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The commonwealth of cells

Chapter 26: INDEX
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About This Book

A collection of accessible essays explains human physiology for non-specialists, emphasizing the cellular basis of life and the concept of protoplasm as the material foundation of living tissues. It relates physiological knowledge to medical practice, arguing that understanding normal function is essential to diagnose and treat disease. Separate chapters examine the body’s chemistry, the mechanical and physical principles behind circulation and respiration, and the electrical and structural aspects of tissues. Another essay outlines nervous system organization and how neural mechanisms coordinate bodily functions. Throughout, the author stresses an integrated, multidisciplinary approach to present general principles rather than exhaustive technical detail.

INDEX

  • A.
  • Abdominal circulation, 54
  • Absorption, 25
  • Acid, hydrochloric, 23
  • Afferent system of nerves, 92
  • Alcohol, 95
  • Alimentary canal, length of, 19
  • movements of, 46
  • origin of, 17
  • structure of, 46
  • Amœba, 16
  • Amœboid movement, 31
  • Amount of food, 15, 96
  • Animalcula (unicellular micro-organisms), 5, 8, 16, 31, 102, 105
  • Aorta, 51
  • Arm, 57
  • Artery, 48
  • Association centres, 91
  • Athletes, 98
  • Atom, 2
  • Auditory mechanism, 74
  • Auricles, 49
  • B.
  • Bacteria, 23, 44
  • Beaumont, 25
  • Bile, 24, 62
  • Blind, experiments with the, 100
  • Blood, 26
  • circulation of the, 48
  • clotting after death, 104
  • corpuscles, 29, 45
  • course of the, 27, 55
  • pressure, 51, 66
  • Body, the, 9, 94
  • Boils, 45
  • Bone, 36, 56, 98
  • Brain, 63, 79, 102
  • Breathing, 25, 52, 82, 97
  • C.
  • Canals, semicircular, 77
  • Capillaries, 48
  • Carbohydrate, 14, 96
  • digestion of, 22
  • Carbon, 11, 13
  • Carbonic acid gas, 13, 25
  • Cartilage, 36
  • Cavity of the body, 43
  • Cell, 4
  • a chemical laboratory, 6
  • division of, 32, 105
  • exhaustion of, 102
  • movements of, 5, 31
  • nerve, 60, 87
  • spinal ganglion, 63
  • Centres, nervous, 63, 78, 88, 91
  • Centrosome, 31
  • Cerebellum, 84
  • Cerebral cortex, 86
  • hemispheres, 85
  • Chemical compounds, 2
  • needs of body, 11
  • Chemistry of the body, 8
  • Chords, vocal, 93
  • Cilia, 33
  • Circulation, 27, 97
  • course of, 28, 55
  • mechanism of, 48
  • Circulating fluids, 26
  • Clotting of blood, 104
  • Cochlea, 76
  • Cold, 83
  • Collagen, 24, 35, 96
  • Compounds, chemical, 2
  • Conductivity of protoplasm, 59
  • Connective tissue, 24, 35, 96
  • Conservation of energy, 92
  • Contraction of heart, 49
  • of muscle, 34
  • Cooking, 96
  • Cord, spinal, 63, 78
  • Corpuscles, red blood, 29
  • white blood (leucocytes), 45
  • Cortex, 86
  • Cough, 65, 67
  • D.
  • Death, 103
  • Diaphragm, 52, 97
  • Diet, 11, 95
  • Digestion, 11
  • by body, 22
  • by cell, 16
  • Doctor, ix
  • Drum of ear, 75
  • E.
  • Ear, 74
  • Education, 99
  • Efferent system of nerves, 92
  • Egg, white of, 13
  • Electric manifestations in tissues, 40
  • organs of fish, 42
  • stimulation of tissues, 37, 88
  • Embryo, development of, 17
  • Endolymph, 74
  • Enzyme, 15
  • Epilepsy, 89
  • Equilibrium, 66, 84
  • Exercise, 97
  • Eye, 73
  • education of, 100
  • protection of, 65
  • F.
  • Fainting, 66
  • Fat, 14, 24, 27
  • Fatigue, 40, 102
  • Ferments, 15
  • Fibres, connective tissue, 35
  • muscle, 34
  • nerve, 42, 60
  • Fibrils, muscle, 35
  • Fish, electric, 42
  • Food, 10, 95
  • amount of, 15, 96
  • vacuole, 16
  • Forehead, 91
  • Frog experiments on muscle, 37
  • reflexes, 68
  • G.
  • Ganglion, spinal, 62
  • Gastric juice, 23
  • Gelatin, 24, 35, 96
  • Gland cells, 21
  • Glands, origin of, 20
  • salivary, 22
  • sweat, 71
  • tear, 65
  • H.
  • Hæmoglobin, 29
  • Hair, 70
  • Harvey, 108
  • Head, 79
  • Hearing, 74
  • Heart, 48, 66
  • Heat, production of, 13
  • regulation of, 83
  • Histological methods, 110
  • Huxley, 7
  • Hydrochloric acid, 23
  • I.
  • Internal secretion, 29
  • Intestine, movements of, 47
  • Involuntary movements, 65
  • muscle, 34
  • Iron, 95
  • K.
  • Kidneys, 29, 95
  • L.
  • Labyrinths of ear, 74
  • Leucocytes, 42
  • Limbs, 56
  • Liver, 24
  • circulation through, 27, 54
  • Living matter, 1
  • Localization of function in the brain, 86, 88
  • Lungs, 52, 93
  • absorption by, 25
  • Lymph, 26
  • circulation of, 27, 48
  • M.
  • Marshall’s fibrils, 35
  • Meat in diet, 15, 95
  • Medicine, ix
  • Medulla (hind-brain), 82
  • Memory, 91
  • Micro-organisms, 5, 8, 16, 31, 102, 105
  • Microscope (histological methods), 110
  • Milk, 95
  • Mixture, 3
  • Molecule, 2
  • Mouth, 79
  • Muscle, 34
  • how studied, 37
  • of alimentary canal, 46, 95
  • Muscles, 97
  • of limbs, 56
  • stiffening at death of, 104
  • N.
  • Nerve cells, 60
  • centres, 63, 78
  • fibres, 42, 60
  • Nervous system, 58
  • Nitrogen, 12
  • Nucleus, 4, 21, 32, 106
  • O.
  • Olfactory lobe of brain, 85
  • sense organs, 72
  • Oxygen, 11, 13, 25, 82, 95
  • P.
  • Pain, 91
  • Pancreas, 24
  • Paramœcium, 16
  • Peptone, 24
  • Perilymph, 74
  • Peristaltic movements, 24, 63, 95
  • Physical culture, 98, 101
  • Physiological methods, 37, 88, 109
  • Physiology, ix, 107
  • Pleasure, 91
  • Pressure, blood, 50, 66
  • Proteids, 12, 23, 96
  • Protoplasm (living matter), 1
  • Pulmonary circulation, 53
  • R.
  • Reflex action, 62, 65
  • centres, 82
  • Removal of refuse, 27
  • Rennet, 21, 24
  • Respiration, 25, 52, 82
  • Ribs, 52
  • Rigor mortis, 104
  • Rutherford’s fibrils, 35
  • S.
  • St. Martin, 25
  • Saliva, 22
  • Salt, 11, 14, 29
  • Scavengers of body, 43
  • Sea-sickness, 78
  • Secretion, 21
  • internal, 29
  • reflex control of, 66
  • Semicircular canals, 77
  • Shivering, 83
  • Sight, 73, 100
  • Skin, 69
  • Sleep, 102
  • Smell, 72, 84
  • Sneeze, 65
  • Sound, 76
  • Speech, 93
  • Spinal cord, 63, 78
  • Spirits, 95
  • Spleen, 27, 54
  • Standing, 66, 84
  • Starch, 14, 96
  • Stomach, 23, 47
  • Sugar, 14, 96, 102
  • Sympathetic nervous system, 62
  • T.
  • Taste, 72, 84
  • Tear glands, 65
  • Temperature, 83
  • Tendon, 37
  • Tetanus, 39
  • Thorax, 52
  • Thought, 91
  • Thyroid gland, 29
  • Trachea, 52
  • Training, 98
  • U.
  • Unicellular animals, 5, 8, 16, 31, 102, 105
  • V.
  • Valves of heart, 48, 50
  • Varieties of protoplasm, 6
  • Vegetable food, 96
  • Veins, 48
  • Ventricles, 49
  • Veratria, 40
  • Vision, 73
  • Voluntary movement, 56
  • muscle, 34, 56
  • W.
  • Walking, 66, 84
  • Warmth, 83
  • Water, 95

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