gállas, 156, 263
- Gerlogubi, in distant Ogádén, 78, 138
- German mission station, 22;
- missionaries, 22
- Gildessa, 75, 148;
- exciting time at, 144
- Gilimiss, 261
- Giraffe, 228, 326
- Goats, 36
- Gób trees eighty feet high, 127
- Gobau Desta sent to Gildessa to meet author, 152;
- reads Sir R. Burton’s book to Rás, 181
- Gojar under Gureis Mountain, 168, 170
- Golbánti on the Tana river, 22
- Gólis Range, 3, 46, 55, 90, 241, 244, 365
- Gol Wiyileh, or the “Valley of Rhinoceroses,” 200
- Goose shot, 142
- Gosaweina, 96
- Government explorations, 77
- Graphic exhibited to natives, 201
- Grasses, 124
- Grave of a chief, 126
- Graves, 21, 25;
- description of, 93
- Greater koodoo shooting at Mandeira, 242;
- description of, 302
- Grevy’s zebra, 204, 312
- Gu (May and June), 36, 230
- Guban, 55, 244, 294, 307, 316;
- or Lowland gazelle, 317
- Gudá timber, 55, 115, 243, 244, 255
- Gudaweina, 125
- Guigniony, M., a French merchant, 181
- Guinea-fowl, 244, 282, 328
- Gulanleh, 55, 56, 59, 72
- Guldu Hamed, mullah village at Upper Sheikh, 25, 91
- Gumbur Dúg Hill, 140, 164
- Gumbur Wedel Hill, 133
- Gum-pickers, 216
- Gurgi, 2
- Gypsum rock, 92
- Habr (tribal collective prefix), 20
- Habr Awal, 20, 24, 77, 87, 127;
- Gerhajis, 20, 21, 41, 53, 79, 86, 88, 127;
- Toljaala, 20, 77, 91;
- march through the country, 97, 211
- Haddáma, 134
- Hadji Adan, our Esa guide, 151, 277
- Hádo, a visit to, by author, 173, 186
- Haga (July, August, September), 37, 121;
- wind, 121
- Haines or Shabéleh river, 222
- Halal, 218
- Haljíd, 211;
- march to, 199
- Haraf, four miles from Hargeisa, 121, 139
- Harar, 2, 22, 223, 295;
- captured by Abyssinians, 119;
- visited by author, 177
- Harasáwa Valley, description of, 114
- Hares, 329
- Hargeisa in the Habr Awal country, 4, 7, 17, 55, 121, 139, 211;
- description of town, 100
- Harrawa Valley, 25
- Harris, W. B., 23
- Harrison, Captain, 139
- Hartebeest, new variety first shot, 100;
- vast herds of, 102, 122, 142, 163, 172;
- description of, 305
- Harka-weina, 247
- Hassádan trees, seventy feet high, 98, 370
- Hassan, my gunbearer, 20, 156
- Haud, 39, 284, 298, 367;
- Plateau crossed, 122, 129, 291
- Hegebo, near Berbera, 364
- Helmók Valley, 175
- Hemál, under the Bur Ad Range, 115;
- journey from, to Ali Maan, 116
- Hembeweina river at Jalélo, 56, 59, 69
- Henweina Valley, 247, 252, 253
- Hérios, or camel-mats, 346
- Hippopotami, 228, 268, 326
- Hug, in the mountainous Jibril Abokr country, 26
- Huguf Pass, 97
- Hulkabóba, shooting camp, 45
- Hunting leopard or chitah, 281
- Hussein-bin-Khalaf of Karanleh, 260
- Hussein Debeli, my head tracker, sees elephant, 57
- Hyænas, 193, 202, 203, 240, 261, 275, 281, 286;
- stabbed by author, 195;
- description of, 325
- Ibrahim, author’s servant, speared through his hand, 181
- Ibrahim Gúri has camels, sheep, etc., stolen by Abyssinians, 173
- “Ideal” camera, 166
- Imé on the Webbe, 137, 210, 211, 221, 223, 258;
- author’s visit to, 222, 225
- Imports of Somáliland, 376
- Ingrés (or English), 204
- Insects, 98, 329
- Ishák tribes, 20, 26
- Ismail, 20
- Issutugan river-bed, 55;
- river, 56, 78, 294
- Italian sphere of influence, 78
- Instruments (scientific), 353
- Jackals, 329
- Jaléo, 56
- Jáma, my hunter, sitting on the dead lioness, 106;
- Deria, the minstrel of the Rer Amáden, 217, 261
- James, F. L., his exploring party, 78, 222, 229, 295, 368
- Jarso, 169, 184
- Jebel Hakim visited, 182;
- wonderful caves, 184
- Jeráto Pass, 88, 241, 243
- Jibril Abokr, sub-tribe of Habr Awal, 24, 41, 90, 98, 120, 243
- Jibúti, French port, 149, 182
- Jig-Jiga, 111, 120, 165, 170, 186, 187, 211
- Jilál (January to April), 36, 163, 191
- Jilib, or family, 21
- Jopp, General, Resident at Aden, 181
- Jowári, 100, 226, 228, 260
- Juba river, 228;
- sources, 155, 228, 258
- Júk, 163
- Kabri Bahr, waterless march to, 157
- Kalíl season, 37, 163
- Kanyasmatch Basha-Basha, 176
- Karam, 97
- Karanleh on the Webbe, 22, 228, 259, 269
- Karia, or temporary village, 2
- Karin Marda, 174
- Kásin Ishák clan, 88
- Khansa bushes, or umbrella mimósa, 4, 124, 157, 208, 233, 287, 370
- Kheidub-Ayéyu, 126
- Khoda Bux, 80
- Kirrit, 26;
- well reached, 92
- Kites, 328
- Klipspringer, 54, 318
- Kondurá, 174
- Koodoo shooting, 47, 116, 204, 241, 246;
- description of, 302
- Koran, 17;
- given to natives, 202;
- price of, 354
- Kumá (Who are you?), 196
- Kuredelli in the Jerer Valley, 188, 195, 196
- Lámu, 23
- Las Damel, 205
- Lee-Metford rifle, 214, 282
- Leopards, 95, 160, 209;
- first one shot, 100;
- stalking a goat in our camp, 101;
- sport with, 160, 281;
- one seizes Esmán Abdi, 162;
- sitting up for one, 165;
- seizes gazelle and is shot, 198;
- jumps into camp, 202;
- killed at Garba-aleh pool, 203;
- description of, 323
- Lesser koodoo, 54, 121, 204, 277;
- in the Jerer Valley, 199;
- description of, 303
- Lions, 124, 205, 218, 279, 284;
- killed by the Midgáns, 4;
- tracks of, 54;
- roaring of, awake us, 68;
- stalking herds of antelope, 103;
- wounds author, 105;
- fine one killed by E—, 109;
- haunts of, 123;
- sleeping ten yards from author, 129;
- tracking and shooting of one by author, 233;
- seizes sleeping woman, 204;
- exciting hunt, 234;
- attack on a man, 278;
- finest one shot, 288;
- length of skin, 236, 288;
- description of, 292
- Lioness doing sentry, 284
- Lithocranius walleri described, 312
- Lizards, 329
- Locusts, 98
- Lower Nogal, 307
- Loyi-Ada, between Jibúti and Zeila, boundary of English and French influence, 153
- Maaruf, opposite Karanleh, 263
- Mader Adan, 202
- Madoqua swaynei described, 319;
- phillipsi described, 319;
- guentheri described, 319
- Mahamúd Gerád, sub-tribe of the Dolbahanta, 41, 42, 92
- Mahomed Liba, a chief of Rer Ali tribe, 127
- Malcolm Jones, Mr., 156
- Malingúr, 156, 204, 205, 210, 259
- Mandalay, 90
- Mandeira, 54, 89, 242, 243, 295
- Map for Government completed, 89
- Marar Prairie, 25, 142, 158, 162, 211, 268, 369;
- commencement of, 102
- Marda Pass, 173
- Marehán tribe, 20
- Maritime Plain, 53
- Maritime Range, 53, 91, 294, 364
- Marriage laws, 12
- Masai raids, 22
- Massleh Wein, 253
- Menelek, Emperor, 169
- Methodist Mission at Golbánti, 22
- Midgáns, 3, 4, 72, 140, 325;
- method of hunting lion, 293;
- method of hunting oryx, 299
- Midjerten tribe, 20
- Milmil, 121, 128, 283;
- caravans, 41
- Mirso, 45, 90, 252
- “Moga Medir” rock, mentioned by Sir Richard Burton, 102
- Monkeys, 263, 273, 328
- Monsoon, or Gu, 37, 218
- Morrison, D. (the late), 80, 81, 82
- Mosquitoes, 204
- Mules on the Zeila-Harar road, 34
- Mullahs, 4
- Músa Abokr, 92
- Mussulmans, 9, 218, 324;
- teaching, 16
- Náno, 204, 211
- Native councils, 14
- Ngai (German mission station), 22
- Nogál country, 94
- Nomadic tribes, 2, 39
- Núr Osman, my camelman, 47, 48, 53, 56
- Núr Róbleh of Karanleh, 260, 264, 265
- Obok, 278
- Ogádén, 2, 4, 20, 182, 202, 276, 294, 298, 307, 316;
- graves, 94
- Ogo country, 3, 41, 54, 307, 316
- Ogo-Gudan, 55
- Oreotragus megalotis described, 321;
- saltator, 317
- Oryx hunting on foot, 4, 163;
- hide shield, 4;
- shoot two fine bulls and two cows, 56;
- tracks, 69;
- herds of, 102, 122, 136, 163, 205, 216, 241;
- in the Jerer Valley, 199;
- at Náno, 204;
- description of, 298, 325
- Ostrich feather worn by Esa who has killed a man, 11
- Ostriches, 56, 132, 133, 157, 199;
- see seventeen, 110;
- description of, 325
- Outfit, 346
- Paget, Col. Arthur, 91, 92, 261, 307;
- threatened attack on, 170
- Panjábis enlisted at Aden, 83
- Panther, see Leopard
- “Paradox” gun, 209, 287
- Partridges, 328
- Pelzeln’s gazelle, 317
- Photographic outfit, 343
- Physical geography of Somáliland, 361
- Plants and trees, 369
- Plateau gazelles, 56, 317
- Ponies, description of, 34
- Porro, Count, expedition of, 152
- Purchase of tent, rifles, etc., 341
- Rabbits, 329
- Raiding tribes, 41
- Raids, Somális and Gállas, 41
- Rain, deluge of, 139, 218
- Rainy season, 37
- Rás Makunan, governor of Harar, 147, 231, 241;
- his orders to treat British travellers with courtesy, 168;
- visit to Shoa, 168;
- visit to Rome, 178;
- expresses great friendship for the British, 181;
- author’s farewell visit to, 183
- Rations for natives, 348
- Ravens, 328
- Remington rifles, 144
- Rer (tribal collective prefix), 20
- Rer Ali tribe, 12, 20, 188, 212;
- wealth of, 283
- Rer Amáden, 136, 156, 212, 216
- Rer Harún, 128, 137, 211
- Rer Dahir Farah, sub-tribe, 20
- Rer Dollol and their camels, 102
- Rer Gédi, 134
- Rer Guléd (family), 21
- Rer Haréd spies, 111;
- robbers, 113
- Rer Mattan (clan), 21
- Rer Samanter karias, 139
- Rer Shirmáki Adan, 21
- Rer Yunis Jibril, 101
- Rhinoceros, first one shot, 132;
- shoot fine bull, 133;
- horns as sword handles, drinking cups, etc., 148;
- horns given as present to Rás Makunan, 148;
- author’s adventure with, 190, 200;
- drinking, 191;
- plentiful in Jerer Valley, 198;
- at Náno, 204;
- description of, 297
- Rhinoceros bird, 32
- Rhinoceros Valley, or Dih Wiyileh, 200
- Rifle kicks and injures author, 64;
- ·577 used to shoot lion, 109;
- Lee-Metford, success of, 215;
- Winchester “Express,” 214
- Rifles, the battery to take, 343
- Róbleh, 21
- Rock rabbits, 329
- Rowland Ward, Mr., 247;
- examines new gazelle, 310
- Ruins, 22;
- at Badwein, 95
- Ruspoli, Prince, 170, 223, 261, 265, 281
- Saad Yunis, 92
- Said Harti, 21
- Sakáro antelopes, 63, 87, 243;
- description of, 319
- Sala Asseleh, 143
- Sala, Mr., an Italian traveller, 115
- “Salaam aleikum” (Peace be with you), 87
- Salimbeni, Count, 178
- Samani, 219
- Samanter, 20, 126;
- my interpreter, 88
- Samawé ruins, 25;
- tomb, 25
- Sarar-awr (camel-back plateau), 86
- Sattáwa, halt at, to form camp, 114
- Sclater, Dr., 305
- Scorpions, 329
- Segag, 210
- Sen Morettu, 261, 263, 277
- Seton Karr, 157
- Seyyid Mahomed, 259
- Seyyid Mahomed’s town, 4, 259
- Shabéleh, 136, 258
- Shafei Mussulman, 20
- Sheep, 2, 36;
- export of, 3
- Sheikh, 90;
- Pass, 45
- Sheikh Mattar, the chief of Hargeisa, 7, 17, 101, 121, 156, 259
- Shendil, 275
- Shield, 10, 297
- Shírdone Yunis, 80
- Shiré Shirmáki, 69, 71
- Shirmáki Adan and his fifty-two children, 21
- Shoa, 168
- Shúm, or petty officer, visits author, 164
- Sirkal (Government official), 43, 196
- Sisai, at the back of Wagar, 97
- Snakes, 329
- Sobát, twelve miles from Jalélo, 59
- Sœmmering’s gazelle, vast herds of, 102, 122, 133, 142, 157, 164, 172;
- shoot two right and left, 164;
- at Náno, 204;
- shot with Lee-Metford, 214;
- description, 315
- So Madu, arrival of mail bag, 153
- So Midgán, 85
- Somáli tribes, 1, 21, 22;
- the, his character, 7, 17;
- salutation “Nabad,” 9;
- religion, costume, weapons, superstitions, and nomenclature, 10;
- women, wonderful powers of endurance, 12;
- language, 17;
- origin, 19;
- nicknames, 21;
- seasons, 36;
- trade, 374
- Spears, 10
- Spear-throwing, 218
- Spiders, 329
- Sporting battery, 343
- Squirrels, 262, 329
- Stace, Lieut.-Col., 376
- Storks, 328
- Strepsiceros imberbis (lesser koodoo), 243, 303
- Subbul hills, 111, 162
- Sultán Deria, 21
- Swahili race, 23
- Swayne, Captain E. J. E., assists me in the survey, 90
- Swayne’s hartebeest first shot, 100;
- description of, 305
- Sword hunters, 116
- Syk, in the high Ogo country, 88, 244
- Taala Gálla, or Gálla cairns, 26, 91
- Tana river, 23
- Taurin Cahaigne, Monseigneur, of Harar, 24, 181
- Tawáwur (nearly seven thousand feet), 97
- Temperature, 37, 38, 372;
- at Sisai, 97
- Temple, supposed work of Gállas, 95
- Tents, 341;
- Cabul, 185, 341;
- description of Basha-Basha’s, 175
- Theodolite station, 90
- Thirst, effect on domestic animals, 123
- Ticks, 34
- Tobe, 9, 287
- Tomal, 3
- Toyo Plain, 42, 297
- Trade of Somáli, 375
- Traders, 2
- Trading caravans, 2
- Tragelaphus decula, 308
- Treaty between British Government and Somális, 77
- Trees, 370
- Trophies, preparation of, 359
- Tug Dér, wells, 91
- Túli, 132;
- march to, 201
- Tusbas, scented prayer-chaplets, 220
- Tusks of Somáli elephant smaller than those of southern ones, 76
- Ugaz Núr, 114
- Ujawáji, 101, 120, 162
- Umr Ugaz, 205, 261
- Upper Sheikh, 91
- Vultures, 113, 215, 275, 328
- Vulturine guinea-fowls at the wells, 94
- Wa-berri (from berri, morning), 21
- Wádi thorn-trees, 163
- Wagar Mountain, 46, 97, 303
- Waller’s gazelle, 56, 133, 201, 204, 237, 321;
- seized by panther, 198;
- shot with Lee-Metford, 214;
- killed by leopard, 281;
- description of, 312
- Walsh, L. P., assistant Resident at Aden, 78, 148
- Wandi, chief of police at Harar, 184
- Wapokómo negroes of the Tana, 23
- Warda-Gumaréd, one of the great trade arteries, 123
- Waredad Plain, 96, 294
- Waror, 133;
- description of wells, 135
- Warsama Dugál, a chief of the Ba-Gadabursi, 85
- Warsingali tribe, 20
- Wart-hog, 126, 243, 254, 278;
- kill fine one near camp, 64, 278;
- description of, 324
- Water, method of getting, 92, 135;
- supply statistics, 122;
- wells, 241
- Water-bottles made by natives, 10
- Waterbuck, 228, 261, 268, 275, 276;
- swims across stream, 269;
- description of, 307
- Webbe Shabéleh river, 23, 38, 210, 307;
- first journey to, 186, 213, 223, 226, 228;
- second journey to, 258;
- crossing the river, 264
- Wild asses, 56;
- description of, 323
- Wild boar, see Wart-hog
- Wild dog, 326
- Wolverton, Lord, 261
- Women appeal for help against the Abyssinians, 127
- Wood, Major C. E. W., 326
- Yahia, a Somáli, 265, 276
- Yebir, 3
- Yemen, 182
- Yirrowa, 90
- Yoáleh, 127
- Yoghol hill, 25
- Yunis, author’s guide, 216
- Zebra, trying to catch young one, 216
- Zebras, 204, 205, 214, 237;
- description of, 322
- Zeila, 24, 151, 153, 362;
- under British Consul, 78;
- exploration into the hills, 89;
- march to, 115
- Zeríba, 2, 20, 126, 200, 236;
- arrangement of, 357
- Zoological Society Proceedings shown to natives, 229