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The Ether of Space

Chapter 44: FOOTNOTES:
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About This Book

The author presents a detailed examination of a pervasive medium filling space, arguing for its substantiality and role as the carrier of light, electric and magnetic phenomena. He traces historical conceptions and summarizes modern electromagnetic theory to connect ideas with observational and experimental findings. A sequence of laboratory and optical experiments is described and assessed, including interferometric probes of ether drift and devices intended to test ethereal viscosity and density. He examines how portions of the medium might be modified to form matter, estimates its energy and stiffness, and discusses implications for aberration and gravitational interactions. Mathematical appendices supply calculations and show how optical laws arise as special cases of broader potential functions.

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FOOTNOTES:

[1] See Lodge and Howard, Philosophical Magazine for July, 1889. See also Phil. Mag., August, 1888, page 229.

[2] Cf. sections 157A, 143, 187, and chap. xvi., of my Modern Views of Electricity.

[3] Radian is the name given by Prof. James Thomson to a unit angle of circular measure, an angle whose arc equals its radius, or about 57°.

[4] The word "stationary" is ambiguous. I propose to use "stagnant," as meaning stationary with respect to the earth, i.e. as opposed to stationary in space.

[5] Lord Rayleigh, Nature, March 25, 1892.

[6] It does not seem to have been noticed that in Query 22, quoted in the Introduction to the present book, Newton seems to throw out a curious hint in this same direction,—though he immediately abandons it again. He does not appear to have carefully edited his queries; probably they were published posthumously.

[7] On doing the arithmetic, however, I find the necessary concentration absurdly great, showing that such a mass is quite insufficient. (See Appendix 1.)

[8] See Lodge, Philosophical Magazine, April, 1907. Also Appendix 2 below.

[9] Address to Section A of British Association at Montreal, 1884.

[10] Philosophical Magazine, Dec., 1887.

[11] Archives Néerlandaises (1869), Vol. IV, p. 443, or Nature, Vol XXVI, p. 500. Also Chapter IV above.


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