CLASS II.
CIRRHIPEDA.
Animal. Soft, without head or eyes, testaceous, body fixed as if reversed, inarticulated, furnished with a mantle, having above tentacular arms, with curled tufts multiarticulated, mouth beneath, not projecting, dentated transverse jaws disposed in pairs. Number of arms, unequal and varying, disposed in rows, each composed of two rows of curled tufts of bristles; fringed; a corneous skin supported by a pedicle. Medulla longitudinal and knotted; gills external, sometimes concealed; circulation by heart and vessels. One Family.
FAMILY.
Cirrhipeda. Ten Genera.
1. Genus Tubicinella.
Animal. Body inclosed in a shell, with small setaceous and unequal cirri.
Shell. Univalve, operculated, tubular, erect, a little attenuated towards the base, bound with annular transverse ribs, truncated at both ends, open at the summit, and closed at the base with a membrane. Operculum with four obtuse valves. South American seas. One species.
- Tubicinella balænarum.
2. Genus Coronula. Pl. V.
Animal. Body seated, enveloped in a shell with small setaceous and cirrous arms.
Shell. Sessile, apparently indivisible, suborbicular, conoidal or blunt, conical, the extremities truncated, the sides very thick, the inside hollowed into radiating cells. Operculum composed of four obtuse valves. Inhabits the North seas. Five species.
- Coronula diadema.
- C. testudinaria.
- C. balænaris.
- C. pulchra.
- C. denticulata.*
3. Genus Balanus. Pl. V.
Animal. Body sessile, inclosed in an operculated shell; branchiæ numerous, placed in two rows, unequal, articulated, ciliated; each composed of two cirri, supported by a peduncle, and exsertile; mouth with four transverse dentated jaws, with four hairy palpi-like appendages.
Shell. Formed of six distinct coronary valves, one dorsal, one ventral, and two pairs of laterals, with a calcareous support; operculum forming a sort of pyramid, by four articulated pieces in the aperture of the shell. Is found in almost all seas. Thirty species.
- Balanus angulosus.
- B. nigrescens.
- B. roseus.
- B. amphimorphus.
- B. crispatus.
- B. stalaciferus.
- B. patellaris.
- B. calycularis.
- B. subimbricatus.
- B. palmatus.
- B. dupluconus.
- B. semiplicatus.
- B. lævis.
- B. punctatus.
- B. perforatus.
- B. rugosus.
- B. latus.
- B. plicatus.
- B. galeatus.
- B. spinosus.
- B. placianus.
- B. sulcatus.
- B. cylindraceus.
- B. ovularis.
- B. radiatus.
- B. fistulosus.
- B. Lyonsii.
- · · · · ·
- B. tintinabulus.*
- B. miser.*
- B. geniculatus.*
4. Genus Acasta. Pl. V.
Animal. Body without a peduncle, and inclosed in a multivalve shell, found in sponge or marine bodies, mouth and tentacula placed in the apex, or upper part of the body.
Shell. Patella-shaped, sub-conically oval, formed of six lateral unequal valves forming the base, which being convex prevents the shell from standing by itself in an erect position, when detached from the substance which envelopes it. Inhabits the British seas. Four species.
- Acasta Montaguii.
- A. sulcata.
- A. glans.
- A. tubulosa.
5. Genus Creusia. Pl. V.
Animal. Body, subglobular, inclosed in an operculated shell; having three or four pairs of tentacular arms: mouth at the anterior part of the body.
Shell. Sessile, fixed, orbicular, conical, consisting of four united unequal valves; attached to madrepore and other marine substances, they are almost microscopic, and found only in the seas of hot countries. Inhabits the China seas. Three species.
- Creusia stromia.
- C. spinulosa.
- C. verruca.
6. Genus Pyrgoma. Pl. V.
Animal. As above.
Shell. Sessile, univalve, rather globular, ventricose, convex above; apex perforated; aperture small, elliptical, operculum quadrivalve. Inhabits the Indian seas. One species.
- Pyrgoma cancellata.
7. Genus Anatifera. Pl. V.
Animal. Body covered with a shell, supported by a long tubular tendinous peduncle; with long, numerous, and unequal tentacular arms, which are articulated and ciliated, and emanating from the summit on one side.
Shell. Compressed on the sides, with five flat valves, the valves contiguous and unequal; the lower lateral ones the largest: the whole of them united and kept together by means of their membranes. Inhabits the British seas. Six species.
- Anatifera lævis.
- A. villosa.
- A. vitrea.
- A. dentata.
- A. striata.
- A. aculeata.
8. Genus Pollicipes. Pl. V.
Animal. Body covered by a shell, and supported on a tabular, tendinous, scaly peduncle; with many tentacular arms.
Shell. Consisting of thirteen or more valves, the smallest at the sides, which are very flat and compressed, the peduncle short, wrinkled, rigid, and often covered with scales like shagreen. Inhabits the European and American seas. Six species.
- Pollicipes cornucopia.
- P. scalpellum.
- P. homii.
- P. mitella.
- P. peronii.
- · · · · ·
- P. Mortoni.*
9. Genus Cineras. Pl. V.
Animal. Body pedunculated, and encased in a membranous tunic, which is swollen above, with an opening below the summit, from which protrude many ciliated articulated arms.
Shell. Composed of five testaceous oblong valves, two at the sides of the aperture and three on the back, not covering the whole of the body; supported by a peduncle of a greenish colour with several longitudinal stripes. Inhabits the British coast. One species.
- Cineras vittata.
10. Genus Otion. Pl. V.
Animal. Body pedunculated, enveloped in a membranous tunic, which is ventricose above; two horn-like tubes, directed backwards, truncated, and open at their points, and situated in the apex of the tunic; having a lateral opening, with many articulated and ciliated arms.
Shell. Composed of two testaceous valves, attached near the lateral opening, the centre aperture admitting the animal’s tentaculæ, the singular form of which prevents its being blended with the genus cineras without a further examination of its structure. Inhabits the North seas. Two species.
- Otion Cuvieri.
- O. Blainvillii.