Insects, butterflies, beetles, bees, grasshoppers, spiders, scorpions, 49;
66;
eggs of common house-fly, 67; 82;
nervous mechanism of, 205;
communities of, 207, 258-260, 267;
nervous system of, 256, 257.
Instinct, determined by heredity, 206; of higher animals, 208; differs from intelligence in degree, 210.
Intelligence, 203; in mental life of communal insects, 207.
Invertebrates, lower animals devoid of backbone, 47; structural plan, 48; branches of, 49; groups, two layer animals, 50; hydra, sea-anemones, soft-polyps, 50; more complicated, 68; palæontological materials, 82; evolution of lowest members, 92.
Jaguar, 101.
Jastrow, 294.
Java, 173.
Jellyfish, 81.
Jordan, David Starr, 123.
Kangaroo, 42.
Keane, 185.
Lamarck, 115, 133, 135.
Lampreys, 156.
Language, most important single possession of mankind, 218.
Laplace, 29.
Larvæ, of lobster, 66; of insects, 67; of ground wasp, 207; of caterpillar, 259; of wasps, 260.
Lavoisier, 29.
Law of Recapitulation, 66; stated by Von Baer and Haeckel, 71.
Lemurs, 158, 160, 161, 195.
Life, what is it? 27.
Limestone, 89, 90.
Links, 99.
Linnæus, 79, 158, 183.
Lions, 101; environment of, 112.
Lizard, nearest form to remote ancestor, 45.
Lobsters, 66; larvæ of, 66.
Lyell, 80, 107, 135, 136.
MacDougal, 148.
Madagascar, 161.
Mallock, 295.
Malthus, 136.
Mammalia,
lower orders of, 42;
their own mode of growing up, 64;
embryos of, 64; 97;
members of class differ, 157, 158; 200;
order of mentality, 203.
Mammals, 40, 43, 157;
embryo of, 171.
Mammoth, 97.
Marmosets, 161.
Marquesas, 103.
Marsupials, 104.
Mastodon, 97.
Mechanism, organic, 14; living, 110.
Melanesia, 103.
Mendel, Gregor, 145; his law, 146; 147, 148.
Mentality, human, 233.
Metazoa, 254.
Mice, 41, 134; field, 139.
Miller, 293.
Mind,
anatomy of, 202;
human, differs only in degree, 203; 210, 211;
embryology of, 214;
palæontology of, 217;
and matter inseparable, 234-237.
Missing links, 77.
Moeritherium, a significant fossil, 97.
Molecule, protein, 22, 23, 24.
Mollusks, 81, 82; connecting widely separated ages, 95.
Monkeys, 158.
Morgan, Lloyd, 148.
Morphology, 32.
Moths, 67.
Müller, 293.
Mutation theory, 146.
Naegeli, 143, 148.
Natural Selection, doctrine of, 116, 117, 118; the struggle for existence, 124, 125; simply trial and error, 131; Darwin recognized it as incomplete, 142; germ-plasm theory supplements, 145.
Nebula, gaseous, 84.
Nervous systems, 201, 202, 205, 206, 211; of worker-bee, 232.
Niagara, 85, 86, 89.
Ontogeny, recapitulates phylogeny, 63.
Orang-outang, 163, 164.
Orders, 32.
Organic, 15;
systems, 17;
transformation, analogies of, 43,
a real and natural process, 55, 56, 76;
mechanism, alteration of, 55.
Organisms,
living, 14;
analysis of, 16; 17, 18, 19, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32;
characteristic early stages, 55;
are they adapted by circumstances? 109;
environment, 111;
physical heritage of, 113;
variation of, 119;
difference, 121;
universal conflict of, 127;
change, 130;
human, 32, 156, 159, 165-171;
nervous system of, 201;
psychical characteristics of, 202;
many-celled, 257.
Organs, 16, 17, 28;
of human body, 156.
Origin of Species, 136, 149.
Origination of new parts, 109.
Osborn, 148.
Ostrich, 44.
Over production, 122-124, 129.
Owls, horned, of Arizona, 45; 139.
Palæontology, 32, 34, 73, 74, 76; evidence of, not complete, 80, 81; table of facts of, 91; 94; second division of evidence, 95; does it throw light on antiquity of man? 155; of mind, 202, 203, 217.
Paludina, 95.
Partulæ, 103.
Pearson, Karl, 6, 7, 142, 147; heredity of mental qualities, 232.
Penguin, a counterpart of the seal, 44.
Peoples,
fusion of, 178, 179;
Mexicans, 178, 181;
Anglo-Saxon, 179;
American, 179;
Indians, 181, 183, 185, 191, 192;
Patagonian, 180, 192;
Polynesian, 181, 182, 187;
Moor, 181;
Zulu, 181, 183;
Malay, 181, 183, 190;
Mongolian, 181, 186-190;
Papuan, 182;
Negro, African, Ethiopian, 182, 183, 192-195;
Caucasian, 182, 185-189, 195;
Veddahs, 182, 188;
European, 183;
Asiatic, 183;
Laplander, 183, 190;
Scandinavian types,
Norwegians, Swedes, Danes, Germans—north and south—186, 187;
types of, 186-196;
Persians, 186,
eastern, 187;
Afghans, Hindus, 186;
Welsh, French, Swiss, 187;
Russians, 187-190;
Poles, Armenians, 187;
Mediterranean type,
Spaniard, Italian, Greek, Arab, 187;
subordinate group,
Semitic, Arab, Hebrew, 187;
North African, Berber, Hamites, 187;
relatives of the Mediterranean,
Dravidas, Todas, Veddahs, Ainus, 188;
Manchurian, Chukchi, Buryats, Yukaghir, 189;
Finlander, Bulgar, Magyar, Korean, Japanese, Gurkhas, Burmans, Annams,
Cochin Chinese, Tagals, Bisayans, Hovars, 190;
Pueblos, Eskimos, Aztecs, Mayas, Caribs, 191;
Yahgan, Alacaluf, 191;
Papuan, Australian, 193;
Negrito section,
Adamans, Kalangs, Sakais Ætas, Bushmen, Hottentots, Akkas, 194.
Periods,
Triassic, Jurassic, 94;
Eocene, Miocene, 96.
Phenacodus, 96.
Phyla, 32.
Phylogeny, 63.
Pictography, 223-226; of Eskimos, of American Indians, 223, 224; of Asia, 224; of Egypt, 224, 225.
Pig, 42, 157.
Pithecanthropus, 174.
Plesiosaurus, 94.
Polynesia, 103, 104.
Pouched animals, kangaroo, opossums, 42.
Primates, name given by Linnæus, 158; eutheria, 158, 159; order of, 160; anthropoids, 161; arrangement of organs, 201.
Processes, psychological, of higher animals, 208, 209.
Prosimii, 160.
Proteins, 22, 23, 24.
Protoplasm, 22-30; the physical basis of life, 143; 144; human, 156; chemicals that make up, 156.
Protozoa, 52, 53, 68, 70; relations of, 126.
Protozoön, 251.
Psychology, comparative, 198; principle of, 199; descriptive, genetic, 202; terms of, 203; human, 210, 211.
Pseudopodia, 52.
Puma, 101.
Pupa, 259.
Pygmy, 195, 196, 227.
Rabbits, 41, 101;
domesticated, 137;
introduced into Australia, 140.
Races, human,
age of, 178;
divisions of, 183-195;
character of:
status, variations of, 180, 181;
color, a criterion of racial relationship, 181, 184;
hair, character of, as means of classification, 181, 182;
cranium, shape of, as means of identification, nose, jaws, 182.
Racoon, 38.
Rats, 41, 134.
Reason, 203;
in mental life of communal insects, 207.
Religions, 288;
Christian, Hebrew, Buddhistic, Tangaroan, 289, 290;
Mohammedan, 290, 298;
Dervish, Mahdist, 293;
linguistic basis of, 293, 294;
of savagery, 294, 300, 301;
barbarism, civilization, 294;
elements of, 295;
forms of Christianity, 296;
sects,
Judaism, 297, 298;
Brahmanism, Buddhism, 298, 299;
Polytheism, Roman, 300.
Reptiles, variations about a central theme, 45; lizard, typical, 46; 157; embryos of, 171; 200.
Retention of better invention, 109.
Rhinoceros, 41.
Rivers,
Mississippi, 86, 89;
Hoang-ho, Ganges, Thames, 87;
alterations made by, 87.
Rocks, crystalline or plutonic: sedimentary, 85; eruptive, 88; new, 59; of Grand Cañon, 90; testimony of, establishes evolution, 100.
Salamanders, 45, 46.
Salts, of sodium, chlorine, magnesium, potassium, 24.
Samoan Islands, 103.
Sandstone, 90.
Science, what is it? 5, 6; physiological, 14.
Sea anemones, 68.
Sea elephant, 38.
Seals, 38, 39, 40, 209.
Selection,
natural, doctrine of, 116, 117, 118;
struggle for existence, 124, 125;
simply trial and error, 131, 136,
artificial, 136, 137, 138;
laws of, in mental phenomena, 203.
Sequence, physiological, in training animals, 209; 210.
Series,
sedimentary, 84, 90, 92;
crystalline or plutonic, 85;
Azoic or Archæan, age of, 92.
Shale, 89.
Shark,
common, most fundamental form, 46;
embryo of, hammerhead;
embryos of, 66.
Sheep, 157.
Simiidæ, 160, 163.
Skate, embryos of, 66.
Snails, 45; shells of, 95; land snails, 103; Hawaiian and Polynesian, 104.
Society Islands, 103.
Solar system, origin of, 84.
Solomon Islands, 103.
Species, origin of human, 153.
Spencer, Herbert, 8.
Squirrels,
evolved from terrestrial rodents, 14; 41;
flying, true rodents, 41.
Starch, 24.
Stephenson, 10.
Strata, 88, 89;
arranged according to ages, 89; 90;
time of formation, 92.
Struggle for existence, 124;
intra-specific, 125;
three divisions of, 126-129; 139, 174, 175.
Substances, inorganic, 29.
Sugar, 23, 24.
Survival of the fittest, 129.
Systems,
respiratory, excretory, circulatory, 17;
organic, reproductive, 18;
nervous, 256, 257;
blood-vascular, respiratory and excretory, 257;
ethical, 286;
religious, 288.
Tadpole, 58, 59, 60;
larvæ, 64.
Tapeworm, a relative of simple worms, 50; 123.
Tapir, 41;
Moeritherium, 97.
Thorndike, 209;
heredity of mental qualities, 232.
Tidal waves, 85.
Tigers, 101.
Tirawa, 301.
Tissue-cells, 28.
Torga, 183.
Tortoise, soft shelled, of the Mississippi, 45.
Tower, 148.
Transformation, natural, 170.
Tribes, 32.
Tuberculosis, bacillus of, 127.
Turtles, evolution of, 45.
Ungulates, 65.
Uniformitarianism, Lyell's doctrine, 80.
Urea, 29.
Ussher, Archbishop, 178.
Variation, 110; causes of, 111; among individuals, 112, 113; fact of difference, phenomenon of, 114; 115, 118, 119, 121, 129; congenital, 138; human, 174; racial, 177; laws of, in mental phenomena, 203; 232.
Vertebrata, 43.
Vertebrates,
backboned animals, fishes the lowest order of, 46;
principles of relationship, families, tribes, 47; 53-59;
great classes originate together, 64;
more complicated, 68;
skeleton remains of, succeed invertebrates, 92;
testimony of the rocks, 93;
largest, 94;
appearance of great classes of, 94; 95;
classes that make up, 156;
lower, arrangement of organs, 201;
nervous system of, 256, 257.
Volcanoes, 88.
Volvox, 252, 254, 259, 265.
Von Baer, law of recapitulation, 71.
Vorticella, 251, 252, 265.
Wagner, 100.
Wallace, Alfred Russel, 117, 100.
Walruses, 38.
Wasps, ground, 207; organizations, of digger, 260; 261.
Weismann, 71, 72; proved nuclei of egg contains, essential factors, 71, 145, 148.
Weisner, 143.
Whales, 40.
Wilson, 146.
Woehler, 29.
Wolf, Tasmanian, a true marsupial, 42.
Wolff, 70.
Wolves, 140.
Wombat, 42.
Wood-frog, 71.
Woods, heredity of mental qualities, 232.
Worms,
blindworm of England, 45; 48, 50, 53, 81;
nervous mechanism of, 205, 206;
nervous system of, 256, 257.
Zebras, 96, 97, 112.
Zoölogy, 34, 75, 78; geographical distribution, 100.
"Zoönomia," 135.
~COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY PRESS~
Columbia University in the City of New York
[Illustration]
The Press was incorporated June 8, 1893, to promote the publication of the results of original research. It is a private corporation, related directly to Columbia University by the provisions that its Trustees shall be officers of the University and that the President of Columbia University shall be President of the Press.
* * * * *
The publications of the Columbia University Press include works on
Biography, History, Economics, Education, Philosophy, Linguistics, and
Literature, and the following series:
~Columbia University Contributions to Anthropology.~
~Columbia University Biological Series.~
~Columbia University Studies in Cancer and Allied Subjects.~
~Columbia University Studies in Classical Philology.~
~Columbia University Studies in Comparative Literature.~
~Columbia University Studies in English.~
~Columbia University Geological Series.~
~Columbia University Germanic Studies.~
~Columbia University Indo-Iranian Series.~
~Columbia University Contributions to Oriental History and Philology.~
~Columbia University Oriental Studies.~
~Columbia University Studies in Romance Philology and Literature.~
~Records of Civilization: Sources and Studies.~
~Adams Lectures.~
~Julius Beer Lectures.~
~Blumenthal Lectures.~
~Carpentier Lectures.~
~Hewitt Lectures.~
~Jesup Lectures.~
Catalogues will be sent free on application.
* * * * *
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LECTURES
* * * * *
~ADAMS LECTURES~
~GRAPHICAL METHODS.~ By CARL RUNGE, Ph.D., Professor of Applied
Mathematics in the University of Göttingen; Kaiser Wilhelm Professor of
German History and Institutions for the year 1909-1910. 8vo, cloth, pp. ix
+ 148. Price, $1.50 net.
~JULIUS BEER LECTURES~
~SOCIAL EVOLUTION AND POLITICAL THEORY.~ By LEONARD T. HOBHOUSE, Professor of Sociology in the University of London. 12mo, cloth, pp. ix + 218. Price, $1.50 net.
~BLUMENTHAL LECTURES~
~POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF AMERICAN DEVELOPMENT.~ By ALBERT SHAW, LL.D., Editor of the Review of Reviews. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 268. Price, $1.50 net.
~CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT IN THE UNITED STATES.~ By WOODROW WILSON, LL.D., sometime President of Princeton University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 236. Price, $1.50 net.
~THE PRINCIPLES OF POLITICS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF THE AMERICAN CITIZEN.~
By JEREMIAH W. JENKS, LL.D., Professor of Government and Public
Administration in New York University. 12mo, cloth, pp. xviii + 187.
Price, $1.50 net.
~THE COST OF OUR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT.~ By HENRY JONES FORD, Professor of Politics in Princeton University. 12mo, cloth, pp. xv + 147. Price, $ 1.50 net.
~THE BUSINESS OF CONGRESS.~ By HON. SAMUEL W. MCCALL, Member of Congress for Massachusetts. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 215. Price, $1.50 net.
~THOMAS JEFFERSON: HIS PERMANENT INFLUENCE ON AMERICAN INSTITUTIONS.~ By HON. JOHN SHARP WILLIAMS, United States Senator from Mississippi. 12mo, cloth, pp. ix + 330. Price, $1.50 net.
~CARPENTIER LECTURES~
~THE NATURE AND SOURCES OF THE LAW.~ By JOHN CHIPMAN GRAY, LL.D., Royall Professor of Law in Harvard University. 12mo, cloth, pp. xii + 332. Price, $1.50 net.
~WORLD ORGANIZATION AS AFFECTED BY THE NATURE OF THE MODERN STATE.~ By HON. DAVID JAYNE HILL, sometime American Ambassador to Germany. 12mo, cloth, pp. ix + 214. Price, $1.50 net.
~THE GENIUS OF THE COMMON LAW.~ By the RT. HON. SIR FREDERICK POLLOCK, Bart., D.C.L., LL.D., Bencher of Lincoln's Inn. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 141. Price, $1.50 net.
~THE MECHANICS OF LAW MAKING.~ By COURTENAY ILBERT, G.C.B., Clerk of the
House of Commons. 12mo, cloth, pp. viii + 209. Price, $1.50 net.
~HEWITT LECTURES~
~THE PROBLEM OF MONOPOLY.~ By JOHN BATES CLARK, LL.D., Professor of Political Economy, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vi + 128. Price, $1.50 net.
~POWER.~ By CHARLES EDWARD LUCKE, Ph.D., Professor of Mechanical
Engineering, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 316. Illustrated.
Price, $2.00 net.
~THE DOCTRINE OF EVOLUTION.~ Its Basis and its Scope. By HENRY EDWARD CRAMPTON, Ph.D., Professor of Zoology, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. ix + 311. Price, $1.50 net.
~MEDIEVAL STORY AND THE BEGINNINGS OF THE SOCIAL IDEALS OF
ENGLISH-SPEAKING PEOPLE.~ By WILLIAM WITHERLE LAWRENCE, Ph.D., Associate
Professor of English, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. xiv + 236.
Price, $1.50 net.
~LAW AND ITS ADMINISTRATION.~ By HARLAN F. STONE, LL.D., Dean of the School of Law, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 232. Price, $1.50 net.
~JESUP LECTURES~
~LIGHT.~ By RICHARD C. MACLAURIN, LL.D., Sc.D., President of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 12mo, cloth, pp. ix + 251. Portrait and figures. Price, $1.50 net.
~SCIENTIFIC FEATURES OF MODERN MEDICINE.~ By FREDERIC S. LEE, Ph.D., Dalton Professor of Physiology, Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 183. Price, $1.50 net.
~HEREDITY AND SEX.~ By THOMAS HUNT MORGAN, Ph.D., Professor of
Experimental Zoölogy in Columbia University. 12mo, cloth, pp. vii + 284.
Illustrated. Price, $1.75 net.
~COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY LECTURES~
~FOUR STAGES OF GREEK RELIGION.~ By GILBERT MURRAY, Regius Professor of Greek, in the University of Oxford. 8vo, cloth, pp. 223. Price, $1.50 net.
~LECTURES ON SCIENCE, PHILOSOPHY AND ART.~ A series of twenty-one lectures descriptive in non-technical language of the achievements in Science, Philosophy and Art. 8vo, cloth. Price, $5.00 net.
~LECTURES ON LITERATURE.~ A series of eighteen lectures by instructors of the University on literary art and on the great literatures of the world, ancient and modern. 8vo, cloth, pp. viii + 404. Price, $2.00 net.
~GREEK LITERATURE.~ A series of ten lectures delivered at Columbia University by scholars from various universities. 8vo, cloth, pp. vii + 306. Price, $2.00 net. The lectures are:
THE STUDY OF GREEK LITERATURE. By PAUL SHOREY, Ph.D., Professor of Greek,
University of Chicago.
EPIC POETRY. By HERBERT WEIR SMYTH, Ph.D., Eliot Professor of Greek
Literature, Harvard University.
LYRIC POETRY. By EDWARD DELAVAN PERRY, Ph.D., Jay Professor of Greek,
Columbia University.
TRAGEDY. By JAMES RIGNALL WHEELER, Ph.D., Professor of Greek Archæology and Art, Columbia University.
COMEDY. By EDWARD CAPPS, Ph.D., Professor of Classics, Princeton
University.
HISTORY. By BERNADOTTE PERRIN, Ph.D., Lampson Professor of Greek
Literature and History, Yale University.
ORATORY. By CHARLES FORSTER SMITH, Ph.D., Professor of Greek and Classical
Philology, University of Wisconsin.
PHILOSOPHY. By FREDERICK J.E. WOODBRIDGE, Ph.D., Johnsonian Professor of
Philosophy, Columbia University.
HELLENISTIC LITERATURE. By HENRY W. PRESCOTT, Ph.D., Professor of
Classical Philology, University of Chicago.
GREEK INFLUENCE ON ROMAN LITERATURE. By GONZALEZ LODGE, Ph.D., Professor of Latin and Greek, Columbia University.
* * * * *
LEMCKE & BUECHNER, AGENTS
30-32 WEST 27th ST., NEW YORK
End of Project Gutenberg's The Doctrine of Evolution, by Henry Edward Crampton