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Socialism and Modern Science (Darwin, Spencer, Marx)

Chapter 58: FOOTNOTES:
By Enrico Ferri
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About This Book

The author examines alleged conflicts between evolutionary science and socialist doctrine, analyzing claims about individual equality, the struggle for existence, and survival of the fittest, and argues that empirical biology and evolution can support collectivist reforms rather than refute them. He contrasts evolutionary and socialist interpretations of progress, considers whether social change requires reform or violent upheaval, and evaluates sociology's contributions while integrating Marxist and Darwinian insights. Sections address collective ownership, the class struggle, and questions about gender and physiology in relation to social policy, and appendices reply to critics and unpack individualist versus socialist misunderstandings.

FOOTNOTES:

[89] This appendix was written as a reply to a book by Baron Garofalo, called La Superstition socialiste. This book made quite a sensation in Italy and France, not on account of the solidity of its arguments, but merely because Garofalo had been associated with Lombroso and Ferri in founding the modern school of criminology. As Garofalo's book is practically unknown in this country, I have felt justified in making many and large omissions from this appendix. Gabriel Deville exposed the emptiness of Garofalo's pretentious book in a most brilliant open letter to the Baron, which appeared in Le Socialiste for the 15th of Sept., 1895.—Tr.

[90] The present work, which appeared in Italian in 1894, in French in 1895, and in Spanish in Madrid and Buenos-Ayres in 1895. It now appears in English for the first time.

[91] Giraud-Teulon, Double péril social. L'Eglise et le socialisme, Paris, 1894, p. 17.

[92] E. Ferri, l'Omicidio nell' antropologia criminale, Turin, 1895, together with Atlas and more especially Religion et Criminalité in la Revue des Revues, Oct.. 1895.

[93] De Molinari, Science et Religion, Paris, 1894.

[94] Garofalo suppressed these lines in the French edition of his book.

[95] Tchisch, la Loi fondamentale de la vie, Dorpat, 1895, p. 19.

[96] And yet, how many judges have not, to the injury of the Socialists, denied this elementary truth taught by the dictionary!

[97] More correctly, collective ownership of the land.—Tr.