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System of Economical Contradictions; Or, The Philosophy of Misery

By P.-J. Proudhon
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EconomicsPhilosophy & Ethics

About This Book

The work offers a systematic critique of modern political economy, arguing that economic life is shaped by recurring contradictions between legal right and factual conditions. It distinguishes use-value and exchange-value, defines wealth, and traces the development of capitalist relations through stages—division of labor, mechanization, competition, monopoly, and taxation—showing how each stage generates new social dislocations. The author examines the origins of capital and wages, the disruptive effects of machinery and market rivalry, and proposes associative or mutualistic remedies. It closes with a philosophical reflection on human responsibility, providence, and the moral foundations underlying economic organization.

About the Author

Proudhon, P.-J. portrait

P.-J. Proudhon

Pierre-Joseph Proudhon was a French politician and philosopher, best known for his pioneering ideas in political economy and social theory. He is often regarded as one of the founders of anarchism and is notable for his critical examination of property and capitalism. In his influential work "What is Property? An Inquiry into the Principle of Right and of Government," Proudhon famously declared that "property is theft," challenging conventional notions of ownership and advocating for a more equitable society. His writings, including "System of Economical Contradictions; Or, The Philosophy of Misery," explore the contradictions inherent in economic systems and continue to resonate in contemporary discussions of social justice and economic theory.

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