The early Plantagenets

INDEX.

Accursi, Francesco, 221
Acre, siege of, 116;
the English at, 118;
double siege at, 118;
taken, 120
Adeliza, queen, 95
Adrian IV., pope, 30, 46
Alexander III., pope, 3, 71, 92
Alexander IV., pope, 186
Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln, 21
Alfonso, King of Castile, 99
Alnwick, battle of, 96
Amalric, Count of Montfort, 193
Amiens, council at, 202
Amory, Roger d’, 278;
his death, 281
Anarchy in the reign of Stephen, 22
Anglo-Saxon militia system, 88
Anjou, house of, at Jerusalem, 104;
loss of, 142
Anselm, 63
Aquitaine, feudal rights of, 51
Archbishops, disputed election of, at Canterbury, 145
Arthur, grandson of Henry II., 125;
his claims to the throne, 136;
his claims in France, 140;
murder of, 142
Arundel, earl of, 95
Ascalon rebuilt, 121
Audley, Hugh of, 278
Aumâle, William of, 45
Azai, conference at, 109
Badlesmere, Sir Bartholomew, 278;
his death, 281
Badlesmere, Lady, 279
Baldock, chancellor, 283
Baldwin, Archbishop of Canterbury, 116
Baldwin of Redvers, 18
Baldwin the Leper, 104
Balliol, John, made king of Scotland, 241;
summoned by Edward I., 257;
at war with Edward I., 258;
surrender of, 258
Bannockburn, battle of, 277
Barbarossa, Frederick, 37
Barons, disputes with, 151;
refuse to serve under John, 153;
their appeal to the laws of Henry I., 154;
their quarrels with John, 156;
granting of the Magna Carta by John, 157;
their long list of grievances, 197, 198;
disunion among, 200;
the differences with the king referred to arbitration, 201;
refuse to abide by the decision, 202, 203;
victory of, at the battle of Lewes, 205;
defeated at Evesham, 209;
their discontent under the growth of the royal power, 248;
assembly of, at Salisbury, 249;
control of Edward II. by, 273;
at war with Edward II., 279
Barons’ War, the, 202
Battles, Alnwick, 96;
Bannockburn, 277;
Boroughbridge, 280;
Bouvines, 155;
Consilt, 48;
Dunbar, 258;
Evesham, 208;
Lewes, 205;
Lincoln, 23, 169;
Standard, 19
Bavaria, 8
Beauchamp, Guy, Earl of Warwick, 270
Beaumont, Henry de, 273
Becket, Thomas, 30;
appointed chancellor, 42;
at the siege of Toulouse, 53;
his early life, 66;
rises into note, 66;
as chancellor, 66;
becomes archbishop of Canterbury, 67;
Henry’s confidence in him, 67;
resigns the chancery, 70;
enforces the feudal rights of his see, 70;
opposes the king on a financial point, 72;
his new enemies, 74;
quarrels with Henry II., 75;
defends the clerical immunities, 75;
his conduct regarding the Constitutions of Clarendon, 77;
is summoned to Northampton, 78;
his trial, 78;
his flight, 79;
is exiled, 79;
under the protection of Lewis VII., 79;
his interviews with the king, 80;
reconciliation with Henry II., 82;
returns to England, 82;
murder of, 82;
the true glory of, 83;
pilgrimage to his grave, 96
Berengaria, Princess of Navarre, her marriage with Richard I., 120
Berksted, Stephen, 216
Berwick sacked by Edward I., 258;
capture of, by the Scotch, 277
Bibars, Sultan, 215
Bigot, Hugh, 13, 14, 18, 31, 46, 93, 199
Bigot, Roger, Earl of Norfolk, 248
Bishops, indemnity for their losses caused by John, 154
Bishops, Norman, 63
Blanche of Castile, marries Lewis of France, 141, 142
Bohun, Humfrey, Earl of Hereford, 248
Boniface, Archbishop, 181, 185, 199
Boniface VIII., pope, 247, 259
Boroughbridge, battle of, 280
Bouvines, battle of, 155
Brabançon mercenaries, 94
Bracton, Henry, 221
Breauté, Falkes de, 170, 171
Bridgenorth, siege of, 46
Bristol, fall of, 287
Brito, Richard, 83
Britton, judge, 221
Bruce, Robert, Earl of Carrick, as regent, 259
Bruce, Robert, son of the Earl of Carrick, lays claim to the crown of Scotland, 240;
his successor in Scotland, 275
Burgh, Hubert de, justiciar, 169;
as regent, 171;
work of, 173;
fall of, 178;
reinstatement of, 180
Burghersh, Henry, Bishop of Lincoln, 286
Burnell, Robert, 216, 221
Cadwalader, 48
Cambuskenneth, 258
Campaign of 1301, 259
Camvill, Gerard, warden of Lincoln castle, 125
Camvill, Nicolaa de, 167
Canterbury, Archbishop of, his power, 60;
disputed election of the Archbishop at, 145
Castles, destruction of, by Henry II., 43
Celestine III., pope, 126
Chalus-Chabrol, castle of, 134
Chancellor, his duties, 66
Charles IV., King of France, 284
Charters, confirmation of the, 250;
reconfirmation of the, 252
Christianity in England, 59
Church, English, its history, 58;
national unity first realized, 59;
under the heptarchy, 59;
great power of the clergy, 60;
alliance with the State, 60;
effect of the Conquest on, 61;
policy of William I. regarding, 62;
in Stephen’s reign, 64;
quarrel of John with, 145;
plunder of the clergy, 152;
state of, in 1213, 151
Clare, Richard de (Strongbow), his conquests of Ireland, 91
Clare, Richard de, Earl of Gloucester, 197, 198;
his death, 201
Clarendon, council at, 76;
constitutions of, 76;
council at, 81;
assize of, passed, 81;
constitutions of, renounced, 91
Clement III., pope, 126
Clement V., pope, 254
Clergy, the, Stephen’s breach with, 20;
great power of, 61;
plunder of, 153;
representation of, under Edward I., 236;
relations of Edward I. with, 245;
taxation of, 246;
Edward I. quarrels with, 247
Clericis, Laicos, Bull, 247
Clerkenwell, council of, 105
Clifford, Roger, justiciar of Wales, 219
Coinage, debased by Stephen, 20
Commons, House of, 235
Comnenus, Isaac, King of Cyprus, 120
Comyn, John, Earl of Badenoch, 259, 261
Confirmatio cartarum, 86
Conquest, the effects of, on the Church, 61
Conrad of Hohenstaufen, 29
Conrad of Montferrat, 119
Conradin, 5
Consilt, battle of, 48
Constance of Brittany, 127
Constantia of France married to Eustace, 31
Constitutional crisis, 248, 249
Constitutional grievances in 1245, 180
Constitutions of Clarendon, 76;
renounced, 91
Corbeuil, William of, Archbishop, 15
Coronation, ceremony of, 47
Court of Common Pleas, 225
Court of Exchequer, 225
Court of King’s Bench, 225
Court of Rome, character of, 91
Coutances, Walter of, 127
Cowton Moor, 18
Crisis of 1258, 175;
why it was delayed, 189
Crusade, second, 29
Crusade, third, 105, 116
Crusade of Prince Edward, 215
Customs, the revenue, 231;
the new, 255
Danegeld, abolition of, 17, 58, 73
David I., King of Scotland, first invasion by, 17;
second invasion by, 19
David, son of Llewelyn, Prince of Wales, rebels against Edward I., 219;
his death, 219
De Religiosis statute, 223, 246
Despenser, Hugh le, the baron’s justiciar, 199;
his death, 209
Despenser, Hugh le, the favorite of Edward II., 279;
sentence against, 277;
avarice and arrogance of, 284
Despenser, Hugh le, Earl of Winchester, hanged, 287
Dictum de Kenilworth, 209
Dunbar, battle of, 258
Durham, Bishop of, 114
Earls, appointment of, 20
Ecclesiastical school in the reign of Stephen, 64
Ecclesiastical quarrels, 247
Edmund of Abingdon, Archbishop of Canterbury, 179;
driven into exile, 185
Edmund of Cornwall, as regent, 238
Edmund, Earl of Kent, 288
Edward I., at the battle of Lewes, 205;
proclaimed king, 210;
joins the crusade, 210;
political education of, 212;
motives determining his crusade, 213;
his English policy, 213;
his idea of kingship, 214;
crusade of 1270, 215;
his accession to the throne, 216;
administration of the kingdom during his pilgrimage, 216;
his coronation, 217;
rebellion of the prince of North Wales, 218;
conquest of Wales, 219;
as a lawgiver, 220;
principles of his legislation, 222;
his legal reforms, 222;
parliamentary settlement of revenue on, 232;
his first parliament, 233;
national policy of, 237;
evil consequence caused by his absence, 237;
his claims upon Scotland, 239;
his relations with Philip IV., 243;
quarrel with Philip IV., 243;
consequences thereof, 244;
his relations with the clergy, 245;
quarrels with the clergy, 247;
resistance of his subjects, 248, 249;
dissatisfied with his subjects, 252;
quarrels with Archbishop Winchelsey, 254;
his relations with foreign merchants, 255;
concludes peace with France, 258;
marries Margaret, sister of Philip IV., 258;
truce concluded with Scotland, 258;
his new constitution for Scotland, 260;
his death, 261;
his character and motives, 262
Edward II., reactionary policy of, 263;
personal tastes and favorites of, 264;
his character, 264;
peace with Scotland, 266;
married to Isabelle of France, 267;
coronation of, 267;
controlled by the barons, 273;
his struggles in favor of Gaveston, 273;
changes in the administration, 274;
new favorites of, 278;
at war with the barons, 282;
his campaign in the north, 282;
truce concluded with Scotland, 282;
summoned to do homage to Charles IV., 284;
intrigues of the queen against, 285;
helplessness of, 286;
overthrow and deposition of, 287;
murder of, 288;
importance and significance of his reign, 288;
constitutional results of the epoch closing with his downfall, 290
Edward III., 287;
appointed governor of the kingdom, 288
Eleanor, daughter of Henry II., 99, 100
Eleanor de Montfort, wife of Llewelyn, Prince of Wales, 219
Eleanor of Aquitaine, 28;
her marriage with Henry II., 31;
resent on the death of her husband, 116;
her relations with John, 140;
her death, 143
Eleanor of Provence marries Henry III., 181
Eleanor, widow of William Marshall, her second marriage with Simon de Montfort, 181
Election at Canterbury, 143
Evesham, battle of, 209
Exchequer under Henry I., 227
Empire, relations with the papacy, 3
England, importance of its work during this epoch, 5;
state of, during the absence of Henry II., 54;
under the heptarchy, 59;
national unity first realized, 59;
alliance with Germany, 80;
during the crusade, 122;
state of, on the death of Richard, 137;
separation from Normandy, 143;
laid under interdict, 149;
national inactivity of, 184;
at war with Scotland, 257;
truce concluded, 258
Essex, Earl of, 263
Eugenius III., 30
Eustace, son of Stephen, 31;
his marriage with Constantia of France, 31;
his death, 32
Ferrers, Earl of Derby, joins a league against Henry II., 94
Ferrers, William of, Earl of Derby, 197
Feudal laws, 50
Feudal lords, power of, 223
Finance, system of, during the reign of Edward I., 225
Fitz Osbert, William, 133, 134
Fitz Peter, Geoffrey, justiciar, 133, 153, 154
Fitz Urse, Reginald, 82
Fitz Walter, Robert, 159, 169
Flemings, invasion of Normandy by, 93
Foliot, Gilbert, 30
Foreign affairs in 1258, 176
France, alliance of, with Scotland, 259
Franconia, 6
Frederick I., Emperor, 3, 37, 71, 80, 117
Frederick II., Emperor, 3, 220;
marries Isabella, sister to Henry III., 181, 220
Frederick of Swabia, 117
French history, character of the epoch of, 2
Friscobaldi, the, 273
Fulk the Good, Count of Anjou, 161
Gascons, the rebellion of, 189
Gaveston, Piers, favorite of Edward II., 264;
his hatred of the earls, 270;
banishment of, 270;
recall of, 271;
his death, 274
Geddington, assembly at, 105
Geoffrey of Anjou, 14, 16, 25, 28
Geoffrey of Brittany, 103;
his death, 104
Geoffrey of Nantes rebels against his brother Henry II., 58
Geoffrey, son of Henry II., Archbishop of York, 127
Geographical summary, 6
German history, character of the epoch of, 3
Germany, 3;
condition of, under the early Plantagenets, 7;
alliance with England, 80
Giffard, Archbishop of York, appointed regent, 216
Gilbert, Earl of Gloucester, 204, 206, 208, 209;
swears fealty to Edward I., 216;
marries Johanna, daughter of Edward I., 239;
his death, 248
Gilbert of Vacœuil, 55
Gilbert, son of the Earl of Gloucester, regent, 272
Glanvill, Ranulf, the justiciar, 95, 103, 111, 116;
his death, 118
Gray, John de, Bishop of Norwich, elected Archbishop of Canterbury, 146
Gregory IX., pope, 185
Grosseteste, Robert, Bishop of Lincoln, 182, 185
Gualo, 160, 166, 170
Gwynneth, Owen, 50
Harclay, Sir Andrew, governor of Carlisle, 280;
execution of, 282
Hawisia, daughter of William, Earl Gloucester, 99;
wife of John, 142
Henry I., question of succession at his death, 12;
precautions taken by, 13;
competitors for the succession, 14;
his funeral, 16
Henry II., knighted at Carlisle, 31;
marries Eleanor of Aquitaine, 32;
his arrival in England, 32;
leaves England, 33;
importance attached to his succession, 34;
his youth and education, 35;
his character, 36;
his family policy, 36;
his great position in Christendom, 37;
mismanagement of his children, 38;
his personal appearance, 38;
early reforms of, 39;
his advisers, 41;
coronation of, 42;
disputes regarding the resumption of lands, 43;
surrender of the malcontents, 45;
frequent councils, 45;
second coronation of, 47;
first war against Wales, 49;
visits France, 49;
his foreign possessions, 49;
his relations with his vassals, 50;
his relations to the King of France, 50;
questions of boundary, 52;
personal questions, 52;
his true policy, 52;
crushes his brother Geoffrey’s rebellion, 53;
desists from attacking Toulouse, 53;
his children, 54;
conclusion of peace with Lewis VII., 54;
his legal reforms, 54, 55;
increase of national unity, 57;
his confidence in Thomas Becket, 67;
returns from France, 69;
second war with Wales, 70;
his disputes with Becket, 71-75;
appeal to the ancient customs, 75;
his motives, 76;
exasperated at Becket, 77;
his cruel measures towards Becket, 80;
third war with Wales, 80;
proceedings during the quarrel, 80;
reconciliation with Becket, 83;
perseverance in reform, 85;
training of the people in self-government, 87;
his political object in crowning his son, 90;
applies to the pope on Becket’s death, 91;
his penitence and absolution, 91;
quarrels with his son Henry, 93;
his success against Lewis VII., 95;
in France, 95;
his arrival in England, 96;
his policy, 97;
importance of this struggle, 98;
resumes his schemes, 99;
his visit to England, 100;
his last quarrel, 105;
at war with Philip II., 106;
his flight to Normandy, 107;
his last days, 107;
his death, 109
Henry III., 5;
character of the reign of, 161;
his character, 162;
division of his reign, 164;
his party, 166;
coronation of, 166;
his foreign policy, 173;
his personal administration, 174;
internal misgovernment, 174;
his first act, 175;
his ingratitude, 177;
his plan of governing, 180;
marries Eleanor of Provence, 180;
his unconstitutional means for raising money, 183;
his impolicy, 183;
his relations with the popes, 184;
accepts the kingdom of Sicily, 186;
his French transactions, 187;
visits France, 189;
his dynastic policy, 190;
political troubles of, 200;
the award of Lewis IX., 201;
its effects, 203;
military successes of, 204;
defeated at the battle of Lewes, 205;
conduct of the new government, 207;
defeats the barons at Evesham, 209;
his death, 210
Henry VI., Emperor of Germany, 122-129
Henry, Bishop of Winchester, 22, 24;
retires from court, 25
Henry, Earl of Lancaster, 284, 286
Henry of Essex, constable, 48, 71
Henry, son of Henry II., his marriage, 54;
coronation of, without his queen, 81;
second coronation of, with his queen, 92;
quarrels with his father, 92;
intrigues of, 100;
second revolt against his father, 103;
his death, 104
Henry, son of the King of the Romans, his death, 210
Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, his marriage, 80
Heraclius, patriarch, mission of, 104
Herbert, Bishop of Salisbury, 133
Hildebrandine revival, 62
History, human, various areas and stages of, 1;
under the early Plantagenets, 5
Hohenstaufen, drama of, 3;
empire of, 8
Honorius III., pope, 166
House of Commons, 235
House of Lords, 235
Hoveden, Roger, 35
Hugh de Gournay, 142
Hugh of Beauchamp, 104
Hugh of la Marche, 141
Hugh of Lincoln, 133
Hugh of Nunant, Bishop of Coventry, 131
Imported merchandise, taxes on, 221
Income tax, 55
Ingeburga of Denmark, 141
Innocent III., pope, 4, 133, 149, 150
Innocent IV., pope, 185
Interdict, England laid under, 149
Ireland, proposal to conquer, 45;
expedition of Henry II. to, 91
Isabella, betrothed wife of Hugh of la Marche, 141
Isabella of France, wife of Edward II., 268;
position and policy of, 282;
her intrigues in France, 285;
her triumphant march to the West of England, 286;
rule under, 288
Isabella, sister to Henry III., married to Emperor Frederick II., 180
Italy, condition of, 7
Itinerant judges first go their circuits, 90
Jerusalem, captured by Saladin, 106;
Richard’s march on, 121
Jews, persecution of, 112;
banished from England, 239
Jocelin de Bailleul, 76
Johanna, daughter of Henry II., marries Gilbert of Gloucester, 239
Johanna, daughter of Henry II., 99;
wife of William the Good, 119
John, son of Henry II., his marriage, 99;
cursed by his dying father, 109;
provision made for, by his brother Richard, 115;
position of, 125;
intrigues with Philip II., 127;
rebellion of, 130;
secures Normandy, 137;
his coronation, 138;
division of the history of his reign, 139;
at peace with Philip II., 141;
his second marriage, 141;
loses Normandy and Anjou, 142;
his ecclesiastical troubles, 145;
excommunication of, 149;
his obduracy, 149;
swears fealty to the pope, 150;
quarrels with the barons, 151;
his journey to the North, 154;
goes to France, 155;
the crown offered to Lewis, 159;
his successes against the barons, 159;
his death, 160
John of Salisbury, 30
John of Brienne, 4
John the Marshall, 74, 78
John XXII., 3
Judges, punishment of, 239;
itinerant, 86;
fiscal work of, 86;
first go their circuits, 87
Judicature, restoration of, 46;
central, 87
Jurisdiction, provincial reform of, 86, 87
Justice, administration of, 55
Kenilworth, dictum de, 209
Lacy, Henry de, Earl of Lincoln, 269;
his death, 272
Lands, resumption of, 44
Langton, Stephen, elected Archbishop of Canterbury, 148;
absolves the king, 153;
crowns Henry III., 171;
his death, 177
Langton, Walter, 249, 255, 266, 274
Laudabiliter Bull, 46
Laws, appeal to the, of Henry I., 154;
probable plan for the codification of, 221;
Edward’s principles of legislation, 222
League against Henry II., 93
Leicester, Earl of, joins a league against Henry II., 94
Leopold, Duke of Austria, 222
Lewes, battle of, 203
Lewes, Mise of, 206
Lewis VI., King of France, 9
Lewis VII., King of France, 5;
joins the second crusade, 28;
his character, 37;
his relation to Henry II., 50;
takes up the cause of Becket, 79;
joins a league against Henry II., 93;
utterly routed by Henry II., 97;
his death, 102
Lewis IX., King of France, 5;
arbitrates between Henry III. and his barons, 201;
award of, 201;
effects of the award, 203;
motives for his decision, 205;
his death, 215
Lewis of Bavaria, 3
Lewis, son of Philip of France, his marriage, 142;
the crown of England offered to him, 159;
his successes against John, 159;
lands in England, 159;
treaty concluded with Henry III., 167;
defeated at Lincoln and departure from England, 168
Liege, Bishop of, 130
Lincoln, battle of, 23, 168
Lincoln, parliament at, 254
Linlithgow castle, 259
Lisbon, 10
Llewelyn, Prince of North Wales, 204;
rebellion of, against Edward I., 218;
married to Eleanor de Montfort, 219;
his death, 219
Longchamp, William, bishop of Ely, 115;
chancellor, 123;
as supreme justiciar, 124;
demands the royal castles, 125;
removed from the justiciarship, 127
Lords, House of, 235
Lorraine, Lower, 9
Lothar II., 7
Lucy, Richard de, 30, 41, 76, 94, 95;
appointed regent during the king’s absence, 54
Lusignan, Ethelmer, Bishop of Winchester, 190
Lusignan, Guy of, 105
Mabilia, Countess of Gloucester, 25
Madoc, rebellion of, 256
Magna Carta, granted at Runnymede, 157;
attempts to annul it, 158;
re-issued, 166;
third issue of, 169;
confirmed, 239
Malcolm IV., King of Scotland, 44
Mandeville, Geoffrey, Earl of Essex, 26, 142, 167
Mandeville, William, 115
Manners during this epoch, 4
Mans, le, capture of, by Philip II., 106
Margaret of France, daughter of Lewis VII., 54;
wife of Henry, son of Henry II., 104
Margaret, sister of Philip IV., marries Edward I., 258
Marlborough, parliament of, 209
Marshall, Richard, 179
Marshall, William, Earl of Pembroke, 166;
his death, 169;
work of, 171
Martel, William, 30
Martin, master, 185
Matilda, daughter of Henry I., fealty sworn to, 14, 17;
her arrival in England, 22;
elected Lady of England, 23;
her imprudent rule, 24;
her struggles against Stephen, 25;
flies to Oxford, 25;
the kingdom divided, 26;
her government in Normandy, 42
Matilda, daughter of Henry II., her marriage, 80
Maurienne, Count of, 93
Mercenaries, importation of, 20;
expulsion of, 42
Merchandize, taxation on importation of, 231
Merchants, foreign, relations of Edward I. with, 255
Merlin, prophecies of, 39
Miles of Hereford, 28
Military system in Henry II.’s time, 88
Mise of Lewes, 206
Monasteries, 63
Monks of Canterbury, their quarrels regarding the election of Archbishop, 146
Montfort, Simon de, Earl of Leicester, marries Eleanor, daughter of John, 181;
his character, 193;
military successes of, 204;
parliament of, 207;
impolicy of his sons, 208;
killed in the battle of Evesham, 209;
his character as a great and good man, 210, 211
Moral lessons, 5
Mortimer, Hugh, 45
Mortimer, Roger, 199;
appointed regent, 216
Mortimer, Roger, Lord of Wigmore, 278, 284, 285, 288
Morville, Hugh de, 82
Mowbray, Roger, 106
Neville, Ralph, Bishop of Chichester, 180
New Custom, the, 255
Nicolas IV., pope, 246
Nicolas, Bishop of Tusculum, 154
Nigel, Bishop of Ely, 42
Norman bishops, 63
Normandy, invasion of, 104;
forfeiture of, 142;
separation from England, 143
Normans, results of rule under, 12
Northampton, council at, 77;
parliament at, 268
Nottingham, castle of, 125
Ordainers, the, 272
Ordinances of 1311, the, 272;
revocation of, 281
Orlton, Adam, Bishop of Hereford, 286, 287
Otho, Cardinal, 185
Otho, of Saxony, Emperor, 134
Oxford, siege of, 26;
parliament of, 198;
provisions of, 199
Pacification, terms of, in 1153, 39
Palestine, condition of, 104
Pandulf, 150;
as legate, 171;
resigns, 173
Papacy, relations with the empire, 3;
demands in Henry III.’s time, 169;
taxation, 177;
Henry III.’s relations with the popes, 184;
list of papal assumptions, 185;
papal claims over Scotland, 253
Paris, Matthew, 139, 183, 195
Parliament, 181;
discussions in, 182;
of 1258, 197;
origin of our modern, 207;
under Edward I., 234;
growth of, 234;
Lincoln, 253
Peckham, Archbishop, 247
Pembroke, Earl of, 270
Perche, Count of, 169
Peter de Vineis, 220
Peter of Wakefield, 150
Petronilla, Lady, 96
Peverell, William, 45
Philip II., King of France, his hatred of Henry II., 103;
at war with Henry II., 106;
joins the third crusade, 116;
at Messina, 119;
intrigues of, against Richard, 128;
concludes a two months’ peace with John, 140;
at peace with John, 141;
takes Normandy and Anjou, 142
Philip III., King of France, 216;
his death, 243
Philip IV., the Fair, King of France, his relations with Edward I., 243;
quarrels with Edward I., 244
Philip V., King of France, 284
Philip of Flanders joins a league against Henry II., 94
Pipewell, council of, 114
Political history during this epoch, 2
Politicians, ecclesiastical, 64
Portugal during the age of the early Plantagenets, 10
Provisions of Oxford, 199
Provisions of Westminster, 200
Puiset, Hugh de, Bishop of Durham, 94;
justiciar, 124, 125;
expelled, 126
Quia Emptores statute, 223, 235
Ranulf, Earl of Chester, 23, 26
Ranulf, Earl of Chester, 136, 166, 178
Raymond of Toulouse, 195
Rebellion of 1136, 18
Reform, Henry II.’s plans of, 39;
progress of, 55;
Henry’s perseverance in, 85;
political object of it, 86;
new schemes of, 271
Reginald, Earl of Cornwall, 95
Reginald, sub-prior, elected Archbishop of Canterbury, 147
Religion during this epoch, 4
Revenue, nature of, in the time of Henry II., 55;
under Henry III., 228;
sources of, during Edward I.’s reign, 225;
customs, 231;
parliamentary settlement on Edward I., 230
Reynolds, Walter, 275
Richard I., Cœur de Lion, son of Henry II., 53;
quarrels with his brother Henry, 103;
his father’s distrust of, 104;
joins the third crusade, 105;
does homage to Philip II., 106;
joins in a conspiracy against his father, 106;
character of his reign, 110;
his accession to the throne, 111;
his coronation, 112;
his personal appearance and character, 112, 113;
his mode of procuring means for the third crusade, 114;
starts on the crusade, 115;
his journey along the Italian shore, 118;
at Messina, 119;
his campaigns in Palestine, 120;
exploits of, 121;
his retreat and truce, 122;
captivity of, 122;
negotiations for his release, 129;
ransom raised for his release, 129;
his release, 130;
his second visit to England, 131;
money refused him by the great council, 133;
his last years, 134;
events of the war with Philip II., 134;
his death, 135
Richard, Archbishop of Canterbury, 177
Richard, Earl of Cornwall, King of the Romans, brother to Henry III., 173, 178;
his marriage, 181;
his character, 192;
at the battle of Lewes, 205;
his death, 210
Robert, Earl of Gloucester, 16;
swears fealty to Stephen, 17;
his power, 19;
taken prisoner, 26;
his death, 29
Robert, Earl of Leicester, regent, during the king’s absence, 55
Roches, Peter des, Bishop of Winchester, regent, 166, 170;
the king’s adviser, 178;
fall of, 179
Rochester castle besieged, 159
Roger, Bishop of Salisbury, 15;
justiciar of Henry I., 21;
arrested, 21
Roger, Earl of Leicester, 28
Roger of Hereford, 44
Roger of Pont l’Eveque, Archbishop of York, 81
Rome, proceedings at, 30;
character of the court of, 91, 92
Rudolf of Hapsburg, 3
Runnymede, granting of the Magna Carta at, 157
Saer de Quincy, 168
St. Albans, assembly at, 154
St. Andrew’s, Bishop of, 259
St. Bernard, 4, 30
St. Edmund, 85
St. Edmund’s, coronation at, 47, 48
St. Gregory, 59
St. Hugh, 133
St. Paul’s, council at, 154
St. William, 30
Saladin, Sultan of Egypt, 104
Salisbury, Earl of, 160
Salisbury, meeting of barons at, 249
Saragossa, 11
Saxony, 8
Scotland, invasion of England by, 17, 19;
submission of to Henry III., 97;
claims of Edward I. upon, 239;
the kingdom of, 240;
papal claims over, 254;
alliance of, with France, 257;
troubles in, 257;
war against England, 258;
truce with England, affairs in, after the fall of Balliol, 259;
Edward’s new constitution for, 259;
truce concluded with Edward II., 282
Scottish independence, war of, 258
Scutage, institution of, 56
Segrave, Sir John, 259
Segrave, Stephen, justiciar, 177
Shrewsbury, assembly at, 234
Sybilla, queen of Jerusalem, sister of Baldwin the Leper, 104, 119
Simon de Montfort, see Montfort, Simon de
Spain, state of, 9
Standard, battle of the, 19
Stapleton, Bishop of Exeter, 283
Statute De Religiosis, 246
Statute of Wales, 220
Statute of Westminster, the first, 234
Statute of Westminster, 224
Stephen of Blois, his claim to the throne, 14;
his reception in England, 15;
his election and coronation, 15;
his first charter, 16;
his second charter, 17;
invaded by the Scots, 17, 19;
rebellion of 1136, 18;
beginning of troubles, 18;
his imprudent policy, 19;
debases coinage, 20;
his new earls, 20;
imports mercenaries, 20;
his breach with the clergy, 20;
arrests the bishops, 21;
beginning of anarchy, 22;
taken prisoner, 22;
is released, 25;
his success in 1142, 26;
division of the kingdom, 27;
period of anarchy, 28;
proceedings at Rome, 30;
quarrels with the archbishop, 30;
question of succession, 31;
negotiates for peace, 32;
his death, 33;
estimation of his character, 33
Stigand, Archbishop, 61
Stirling, English defeated near, 259
Stratford, John, Bishop of Winchester, 287
Swabia, 6
Tancred, King of Sicily, 119
Taxation, variety of, in Henry II.’s reign, 87;
papal, 177;
changes in the mode of, 228;
summoning of representative assemblies for the purposes of, 232;
of the clergy, 246;
confirmation of the charter establishing the right of the people to determine, 240
Templars, the, 53, 54
Theobald, Archbishop of Canterbury, 21;
quarrels with Stephen, 30;
negotiates the succession of Henry II., 41;
adviser to Henry II., 42;
his death, 55
Theobald, Count, 14, 16
Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, 269;
despotism of, 276, 277;
execution of, 280;
interior consequences of his execution, 281
Thurstan, Archbishop, 19
Tickhill, castle of, 125
Toledo, 11
Toulouse, war of, 53
Tracy, William de, 82
Valence, Aymer de, Earl of Pembroke, 261, 274, 276;
made governor of Scotland, 266;
his death, 285
Vescy, Lady de, 273;
Eustace de, 159, 167
Waleran of Meulan, 28
Wales, at war with Henry II., 48;
second war with Henry II., 71;
third war with Henry II., 80;
turbulence of the princes, 217;
conquest of, 219;
statute of, 220;
rebellion in, under Madoc, 256
Wallace, Sir William, 258, 260
Wallingford, peace negotiations at, 32
Walter, Hubert, Bishop of Salisbury, 115, 116, 119, 130;
made Archbishop of Canterbury, 130;
government of, 131;
resignation of, 133;
transfers his devotion to John on the death of Richard, 137;
his death, 144
Walter of Cantilupe, Bishop of Worcester, 197, 199
Wareham, 27
Warenne, Earl, 238
Warenne, William of, surrender of his estates in Norfolk, 46;
knighthood conferred on, 47
Westminster, treaty at, 32;
council at, 74;
provisions of, 200;
courts at, 226;
statute of, the first, 234
William II., King of Scotland, joins a league against Henry II., 94;
taken prisoner, 96
William, Earl of Salisbury, 164
William of Aumâle, 171
William of Eynesford, 74
William of Ferrers, 197
William, son of Henry I., 12
William the Good, of Sicily, his marriage, 99
Winchelsey, Robert, 246, 249;
quarrels with the king, 254, 268
Winchester, Bishop of, brother of Stephen, 41
Winchester, Bishop of, 114
Winchester, statute of, 225
Woodstock, council at, 71, 72
Worms, diet of, 128
Ypres, William of, 44

The early Plantagenets

About This Book

INDEX.