The author reports on the wartime service and living conditions of Black soldiers, based on an eighteen-month field investigation in the United States and France. Drawing on camp visits, thousands of interviews, official records, and consultations with military leaders and welfare agencies, the study documents fighting records, daily camp life, challenges to promotion and officer commissions, interactions with recreational and relief organizations, labor assignments such as stevedoring, and homefront responses. It emphasizes the soldiers' conduct, morale, and the social tensions shaped by segregation, public opinion, and institutional policies, presenting measured observations rather than a formal military history.