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Study of Child Life

Chapter 78: Program for Supplemental Work
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About This Book

The work offers a practical, lesson-based guide to child development and home training, combining principles of health, discipline, and character formation with concrete suggestions about play, occupations, art, literature, studies, and financial and religious instruction. It discusses physical growth patterns, common faults and remedies, the influence of parents (including fathers), and questions of sex education, while stressing that general rules require individual adaptability and tact. Each chapter supplies applied guidance, answers to common problems, and a bibliography and study program for further learning.


Note
.—Books in the above list may be purchased through the American School of Home Economics at the prices given. Members of the School will receive students' discount.





Program for Supplemental Work

on the

STUDY OF CHILD LIFE

By Marion Foster Washburne.


MEETING I

Infancy. (Study pages 3-25)



(a) Its Meaning. See Fiske on "The Part Played by Infancy in the Evolution of Man" in "A Century of Science" (16c).

(b) General Laws of Progression. See Millicent Shinn's "Biography of a Baby" (12c), and W. Preyer's "The Mind of the Child" (20c). Give resumés of these two books.

(c) Practical Conclusions. Hold Experience Meeting to conclude afternoon.


MEETING II

Faults and Their Remedies. (Study pages 26-57)



(a) General Principles of Moral Training. Read Herbert Spencer on "Education" (12c), chapter on "Punishment"; also call for quotations from H.H. Jackson's "Bits of Talk About Home Matters" (10c).

(b) Corporal Punishment. Why It Is Wrong.

(c) Positive Versus Negative Moral Training. Read extracts from Froebel's "Education of Man" (12c), and Richter's "Levana" (12c), Kate Douglas Wiggin's "Children's Rights" (10c), and Elizabeth Harrison's "Study of Child Nature" (10c), are easier and pleasanter reading, sound, but less fundamental. Choice may be made between these two sets of books, according to conditions.

(Select answer to test questions on Part I and send them to the School.)


MEETING III

Character Building. (Study pages 59-75)



Read extracts from Froebel, Pestalozzi, and Harriet Martineau.

(a) From Froebel to show general principles (12c).

(b) From Pestalozzi (14c) or if that is not available, from "Mottoes and Commentaries on Froebel's Mother-Play" (14c), to show ideal application of these general principles.

(c) From Harriet Martineau's "Household Education" (10c), "Children's Rights" (10c), to show actual application of these general principles. Experience meeting.


MEETING IV

Educational Value of Play and Occupations. (Study pages 78-99)



(a) General Principles—Quote authorities from past to present. Read from "Education of Man" (12c) and "Mother Play" (14c).

(b) Representative and Symbolic Plays. See "Education of Man" (12c) and "Letters to a Mother on the Philosophy of Froebel" (12c). Dancing and Drama from Richter's "Levana" (12c).

(c) Nature's Playthings (Earth, Air, Fire, and Water). Ask members of class to describe plays of their own childhood and tell what they meant to them.

(Select answer to test questions on Part II.)


MEETING V

Art and Literature in Child Life. (Study pages 100-112)



Ask members to bring good pictures and story-books, thus making exhibit.

(a) Place of Pictures in Children's Lives. Of Color. Of Modeling. Influence of artistic surroundings. If anyone knows of a model nursery or schoolroom, let her describe it. Are drawing and modeling at school "fads" or living bases for educational processes? See Dewey on "The School and Society" (10c).

(b) Place of fiction in education. See "The Place of the Story in Early Education" (6c).

(c) Accomplishments. Practical discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of music lessons, the languages, and other work out of school. See "Adolescence," by G. Stanley Hall.


MEETING VI

Social and Religious Training. (Study pages 114-140 and Supplement)



(a) The Question of Associations. See Dewey's "The School and Society" (10c), "The Republic of Childhood" (30c). Quote "Up from Slavery" (14c) and "Story of My Life" (14c), to show that the humblest companions may sometimes be the most desirable.

(b) The New Education. See catalogues of the Francis W. Parker School, Chicago, Ill., (4c); The Elementary School, University of Chicago, (6c); State Normal School, Hyannis, Mass., (4c); "School Gardens," Bulletin No. 160, Office of Experiment Stations, Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C., (2c).

(c) The Sex Question. Where are the foundations of morality laid—church, school, home, or street? Read entire, "Duties of Parents to Children in Regard to Sex" (pamphlet, 5c).

(d) Religious Training. Read from "Christian Nurture" (12c) and "Psychology of Religion" (14c). (Select answer to test questions on Part III.)




For more extended program, book lists for mothers, children's book list, loan papers, send to the National Congress of Mothers, Mrs. E.C. Grice, Corresponding Secretary, 3308 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Price, 10 cents each. See also "The Child in Home, School, and State," with address by President Roosevelt.—Report of the N.C.M. for 1905. Price, 50c.

NOTE.—When reference books mentioned in the foregoing program are not available from public libraries, they may be borrowed of the A.S.H.E. for the cost of postage indicated in parentheses. Three books may be borrowed at one time by a class, one by an individual. For class work, a book may be kept for two weeks, or longer, if there is no other call for it. Send stamps with requests, which should be made several weeks in advance to avoid disappointment.





INDEX

Abnormal laziness, 47
Abstract studies, 119
Accomplishments and studies, 119
    showy, 123
Accounts, personal, 129
Adolescence, religious excitability, 136
Adult's world, 24
Advantage of positive commands, 61
Affections, cultivation of, 45
Aims of kindergarten, 45
Air as a plaything, 82
    castles, 163
Allowance, regular, 127
Alternate growth of children, 14
Anaemia, 47
Answer honest questions, 71
Answers to questions, 160
Application of principles, 141
Aristotle's teachings, 76
Art and literature in child life, 101
    and nature, 112
    classic, 102
    influence of, 101
    plastic, 104
Associates, children's, 113
    exclusive, 114
Baby-jumpers, 14
Bandaging the abdomen, 21
Beginnings of will, 7
Bible, children's, 139
Bible lessons made real, 139
    study, 138
Bonfires, 85
Books for children, 111, 170
Bottle-fed babies, 25
Breaking the will, 29
Busy work, 97

Care of pets, 45
Cause of impudence, 51
    of irritability and nervousness, 35
    of rupture, 21
    of temper, 35
Character building, rules in, 74
Children, other people's, 145
Children's associates, 113
    Bible, 139
    clubs, value of, 45
    hour, the, 118
Child's share in family republic, 65
    world, 24
Classic art, 102
Clay modeling, 80
Climbing, 13
Clothing, proper, 20
Color, 102
Colored pictures, 104
Commands, disagreeable, 37
    positive, 35
    useless, 11
Company ways, 161
Conclusion, 140
Condition at birth, 3
Consciousness of self, 6
Corporal punishment, 54, 166
Correlation of studies, 121
Correspondence training, 142
Costume model, 21
Creeping, 12
Cultivate affections, 45
Cutting and pasting, 99

Daily outing, 18
Dancing for children, 87
Danger of forcing, 12
Dangerous pastimes, 83
Darwin's observations, 9
Depravity, original, 61
Development of intellect, 126
    premature, 3
Diagram of Gertrude suit, 23
Diet, simple, 25
Disadvantages of Sunday Schools, 134
Disagreeable commands, 37
Discipline, educative, 57
Disobedience, 30
    real, 33
Double standard of morality, 53
Double standards, 158
Drama, 107
Dramatic games, 107
    plays, 87
Drawing and painting, 99
Dress for play, 79
Dress, proper, 20
Duties, systematized, 37
Duty to one's self, 164

Education, the new, 120
    scientific, 121
Educational beginnings, 5
    exercises, 5
    value of play, 77
Educative discipline, 57
Effect of Sunday school teaching, 132
Emergencies, 30
Enthusiasm, religious, 135
"Enthusiasms", 124
Essentials of play, 78
Evasive lying, 39
Evils, permanent, 28
    resulting from corporal punishment, 55
Example, bad, 52
    courteous, 54
    evil, 115
    versus precept, 34, 68
Exclusive associates, 114

Fairy tales, 109
Family republic, 64
Fathers, 152
    responsibilities of, 154
Fatigue harmful to children, 94
Faults and their remedies, 26
    real, 28
    temporary, 24
Fear versus love, 55
Feeding, indiscriminate, 25
Financial training, 126
Fire as a plaything, 84
First grasping, 8
Fiske's doctrine of right, 64
    teachings, 15
Food, natural, 24
    question, 162
    undesired, 11
Forcing, danger of, 12
Fresh air, 18
Froebel's great motto, 70
    philosophy, 59
Fundamental principles of the new education, 59

Games, dramatic, 107
Gardens for children, 81
Gertrude suit, 21
Goodness, original, 61
Goodness, negative, 32
Grasping, 9, 11
Growth of children, 14
    of will, 8
Helping, 93
    mother, 91
Home kindergarten, 90
How the child develops, 3
Imagination and sympathy, 110
Imitativeness, instinct of, 32
Imaginative lying, 39
Immature judgment, 30
Impudence, cause of, 51
Incomplete development at birth, 4
Indiscriminate feeding, 25
    punishment, 55
Industry, willing, 94
Influence of art, 101
Inherited crookedness, 41
    disposition, 38
Instinct, 9
    of imitativeness, 32
Instrumental music, 107
Intellect, development of, 126
Irritability, cause of, 35

Jealousy, 42
Justice and love in the family, 42
Kindergarten, aims of, 45
    as a remedy for selfishness, 44
    methods, 62
    methods in the home, 90
    social advantages of, 113
Knit garments, 22
Law-making habit, 70
Laziness, 46
Liberty, 33, 64
Limitations of words, 67
Literature, 108
    and art, 101
Looking, 9
Love of work, 93
    versus fear, 55
Low voice commands, 66
Lungs, weak, 21
Luther's teachings, 76
Lying, evasive, 39
    imaginative, 39
    kinds of, 38
    politic, 40
Magazines for children, 111
Magic lantern, 85
Massage, 5
Meaning of righteousness, 72
Model costume, 21
Modeling apron, 81
    clay, 80
Monotony undesirable, 95
Moral precocity, 73
    training, object of, 60
Mother and teacher, 165
Mother, teaching, 92
Mothers as teachers, 134
Mud pies, 80
Muscular development, 5
Music for children, 106
    instrumental, 107
     study of, 124
Mystery of sex, 72

Nagging, 96
Naps, 20
Natural food, 24
     punishment, 29
    talent, 124
Nature study, 112
Negative goodness, 32
Neighbors' opinions, 63
Nervousness, cause of, 35
New education, the, 120
    principles of, 59
Normal child, 12
Nursery requisites, 16

Object of moral training, 60
    of punishment, 40
Objection to pinning blanket, 21
Obligation of truthfulness, 38
Occupations, 90
Only child, the, 44
Opportunity for growth, 16
Order of development, 9
Other people's children, 145
Outing, daily, 18
Painting and drawing, 99
Parental indulgence, 154
    vanity, 125
Pasting and cutting, 99
Permanent evils, 28
Personal accounts, 129
Pets, care of, 45
Physical cause of laziness, 46
    culture, 123
    culture records, 25
Philosophy, Froebel's, 59
Pictures, colored, 104
Pinning blanket, objection to, 21
Plastic art, 104
Play, 76
    educational value of, 77
    essentials of, 78
    with the limbs, 5
Politeness to children, 69
Politic lie, the, 40
Positive commands, 35, 61
Precautions to prevent attacks of temper, 37
    with fire, 84
Precocity, 15
    moral, 73
Premature development, 3
Preyer's record, 11, 19
Principles, application of, 141
Prohibitions, useless, 34
Punishment, corporal, 54
    indiscriminate, 55
    natural, 29
    object of, 40
    self, 34
Questions, answers to, 160
Quick temper, 35
Real disobedience, 33
    faults, 28
Reflex grasping, 7
Regular allowance, 127
Religious enthusiasm, 135
    excitability of adolescence, 136
    training, 131
Remedy for fits of temper, 36
Responsibilities of fathers, 154
Restrictions of dress, 79
Rhythmic movements, 86
Richter's views, 28, 87
Right doing, 28
    made easy, 63
Righteousness, meaning of, 72
Right material for play, 79
Rights of others, 64
Rules in character building, 74
Rupture, cause of, 21

Sand piles, 80
Scientific education, 121
Self-distrustful child, 160
Selfishness, 43
Self-mastery, 29
    punishment, 34
Sewing, 98
Sex, 71
    mystery of, 72
    question, the, 149
Showy accomplishments, 123
Simple diet, 25
Sleep, sufficient, 19
Social advantages of kindergarten, 113
Soft spot in head, 4
Solitude remedy for temper, 36
Songs for children, 86
Spencer's view, 29
Spending foolishly, 128
    wisely, 127
Standard of morality, double, 53
Standing, 14
Stanley Hall's views, 137
Stealing, 168
Stockinet for undergarments, 22
Story telling, 93
Studies, abstract, 119
    and accomplishments,119
    correlation of, 121
Success in child training, 143
Sullenness, 38
Sunday school, disadvantage of, 134
    effect of, 132
    teachers, 131
Sunlight necessary for growth, 16
Sympathy and imagination, 110
    in play, 79
Symptoms of anaemia, 47
Systematized duties, 37

Talent, natural, 124
Teaching mother, 92
Telling stories, 93
Temperament, emotional, 42
Temperature of nursery, 18
Temper, cause of, 35
    precautions to prevent attacks of, 37
Temporary faults, 24
Theater, 108
Theory before practice, 161
Thermometer in nursery, 18
Throwing, 10
Tiedemann's teachings, 35
Touching forbidden things, 11
Toys, 83, 88, 89
Training, financial, 126
    for parents, 142
    religious, 131
Truthfulness, obligations of, 38

Unconscious influence, 157
Underclothing, 22
Undesired food, 11
Undisciplined will, 30
Unresponsiveness, 38
Unsought advice, 148
Untidiness, its remedy, 49
Useless commands, 11
    prohibitions, 34

Value of children's clubs, 45
Vanity, parental, 125
Variable periods of growth, 15
Ventilation, means of, 18
Walking, 14
Water as a plaything, 82
    colors, 99
Weak lungs, 21
Weight at birth, 4
Wholesome surroundings, 16
Will, beginnings of, 7
    breaking, the, 29
    growth of, 8
Willful child, 34
Willing industry, 94
Will, undisciplined, 30
Work, beautiful, 96
    love of, 93
Wrappings, extra, 21