As for their plan of work, perhaps the aims and methods of a 'settlement' are not too well known for repetition. They are not all the same, but the differences are slight. The directors of this settlement, for instance, desire to plant a settlement house in every poor street; a house which shall be inhabited by the workers, men or women, and shall serve as a model for the other people in the street; example, in fact, is relied upon as a potent influence. There is, or will be, a large club house and coffee tavern for men and women, boys and girls. Once a week there is a concert in the hall. The members of the settlement take as large a part as possible in the local government; they have laid out a burial-ground at the back of their hall as a garden; they have a medical mission which gives consultations free; some of them are poor men's lawyers; they have introduced the University Extension Lectures; they have founded thrift agencies; they hold Sunday afternoons for the men; they have a maternity society; they have a clothes store; they have an adult school. Classes are held in hygiene, mathematics, and classics; there have been Shakespeare readings, music, singing, country holidays, summer camps, children's holidays; there is a boys' brigade; there is musical drill; there are May Day and Harvest Festivals; and there are, in addition, works of religion and temperance which I have not enumerated above.
The keynote of all such work as this is, for the workers, personal service; for the people, the influence of example, the attraction of things which they understand at once to be a great deal more pleasant than the bar and the tap-room; such a variety of work and recreation as may drag all into the net except the substratum of all, whom nothing can lift out of the mire.
One or two things have yet to be learned as regards these settlements. First, how large an area in a densely populated part can be covered by a single settlement? Next, how many young men can be found to carry on the work? For instance, if the Browning Settlement can reach—of course it cannot—all the people of Walworth, which is in the Parish of Newington, and includes 120,000 people, there ought to be nine other settlements in South London from Battersea to Greenwich, both included. If we give 20,000 people for each settlement, then there ought to be at least fifty settlements for the millions of the working class. The Report does not state how many residents there are, but gives a list of the officers and managers of departments, from which it would seem that about thirty are actively engaged from day to day. So that fifteen hundred voluntary workers in all would be required in order to cover this land of slums with an effective string of settlements.
There never was a time when more determined efforts have been made for the elevation of the submerged, and there never was a time when so many young men and young women have been found ready to give the whole of their time, or all their spare time, to the work. Whether they will succeed in effecting a permanent improvement remains to be seen; whether the attraction of personal devotion which is now passing over the minds of the young will continue and remain with us has also to be proved. The directors of the Browning Settlement meantime declare—I have no intention of questioning the truth of their assertion—that they find already among the people 'a quickening of spirit, shown in keener intellectual interest, intenser civic ardour, warmer friendship, and more avowed piety.' If such are the fruits of a settlement, we cannot but desire for South London a chain of settlements reaching from Battersea to Greenwich, both inclusive.
Note.—Since this was written several new Theatres have been built in South London. I should therefore like to correct the passage on p. 320 which states that the Theatres are humble. Also I would acknowledge the existence of local newspapers, and instead of saying that it has no public buildings I would say only one or two old buildings.
INDEX
- Acrensis, Thomas, 161
- Actors, Company of, 225-228
- Ailwin, Childe, 52
- Albion Island, 4
- Alfred repairs the Walls, 31
- Allectus, Emperor, 18, 26
- Alleyn, Edward, 271
- Arundell, Archbishop, 114, 116
- Asclepiodotus, 29
- Awdry, Legend of, 15
- Bankside, 217
- Battersea Fields, 303, 304
- Battle of Clapham Common, 18
- — on London Bridge, 148-150
- Bear Garden Alley, 214
- 'Below Bridge,' 229
- Bermondsey, Religious House, 51
- — Spa Gardens, 292
- — Hall, 233
- Bill of a Feast, 265
- Boadicea, Queen, 26
- Boleyn, Anne, 122
- Bombardment of London, 153
- Borough Compter, 249, 272, 278
- — Society, 260, 261
- Bridge across the River, 12
- — at the Barefoot Tavern, 264
- — Construction of, 29
- — Destroyed and repaired, 44, 45
- —, The, 25
- — when built, 26
- Bridges, Roman Method of Building, 28
- Bull and Bear Baiting, 210, 211
- Burials and Marriages in St. Mary Overies, 64
- Cade's Rebellion, 148
- Canal of Cnut, Maitland's Discovery of, 38
- Canterbury, Pilgrimages to, 163
- — Tales, 168-176
- Carausius, History of, 18
- Causeway across Southwark Marsh, 6, 7
- — the Lie of, 6, 7
- Chapel of St. Peter on the Wall, 4
- Charles II.'s Restoration, 129
- Charlton Fair, 188
- Chaucer's Company of Pilgrims, 168-174
- Chelsea—'Isle of Shingle,' 6
- Christmas at Kennington Palace, 77-79
- Clapham Common Battle, 18
- — Rise, 5
- Clink Prison, 248
- Cnut's Canal, Course of, 40, 41
- — Siege, 38
- — Trench, 38
- Commercial Docks, 234, 305
- Copt Hall or Vauxhall, 111
- Count of the Saxon Shore, 17
- Cranmer, Martyrdom of, 65
- Cuper's Gardens, 252, 288
- Danes defeated, 35
- Danish Alliance against London, 32, 33
- — Invasion, Second, 36
- Debtors' Prisons, 272
- Denmark Hill, 311
- Deptford, 234-238, 306
- 'Dog and Duck,' 289-292
- Domesday Book compiled, 72
- Dover Road, 25
- Dry Ground beyond Kennington, 5
- Duels in Battersea Fields, 304
- Dulwich Fields, 309
- Earl Godwine's Invasion, 42
- Earliest Maps of South London, 47
- Edmund fights Cnut, 38
- Edward the Third's Entertainment at Eltham Palace, 96
- Effra River, 310
- Elizabeth, Queen, at Greenwich, 103, 105, 108
- Elizabeth Woodville, 62
- Eltham Palace, 69, 74, 75, 89-97
- Eltham Palace, Remains of, 94;
- Embankment, Early Repairs of, 12
- — First, of River, 11, 12
- Extent of South London, 2;
- Fabri, Felix, Pilgrimage of, 176
- Fairs of London, 179
- Falconbridge, Bastard of, 153
- Falcon Stream, 3
- Falstaff, Sir John, History of, 134-152
- Ferries across Marsh, 26
- Field, Nathan, 223
- Fisher, Bishop of Rochester, 110
- Fleet sent against the Danes, 32
- Ford of Thorney, 5
- Freemantle, History by, 1 [Transcriber's Note: The reference on page 1 is to Freeman not Freemantle.]
- Gildable Manor, 48
- Gokstad's ship, 33, 40, 41
- Goose Green, 311
- Great South Marsh, 2
- Green Dragon Inn, 262
- Greenwich Fair, 188
- — Hospital, 109
- — Palace, 97-109
- Hackney Marsh, 11
- — Marshes, 6
- Hanger, Colonel, Memoirs of, 275
- Harold Harefoot, 71
- Hengist and Æsc, 20
- Henry III. at Eltham, 90
- — VI.'s Coronation, 126-129
- Herne Hill, 311
- High Street, Borough, 10
- — — Southwark, 254
- Hope Theatre, Southwark, 221
- Horseferry Road, Origin of Name, 5
- Horselydown, 231
- — Fair, 229
- Hubert, Archbishop of Canterbury, 118
- Inns of Southwark, 16, 262, 263
- Insignia of Pilgrimage, 157
- Islands in the Marsh, 2
- Isle of Bramble, 9
- — — or Westminster, 4
- Juxon, Archbishop, 120
- Katharine of Aragon, Marriage of, 129
- Katharine of Valois, 56-60
- Kennington, Richard II.'s connection with, 81-88
- — Palace, 69, 73;
- Kings and Princes connected with Kennington, 81
- King's Bench Prison, 272, 274
- Lady Fair or Southwark Fair, 179-185
- Lambeth Palace, 109
- — — visited by Royalty, 114
- Langton, Stephen, 118
- Legend of Awdry, 15
- 'Le Loke,' 64
- 'Liberties' of South London, 48
- 'Liberty' Prisons, 49
- London and Southwark, Difference between, 22
- — as a Port, 10
- — attacked by Bastard of Falconbridge, 154-156
- — Original Site of, 23
- — Site of, from the Causeway, 7
- — Third Siege of, by Danes, 36, 37
- Long Barn, The, 70, 73, 75
- Lord Mayor's Pageants, 133
- Maitland's Discovery of Cnut's Canal, 38
- Manor of Lambeth, 117
- Marian Persecution, St. Mary Overies connected with, 199-204
- Marriages and Burials in St. Mary Overies, 64
- — at St. Mary Overies, 192, 193
- Marsh, Great South, 2
- — Islands in, 2
- Marshalsea, 279
- Memories of Greenwich, 98, 99
- Mint Street, Southwark, Sanctuary at, 242, 246
- Monastic Houses, 50
- Montagu Close, Southwark, 242
- Monuments in St. Mary Overies, 196-198
- Morden College, 239
- Paris Gardens, 215
- — — Baiting at, 212
- Parish Clerks, Company of, 210
- Parliament at Lambeth Palace, 113
- Pax Romana, 17, 43
- Payn, John, 147, 151
- Peckham Rye, 312
- Penge Common, 312
- Philanthropic Work, 324
- Pilgrimage a Mockery, 165, 166
- — Insignia of, 157
- Pilgrimages, Choice of, 159, 160
- Pilgrims starting from Southwark, 158
- Playhouses in Southwark, 220
- Pleasure Gardens, 282-288
- Poets of South London, 224, 225
- Population, Increase in, 316, 317
- Priory of St. Mary Overies, 192
- Prisons of the Liberties, 49
- Processions in Southwark, 124
- Punishments ordered by the Church, 68
- Puritan Effect on Theatres, 221, 222
- Ravensbourne, 2, 3
- Red Cross Gardens, 315
- — House Tavern, 304
- Remains of Eltham Palace, 94
- Richard II. at Kennington Palace, 81, 82
- River, First Embankment of, 11, 12
- — Wall removed, 28
- Roger of Wendover's Chronicle, 21
- Roman Connection with Causeway, 6
- — Method of Building Bridges, 28
- — Remains in South London, 14-16
- — — at St. Saviour's Grammar School, 15
- — Trajectus, 10
- Rotherhithe, 305
- Royal Houses, 69
- — Manor, Valuation of, 72, 73
- Royalty at Eltham Palace, 92
- Rum, 10
- Sanctuaries, Later, 241
- Sanctuary at Southwark, 243
- — at New Mint, 246
- Savoy Dock, 230
- Settlements in South London, Origin of, 17
- Show Folk of Bankside, 206
- Site of London from Causeway, 7
- — of Original London, 23
- Snorro, Thirlesen, 22
- Society in the Borough, 261
- South London, Extent of, 2
- — — deserted, 20, 21
- — — named Southwark by Saxons, 2
- — — in Ruins and deserted, 31
- — — Earliest Map of, 47
- — — of To-day, 301
- Southwark, Conditions of Existence, 12, 13
- — and London, Difference between, 22
- — Fair or Lady Fair, 179-185
- — Famous Inns, 16
- — without a Wall, 17
- Stage Coaches, Start of, 258, 259
- St. Mary Overies, 191
- — — — Dock, 10
- — — — Marriages at, 192, 193
- — — — reconstructed, 195, 196
- — — — connected with Marian Persecution, 199-204
- — — — in Recent Times, 205
- St. Peter-on-the-Wall Chapel, 4
- St. Saviour's Abbey, 51
- St. Thomas's Hospital, 64
- — — — Foundation of, 66
- — — — Roman Remains in, 15, 16
- 'Stonegate,' 6
- Stubbs, History by, 1
- Swegen and Olaf, Alliance of, 33-37
- Tabard Inn, 268
- Tabard Inn, Chaucer's Company of Pilgrims, 167
- Thames Fishermen, 14
- Theatre of Southwark Fair, 185
- Thorney, Trade of, 8
- — Island, Trade of, 4
- Tournament at Eltham, 94-96
- Trade of Thorney, 8
- — Route of South London, 4
- Traffic through Southwark, 256, 257
- Trench of Cnut, 38
- Walbrook, 8
- — Origin of Name, 3
- Walls repaired by Alfred, 31
- Walworth, the Name, 23
- Wandle, River, 2, 3
- Westminster, or Isle of Bramble, 4
- White Lyon Prison, 280
- William the Conqueror enters London by the Bridge, 43
- — III.'s Entry into London, 131, 132
- Willoughby, Sir John, 105
- Wyclyf's trial, 84
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