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South-West Africa

Chapter 45: INDEX
By William Eveleigh
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About This Book

A concise geographical and historical survey of a triangular territory on Africa's southwestern coast, outlining the coastal Namib desert, interior plateau and mountain systems, and eastward plains. It discusses climate, rainfall, native flora and fauna, and the pattern of human settlement and development from early exploration through later colonial administration. The volume describes mineral and agricultural resources, including diamond-bearing areas, and evaluates economic prospects and infrastructure possibilities. Chapters combine physical description, natural history, historical narrative, and practical commentary to present the region's resources and potential for future development.

INDEX

  • Aard vark, 75.
  • Aborigines Protection Society, 126.
  • Acacia, forests of, 65, 66, 68.
  • Adder, varieties of, 82-84.
  • Administrative divisions, 174.
  • Agricultural Advisory Board, 191.
  • Agriculture, 189-192; future of, 239.
  • Ana tree (Acacia albida), 57, 58;
  • beans of, 58, 66.
  • Andersson, C. J., explorer and author, 108.
  • Anglo-German Commission, 124.
  • Angola, 19.
  • Angra Pequena, correspondence concerning, 118, 119;
  • secured by Luderitz, 119;
  • German Protectorate formally proclaimed, 122, 123;
  • known as Luderitz Bay, 124, 149.
  • Ant-bear, see Aard vark.
  • Antelopes, 73-75.
  • Albrecht Bros., missionaries, 100.
  • Alexander, Captain, takes formal possession of Angra Pequena in 1796, 123.
  • Alexander, Sir James, explorer, 105-107.
  • Artesian wells, 240.
  • Bantu races, 161, 164.
  • Baobab trees, 65.
  • Benguella current, 39.
  • Berg Damaras, 106, 163-165.
  • Bethanien, springs at, 29,
  • Bibliography, 250, 251.
  • Bijwoners, 245.
  • Birds, 76-81.
  • Bismarck, appeals to Great Britain to annex Hereroland, 114;
  • declares Luderitz under Imperial protection, 121;
  • his policy, 124, 125, 136;
  • is urged to swamp South Africa with German settlers, 149.
  • Boer War, the, 150.
  • Boer trek to Damaraland, 128.
  • Boers as “Low Germans,” 151, 152.
  • Bondelswaarts, cede territory to Sinclair, 120;
  • rise against the Germans, 134.
  • Bonn, Professor, on Germany’s Colonial policy, 139, 140.
  • Brand, Peter, explorer, 97.
  • Braragul, old name of Orange River, 95.
  • Brewing, 193.
  • British South-West Africa, position of, 13;
  • boundaries, 14;
  • a “white man’s country,” 49;
  • a “potential Canada,” 226;
  • future of, 246-249.
  • British Government, see Great Britain.
  • Budget for 1915, the, 189.
  • Buffalo, 72.
  • Bushman grass, 68.
  • Bushmen, the, 157-159, 165.
  • Bustard, great and lesser, 76, 77.
  • Bryce, Lord, his “Impressions,” 225, 226.
  • Camelthorn tree, 57, 68.
  • Candelabra flower, 67.
  • Candle-bush, 65.
  • Cape Government acquires Walvis Bay, 115;
  • negotiations with a view to further annexations, 118-121;
  • in favour of annexation, 122.
  • Capital required by settler, 236.
  • Caprivizipfel, the, 13, 14;
  • a great game reserve, 72, 163, 165.
  • Cattle, 189, 234-237.
  • Census of 1913, 166.
  • Central Plateau, the, 19-21;
  • vegetation of, 65-68.
  • Cheetahs, 73.
  • Chest diseases, climate favourable to, 49.
  • Christian feelings, to be energetically repudiated by German officials, 164.
  • Climate, 37-49;
  • healthy nature of, 37;
  • seasonal, 38;
  • in the north, 41;
  • on the plateau, 41.
  • Coal, improbability of finding, 183, 232.
  • Coast, the, 15-19;
  • temperature of, 39.
  • Cobras, 81, 82.
  • Coetsee, Jacobus, crosses the Orange River, 91.
  • Colonial methods of England and of Germany, 138-140.
  • Colonial methods “peculiar to the German spirit,” 134-137.
  • Concessions system, 232.
  • Cook, Mr. and Mrs., missionaries, 103, 104;
  • Cook’s “Modern Missionary,” 104, 107.
  • Copper mines, 186, 229.
  • Coppery snake, 85.
  • Cormorants, protected, 79.
  • Cross Gazette, quoted, 142.
  • Crosses erected by Diaz, 90.
  • Cultivated land, 255.
  • Dam, at mouth of the Orange River, the, 25.
  • Damara antelope, 74.
  • Damara many-spotted snake, 84.
  • Damaraland, 13, 19, 20, 71, 76, 78;
  • ceded to Great Britain and refused, 126;
  • seized by Germany, 127;
  • Boers trek to, 128.
  • Damaras, first seen, 98, 116.
  • Damrocquas, 91, 99;
  • men, 97.
  • Dams, use of, 46, 183.
  • Dassie, the (rock-rabbit), 76.
  • Dawson’s “Evolution of Modern Germany,” 141.
  • Death-rate, the, 48.
  • Derby, Lord, 118-122.
  • Dernberg, Herr, 145, 220-227.
  • Desert, the coastal, see Namib.
  • Deutsches Kolonial Gesellschaft, 200, 207, 208.
  • Development of the country, 173-194.
  • Dew-ponds, 40.
  • Diaz, lands and erects crosses, 89, 90.
  • Diamond fields, 197-221;
  • great extent of, 201;
  • methods of working, 208-211;
  • cost of working, 213;
  • life of, 216, 217;
  • value of, 217.
  • Diamonds, exports of, 183, 186;
  • discovery by a native, 198, 199;
  • character of, 203;
  • theories of origin, 205;
  • tax on, 214;
  • Government monopoly of sale, 214, 215;
  • production of, 220, 221, 229.
  • Diamant Regie, 215.
  • Diseases, prevailing, 48.
  • Dogs, wild, 73.
  • Drinking water, condensed, 41, 212.
  • Droughts, 44, 240.
  • Dryness of climate, 47.
  • Duiker, 75.
  • Duminy, Chevalier, early explorer, 98.
  • Dunes, 15, 16;
  • formation of, 18;
  • vegetation, 60.
  • Eagles, 78.
  • Ebony trees, 97.
  • Economic future of the country, 225-249.
  • Egg-eating snake, 85.
  • Eland, 73.
  • Electric power at Luderitz Bay, 178.
  • Elephants, 71, 72.
  • Etosha, Lake, 28.
  • Euphorbiae in desert, 61, 68.
  • Exports, 184;
  • tables of, 252, 253.
  • Farming, see Agriculture.
  • Farms, size of, 189.
  • Fauna, 71-86.
  • Female population, white, 169.
  • Figs, wild, 57, 65.
  • Finances, 184.
  • Fish River, 27.
  • Flamingos, 78.
  • Flora, 53-68;
  • of the coast, 54-63;
  • of the plateau, 63-68.
  • Fogs, on coast, 40.
  • Fonteins or springs, 28, 29.
  • Force as a civilising method, results of, 144, 145.
  • Forced labour, 243.
  • Foreign Office, see Great Britain.
  • François, K. von, 133.
  • Frederick Joseph, chief, 119.
  • Frere, Sir Bartle, favours annexation, 115;
  • warns Boers against Germany, 150.
  • Frosts, 42.
  • Fruit, 184.
  • Galena, 230.
  • Galton, Francis, 105-108.
  • Game, early abundance of, 98, 99;
  • see Mammals, Birds.
  • Gannet, protected, 79.
  • Gemsbok, 74, 93.
  • Geographische Nachrichten, proposes German annexation, 117.
  • German South-West Africa, position of, 13;
  • Government of, 147, 148.
  • German occupation, the, 133-153;
  • native risings under and their suppression, 134, 135;
  • atrocities committed during, 140, 141;
  • cost of, 146;
  • effort to attract settlers during, 245, 246.
  • Germans, first missionary efforts, of, 107.
  • Germany begs Great Britain to annex the country, 114, 116, 117;
  • further negotiations, 120, 121;
  • takes formal possession, 122, 133;
  • casts eyes on Damaraland, 125.
  • Giraffe, 74, 74, 94.
  • Gnu, the, 74, 93.
  • Goats, 189, 190.
  • Gobabis, springs at, 29, 179.
  • Goering, Dr., 133.
  • Gold, early search for, 97, 98;
  • scanty, 188, 231.
  • Goose, Egyptian, the, 74, 93.
  • Gordon, Colonel, early explorer, 95.
  • Gravel plains, vegetation of, 64.
  • Great Britain, refuses to annex the country, 114-117;
  • but objects to the German annexation, 121;
  • refuses Damaraland, 126.
  • Grenzboten, Die, advises German penetration of all South Africa, 150-152.
  • Grootfontein, farming in, 189.
  • Grotefeld, Herr, on mineral wealth, 234.
  • Grouse, sand, 77.
  • Guano, 79.
  • Guano Islands, 115, 193.
  • Hailstones, 43.
  • Halifax Island, 218.
  • Harbours, natural, 18.
  • Hares, various species, 75.
  • Hawks, 78.
  • Hereros, their wars against the Hottentots, 113;
  • revolt against Germany, 134;
  • destruction of, 134-136;
  • their land taken, 136;
  • exploited by traders, 142, 143;
  • Schlettwein’s policy, 143, 144;
  • exodus into British territory, 145;
  • origin of the name, 161.
  • Hermann, Herr, on stock-raising, 234, 235.
  • Herons, 78.
  • Hills, vegetation of the, 60-64.
  • Hippopotamus, 72.
  • History, early, 89-109;
  • later, 113-129;
  • of the German occupation, 137-153.
  • Honey-guide, the, 79, 80.
  • Hoopoe, the, 79.
  • Hop, Hendrik, early explorer, 93, 93.
  • Hornbill, 79.
  • Horses, 190.
  • Hottentots, 113;
  • rebel against German rule, 134-136, 159-161, 165.
  • House-snakes, 85.
  • Hyena, the, 73.
  • Hyrax, the (rock-rabbit), 76.
  • Jackals, 73.
  • Johnston, Sir Harry, opposed to annexation by the Union, 247, 248.
  • Jordan, W. W., attempts to found a Republic, 128, 129.
  • Kaiser’s Telegram to Kruger, 150.
  • Kalahari Desert, the, 15, 21;
  • marshes of the, 27;
  • lions in, 72, 128;
  • artesian wells, 240.
  • Kalkfontein, 181.
  • Kamaherero, cedes Damaraland to Mr. Palgrave, 126.
  • Kaokoland, iron in, 231.
  • Kaokoveld, 72, 74.
  • Karibib, 167, 168.
  • Karakul fur industry, 237, 238.
  • Karas Mountains, 21, 94;
  • possibly gold in, 231, 232.
  • Keetmanshoop, 167, 168.
  • Khan copper mine, 230.
  • Kimberley, 39.
  • Klipspringer, the, 74.
  • Kokerboom tree (Aloe dichotoma), 54, 60.
  • Koodoo, the, 73, 93.
  • Koloniale Bergbaugesellschaft, 219, 220.
  • Kruger, President, telegram to, 150.
  • Kuisip River, 26, 27;
  • flora of, 57, 58;
  • silts of, 239.
  • Kuisip Valley, 239, 240.
  • Kunene River, 15, 19.
  • Labour, shortage of, due to massacres of natives, 242, 243.
  • Land Bank, 191-193.
  • Lattman, Herr, on strategic value of railway, 152.
  • Le Vaillant, explorer, 96, 97.
  • Lead, 187.
  • Leopards, 73.
  • Lewis, A. D., on the Orange River, 25, 241.
  • Lindequist, von, Governor, 136.
  • Lions, 71, 72, 104.
  • Live stock, 189-191, 234, 235.
  • Locusts, 86.
  • Locust-birds, 79.
  • London Missionary Society, 100, 102.
  • Lucerne, 189.
  • Luderitz, Herr, 119, 121, 124.
  • Luderitz Bay, 18, 19, 59, 124.
  • Luderitzbucht, temperature of, 47, 48;
  • description of, 177, 178;
  • railway from, 180, 181;
  • wireless station at, 182;
  • diamonds discovered near, 197.
  • Lynx, the red, 73.
  • Malaria, rarity of, 48.
  • Mammals, 71-76, 86.
  • Manufactures, no future for, 244.
  • Marble, 188.
  • Marloth, Dr., on the “Flora of South Africa,” 55, 58, 59.
  • Martin, E. A., on “Dewponds,” 40.
  • Mauch, Karl, 148.
  • Mealies, 189.
  • Meercats, 76.
  • Melons, 189.
  • Minerals, 184-189, 229;
  • exports of 255.
  • Mining royalties, 186.
  • Mist-ponds, 40.
  • Missionaries, 100.
  • Moffat, Dr., 21, 22, 30, 101;
  • converts Titus, 101, 102.
  • Mountains, 20, 31, 66.
  • Musgrave, Major, 116.
  • Namib, the, 15-19, 29;
  • rainfall, 44;
  • flora, 54-57.
  • Namaqua pheasant, the, 77.
  • Namaquas, the, 116.
  • Namaqualand, Great, 13, 21-23;
  • climate of, 42;
  • rainfall, 43;
  • vegetation, 67, 68.
  • Naras, the (Acanthosicyos horrida), 56;
  • fruit and seeds of, 56, 57.
  • Native races, 157-166.
  • “New Accounts of the Cape of Good Hope,” 93.
  • Officialism, rampant, 146, 147.
  • Okahandja, 31, 178.
  • Omataho, Mount, 20.
  • Omaruru, springs at, 29, 31;
  • temperature of, 39, 178.
  • Orange River, 13-15;
  • basin of, 22-26;
  • course of, 23;
  • fauna, 24;
  • bar at mouth, 25;
  • no economic value, 26;
  • temperature of valley, 42;
  • hippo in, 72;
  • first crossed, 91, 94;
  • irrigation possibilities of, 241.
  • Oryx, the, 74.
  • Ostrich, the, 76.
  • Otavi, copper mines, 186, 229.
  • Otavi Hills, 19.
  • Otavi Railway, 180.
  • Otjimbingue, 133.
  • Ottweiler, Dr., 44.
  • Ovambos, the, 161-163, 165.
  • Ovamboland, 13, 19, 32, 65, 78, 108;
  • never conquered, 145.
  • Owls, 78.
  • Palgrave, W. C., 114-116, 125.
  • Palms, 65, 66.
  • Partridges, 77.
  • Paterson, William, explorer, 94, 95.
  • Pedestal Point, 90.
  • Penguins, 78, 79.
  • “Peter Moor,” 135.
  • Peters, Dr. Karl, 227, 228.
  • Pettman’s “South African Place Names,” 95, 96.
  • Physical features, 14-33.
  • Pienaar, early explorer, 99.
  • Plateau, the, 19-21;
  • formation of, 21;
  • climate, 41.
  • Pomona, diamonds in, 206, 217;
  • Diamond Co., 220.
  • Population, see Native Races, White People;
  • possible European, 237, 246, 247;
  • distribution of, 254.
  • Porcupines, 76.
  • Possession Island, 217.
  • Post Offices, 182.
  • Potatoes, 189.
  • Pratincoles, 79.
  • Prussian civilising methods, 134, 138, 139.
  • Puff-adder, the, 82, 83.
  • Pump-line on coast, 212.
  • Pythons, 85.
  • Quagga, 72.
  • Quail, 78.
  • Railways, 179-181.
  • Rainfall, 42-49;
  • table of, 45.
  • Red-lipped snake, 84.
  • Reenen, Jacobus van, 95.
  • Reenen, William van, 97.
  • Rehoboth, temperature of, 39.
  • Religious creeds, 169.
  • Revenue, 184.
  • Rhenish Missionary Society, 107, 113, 129.
  • Rhinoceros, 71, 72.
  • Rinderpest, 190.
  • Rivers, 26-30.
  • Roan antelope, 73.
  • Robinson, Sir Hercules, 121.
  • Rock-rabbit (dassie), the, 76.
  • Rohrbach, Dr., 237;
  • on stock-raising prospects, 234, 235, 237.
  • Sable Antelope, the, 73.
  • Salt, 30.
  • Sand-snakes, 84.
  • Sandstorms, 16.
  • Scenery, 30-33.
  • Schaapsteker, the, 84.
  • Schlettwein, on civilising natives, 143, 144.
  • Schmelen, missionary, 101,
  • Schools, 182.
  • Scientific research, 194.
  • Scorpions, 86.
  • Sealing, 193.
  • Seals, 86.
  • Seashore, vegetation of, 59, 60.
  • Secretary birds, 78.
  • Sheep, 189.
  • Sinclair, Captain, 120.
  • Snakes, 81-83.
  • Snipe, 78.
  • Snow, 42.
  • South African Territories Co., 231.
  • South-West African Co., 187.
  • Somerset, Lord Charles, 102.
  • Spoonbill, 78.
  • Springbuck, 74.
  • Stapff, Dr., 15.
  • Starling, wattled, 79.
  • Stauch, Herr, 200.
  • Steenbuck, 74.
  • Stel, Van der, 94, 95.
  • Storks, 78.
  • Sun, not dangerous, 46.
  • Swakop Boy, 19.
  • Swakop River, 26, 27.
  • Swakopmund, temperature of, 39;
  • population, 167;
  • description, 176, 177;
  • railways from, 179-180;
  • wireless station at, 182.
  • Swifts, 179.
  • Telegraph service, 181, 182.
  • Telegraph, wireless, 182.
  • Telephone service, 181, 182.
  • Temperature, see Climate.
  • Theal’s “History,” 89.
  • Threlfall, murdered, 102, 103.
  • Thunderstorms, 43.
  • Ticks, 86.
  • Tilby, A. Wyatt, in the Nineteenth Century, 245.
  • Tin, 188.
  • Titus Africaner, conversion of, 101, 102.
  • Tobacco, 159.
  • Tortoises, 86.
  • Towns, 175.
  • Traders, German, 141, 142.
  • Treitschke, prophesies a German South Africa, 149.
  • Trotha, von, General, issues infamous proclamation, 134-136.
  • Tsama melon, 67.
  • Tsumeb, copper at, 186.
  • Tulbagh, Governor, 92.
  • Union of South Africa, rebellion in, work of Germany, 148, 149.
  • Upingtonia, rise and fall of, 129.
  • Uyntjes, edible root, 67.
  • Valleys, 20.
  • Vermin, 86.
  • Versfeld, Dr., 17, 207, 230.
  • Vleís, 16, 29.
  • Vogelsang, procures treaties, 119.
  • Vultures, 78.
  • Wagner, Dr., on diamond-fields, 205, 206, 220.
  • Walvis Bay, 15, 17, 18;
  • temperature of, 39;
  • rainfall, 41.
  • Warmbad, 29, 65, 93, 179.
  • Warm springs, 28, 29.
  • Water, where found, 29, 31, 32, 183, 255.
  • Waterberg, 31.
  • Waterbuck, 74.
  • Weaver-birds, 79, 80;
  • nest of social weaver, 80, 81.
  • Weber, Ernst von, suggests annexation, 117, 118.
  • Welwitsch, Dr., 56.
  • Welwitschia Bainesii, 54-56.
  • Wesleyans, 102, 103, 107.
  • Whales, 86.
  • Whaling-trade, 86, 91, 193.
  • Whip-snake, 84.
  • Whirlwinds, 43.
  • White inhabitants, 166-169.
  • Wild dogs, 73.
  • Wildebeest, 74.
  • Windhoek, 20, 26, 28, 32;
  • temperature, 39;
  • rainfall, 43;
  • health of, 47, 48;
  • first settlers at, 133;
  • population, 167;
  • description, 175;
  • wireless station at, 182.
  • Witbooi, Hottentot leader, 134.
  • Wolfram, 231.
  • Woodpeckers, 79.