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The City That Was

Chapter 12: Transcriber’s Notes
By Stephen Smith
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Environmental IssuesHealth & MedicineHistory - American

About This Book

A contemporaneous medical investigation describes mid-nineteenth-century urban filth, disease, and the sanitary reforms that followed, using house-to-house inspection data, eyewitness testimony, and legislative advocacy to trace how visible squalor produced high mortality; it recounts the resulting legal and political campaigns that established an empowered health board, outlines practical remedies such as sewers and inspection, explains emerging ideas about infection and bacteria, and argues that systematic sanitation, law, and infrastructure converted a dire municipal environment and inspired similar reforms elsewhere.

Transcriber’s Notes

Punctuation and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.

Simple typographical errors were corrected; occasional unbalanced quotation marks retained.

Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained; occurrences of inconsistent hyphenation have not been changed.

Index not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references.

In the original book, the first page of each chapter began with the same decorative headpiece, and the first letter of the text was decorative. None of those is indicated in the Plain Text version of this eBook.

Text frequently uses both “Citizens Association” and “Citizens’ Association”. Both forms are retained here.

Page 35: “interne” was printed that way.

Page 113: “reaks” was printed that way.

Page 144: “unwieldly” was printed that way.