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The Churches and Modern Thought / An inquiry into the grounds of unbelief and an appeal for candour

Chapter 169: U
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About This Book

The author examines the causes and scope of contemporary unbelief, surveying declining church attendance, scientific challenges, and shifts in public opinion; critiques the state of Christian apologetics—especially defenses of miracles, the resurrection, and incarnation—and argues that higher biblical criticism and comparative religion raise serious difficulties for traditional claims. The book analyzes parallels between Christian narratives and ancient myths, questions the reconciliation of scriptural creation accounts with evolutionary theory, and urges candid, rigorous discussion to address scepticism. It combines historical, theological, and scientific arguments to propose more effective apologetic responses and to call for honesty in evaluating faith and doubt.

N

Naruse, Professor Jinzo, on the position of women, 279–80

Nature, cruelty of, 180–8, 235–40, 406

Newman, Cardinal, cited, 210, 245–7, 344–5, 383

Newman, Francis William, 246–7

Newton, 379

Nineteenth Century and After, The, cited, 31 note, 167–8, 178 note, 181, 290, 331, 338 note, 339, 344, 389

Nitobe, Professor Inazo, cited, 134;
in Japan by the Japanese, 328–9;
in Bushido, 330 note 1

Nordau, Max, cited, 315

O

Odin, 128

Okakura, Professor, cited, 344

Oldenberg, Professor H., cited, 306

Origin, Our animal, 197–208

Orr, Dr. James, cited, 176

Osiris, 129, 132, 295

Owen, Sir Richard, 393

P

Packard, Professor, cited, 393

Paine, Thomas, 178 note

Paley, cited, 42, 229–30

Pali inscriptions, 79

Parallels, in ancient religions, 121–42;
in primitive beliefs, 142–54;
in solar myths, 154–62;
in Essenism and Mithraism, 162–8

Parkhurst, Dr., cited, 133

Parsees, 13, 356

Patriarchs, unhistorical, 77–8

Pattison, Rev. Mark, cited, 3–4

Paul, St., witness of, 56–9;
genuineness of the Epistles of, 89–90;
teaching of, 284, 316

Pausanias, cited, 131–2

Peace, 276, 370–5.
(See also War.)

Pentecost, gifts at, 98

Persecution, 292, 294, 351, 368–9, 397, 398.
(See also Tolerance and Intolerance.)

Perseus, 127

Peru, The religion of ancient, 147

Peters, Dr., in his book The Early Hebrew Story, 78

Petrie, Flinders, cited, 281 note

Pfleiderer, cited, 139

Philo, 83–4, 112

Philosophy, Note on, 266–72

Picton, J. Allanson, cited, 340–1

Pitakas, The, 139

Pithecanthropus erectus, 393

Plato, 128

Plutarch, cited, 130

Pobiedonostseff, 289

Poor, Churches’ interest in the, 37–8, 367–8, 382

Prayer, 258–61, 298–14, 335–7, 400–1

Proctor, on hypnotism, 400

Progressive revelation, The theory of a, explained, 115–21;
remarks upon, 142–3, 150–1, 156–60, 166, 320, 348

Prometheus, 133, 134

Prophecy, destructive criticisms concerning, 73–4, 95–7

Psalms, The, a composite book, 81, 97

Psychical Research, Society for, cited, 61, 258 note, 315–6;
spiritualistic phenomena, 395–6;
phenomena of hypnotism, 400–1

Pusey, Dr., cited, 30, 35

Q

Quetzalcoatl, 128, 130, 133

R

Rainbow, 51–2

Rationalism, definition of, 339 note 2;
the outlook for, 365–75

Rationalist Press Association, 3, 28 note;
memorandum of, 339 note 2

Reade, Winwood, cited, 181–2, 297, 354

Red Sea, The crossing of the, 51, 78

Relics, Faked, 80, 403–4

Renan, his conclusions, 23

Resurrection, The, 56–65;
attacks upon, 72–3;
the Higher Critics on, 85–6, 113–4;
parallels 122, 124, 132, 134, 141, 147, 150, 155, 165, 390–1

Revelation, Book of, 90, 370

Revivalism, 263–4

Ripon, Bishop of, cited, 63, 332

Roberts, Evan, 60

Robertson, Dr. Alexander, cited, 245 note, 382, 404

Robertson, J. M., cited, 137–8, 144–7, 163–6

Robinson, Canon C. H., cited, 82, 112, 156

Robinson, Dr. J. Armitage, cited, 94, 97–9, 106, 108.
(See also Westminster, Dean of.)

Romanes, cited, 209

Romissi, Signor Carlo, cited, 408

Roosevelt, President, 180, 402

Rosetta stone, 79

Russia, 4;
“miracle” witnessed in, 67

Russian Church, conduct of the, 289, 405, 407

S

Salisbury, Bishop of, on religious indifference, 2

Sanday, Dr., cited, 48, 69–70

Scepticism, new outburst of, 25–9

Schiller, F. C. S., cited, 315–16

Schmiedel, Professor, cited, 85–7

Science, advance of, 4–5, 379;
not reconciled with Christianity, 17–25, 41–2, 157, 188–97, 222, 239

Science, “Christian,” 110 note, 258 note 1, 388–9, 400

Scottish Churches, 31

Senart, cited, 138–9, 140

Sermon on the Mount, 98–9

Seydel, cited, 139

Shebbeare, Rev. C. J., cited 93

Shinto, 313–4, 359 note, 390

Sinclair, Archdeacon W. M., cited, 109–10

Situation, The gravity of, Chap. I.

Slavery, 39–40, 404

Smith, Dr. A. H., in Chinese Characteristics, 307–11

Smith, Rev. George Adam, cited, 111

Smith, Rev. David, cited, 48, 67, 110

Smith, Mr. W., in his Dictionary, 53, 385

Smith, Professor W. R., cited, 143

Social problems, 367–8, 399–402

Socrates, 129

Spain, 4

Spencer, Prof. Baldwin, cited, 304

Spencer, Herbert, cited, 152–4, 286–7, 360;
ethical philosophy, 338

Spinoza, cited, 231

Stanbridge, cited, 153

Standard, The, cited, 211 note, 380, 396

Stanton, Mrs. Cady, cited, 282

Stead, Mr. W. T., 408

Stephen, Sir Leslie, 45, 356;
cited, 342–3, 359–60, 364–5

Storr, Rev. V. F., on Genesis, 349

Strange, T. Lumsden, cited, 64–5.
(See 384.)

Streatfield, Rev. G. S., cited, 177

Sudja, reported miracle at, 67

Summary, A, 317–23

Sumner, Archbishop, 200–1

Supernatural Religion, the work called, 55–6;
the author cited, 340, 363–4

Suyematsu, Baron, cited, 330–1

Swedenborg, Emanuel, 59–60

T

Tablet, The, cited, 3

Tacitus, The celebrated passage in, 103, 385–6;
cited, 132

Taoism, 134, 308

Taylor, Jeremy, 37 note

Temperance, legislation required, 399

Temple, Archbishop, cited, 175, 370–1

Ten Commandments, Tables containing the, 79–80

Tennyson, quoted, 378

Tertullian, cited, 389, 392

Tezcatlipoca, 145

Theism defined, 219–72

Theodosius, Emperor, 292, 294

Thompson, Sir Henry, in his essay The Unknown God, 376

Thorne, Guy, in When it was Dark, 287–9

Tolerance, Religious, 16, 24–5, 30, 35–6, 359, 380–1

Tolstoi, Leo, his renunciation of Christian dogmas, 23

Topinard, Dr. Paul, cited, 266–70

Torrey, Dr., 24, 178

“Tradition,” thoughts on, 105–7

Trench, Archbishop, 383

Trevelyan, G. M., cited, 353, 378

Tribune, The, cited, 399

Trine, Ralph Waldo, on character building, 259–60

Truth, The, “should it be told?” 346–65;
ultimate truth, 361, 377–8

Tsar, The, 375

Tylor, cited, 211 note

U

Urquhart, Rev. John, in his pamphlet Roger’s Reasons, 72, 178, 191.
(A reply to “Roger” appeared on pp. 208–9 of the first edition of this book.)

V

Valentinian, Emperor, 294

Vaughan, Father Bernard, cited, 235

Veda, Hymns of the, 141

Vegetation gods, 148–51

Vespasian, Emperor, 132

Virgin-birth, 19, 68–70, 72, 83–4, 99;
parallels, 121, 126–9, 133, 295, 387, 388

Vishnu Purana, cited, 387

Visions, 56, 58–62, 251–7

Voysey, Rev. Charles, cited, 4, 368

W

Wace, Dean, cited, 71–2, 166, 190–1, 210, 349–50.
(See also Canterbury, Dean of.)

Wade, Sir Thomas, cited, 307

Waggett, Rev. P. N., cited, 21–2, 226, 229–30, 249–50

Wallace, Dr. Alfred Russel, cited, 19 note, 183–4, 186–7, 342

War, Outlook regarding, 370–5, 405–8.
(See also Peace.)

Warschauer, Dr., cited, 30 note, 186, 277, 299, 311

Weismann, cited, 173, 261 note, 398

Wells, H. G., cited, 334, 337 note

Welsh, Rev. R. E., cited, 185–6, 381–2

Wesley, John, 61

Westcott, Bishop, cited, 33, 52–3, 290–1, 293, 295–6, 383

Westermarck, Dr., cited, 404–5

Westminster, Dean of, cited, 35, 63, 177–8.
(See also Robinson, Dr. J. A.)

Whitworth, The late Rev. W. A., cited, 290

Williams, Professor Monier, cited, 122, 123, 141

Wilson, Archdeacon, cited, 13, 66–7, 94, 367.
(See also Manchester, Archdeacon of.)

Winchester, Bishop of, cited, 72–5

Woman, Christianity the best friend of, 277–85;
the piety and pliability of, 293–4

Wordsworth, on the Author of Carnage, 407