INDEX
- Abbots, display in elections of, 129
- Abraham, religious play, 320
- Adrian VI., Pope, 157
- Aggeus, Augustine, 310
- Aldine press, at Venice, 160
- Aldus, printer, 160, 166
- Alexander VI., Pope, 102
- Alms, 132
- Alton, foundation for obits at, 403-404
- Amberbach, printer, 166
- Amyas Chantry, 401-402
- Angels, devotion to, 308
- Anti-clerical spirit, 114, 119
- Antoninus, St., Archbishop of Florence, 96
- “Apology” of Sir Thomas More, 71, 73, 115, 122, 144
- Archæology, pagan and Christian, 206
- Architecture, pre-Reformation activity in, 9-10, 328 et seq.;
- decline of the art, 329
- Aretino, 23
- Art, great activity of, prior to Reformation, 10-12
- Arundel, Archbishop, 236
- Ashley, Mr. W. J., cited, 379
- Augmentation, Court of, 384
- Badsworth, chantry foundation at, 401
- Baigent, Mr. F. T., 372, note
- Baker, mediæval fresco painter, 11
- Baptism, 225
- Barbarus, Hermolaus, 29
- Barnes, Friar, 88, 118, 119, 136, 223
- Basle, printing-press at, 165
- Baynard’s Castle, meeting at, 68
- Beccles, foundation at, 408
- Becket, Thomas, 441
- Bede-roll, 335, 341
- Benedict XII., 103
- Benedictine Order, average of graduates at Oxford, 42
- Benefices, 55, 106, 108, note, 353
- Benefit of clergy, 55
- Bequests, mediæval, 389 et seq.
- Bere, Abbot, of Glastonbury, 39, 40, note
- Berthelet, publisher, 72, note, 73, 98, note, 102, note, 107, note, 110, 137, note, 298
- Bible, the Bishops’, 247
- Bible, Erasmus’s translation, 168 et seq.
- Bible, English, hostility to, 236;
- evidence of Catholic acceptance, 237, 242, 247;
- supposed early Catholic version, 237, 242, 247;
- persecutions for possession examined, 240, and note, 241;
- translations authorised, 242-243, 247-249;
- not prohibited, 247, 275-276;
- absence of popular demand for, 250-251;
- Tyndale’s version and Luther’s share in it, 252 et seq.;
- useless without interpretation, 275
- Bishops, and ordination, 148;
- and spiritual jurisdiction, 154;
- obstacles to Reformation, 444
- Blackfriars, meetings at, 67, 68
- Bombasius, Paul, 33, note, 34
- Bond, William, 83, 305
- Boniface VIII., Pope, 99
- Books, heretical, prohibited, 213-216;
- More on heretical, 218 et seq.;
- earliest printed largely religious, 315
- Bourbon, Duke of, 230
- Boyer, Sebastian, Court physician, 160
- Brentano, Mr., cited, 362-363
- Brethren of St. John’s, 374;
- and Hospital, 375
- Bretton, William, 310, and note
- Brewer, Mr., cited, 147, 211-212, 250, 279
- Brotherhoods, Parish, 347
- Brunfels, Otto, 194
- Brygott, Richard, prior of Westacre, 44
- Bucer, 214
- Burials, 54
- Burnet, historian, cited, 4
- Bury St. Edmunds, chantries at, 409
- Butley, Priory of, 43
- Calendar of papers, domestic and foreign, of reign of Henry VIII., 4
- Cambray, Bishop of, 159
- Cambridge, portions of Prior Selling’s library at, 32;
- monastic students at, 43;
- petition of scholars to the king, 47
- Campeggio, Cardinal, 179, 180, 181
- Canterbury, Archbishop of, on clerical immunity, 69
- Canterbury, entertainment of Emperor Manuel at Christchurch, 22;
- Selling and Hadley, monks of Christchurch, 24 et seq.;
- Canterbury College at Oxford, 27, 28, note;
- St. Augustine’s and the literary movement, 40
- Caraffa, Cardinal, afterwards Paul IV., 105, 107, 438
- Carmelites, origin, 117;
- responsibility for Lutheranism, 197
- Caxton, 275, note
- Chalcocondylas, Demetrius, 29
- Chantries, 123, 124, 399, 401
- Chapels of ease, 413
- Chaplains, evil effects of their position, 138-139
- Charnock, Prior, 39
- Chaucer, cited, 415
- Children, and idols, 292;
- religious instruction of, 312, 313-314
- Christchurch, see Canterbury
- Christianity and the classical revival, 203-206
- Chrysoloras, Manuel, Greek scholar, 23, and note
- Chrysostom, St., cited, 122
- Church, position of, prior to Reformation, 1, 147, 211;
- need of reform in, 5 et seq.;
- attitude to learning, 15, 21, 35-38, 41;
- hostility to “New Learning” explained, 15 et seq., 19;
- limits of jurisdiction, 51;
- and disputations entailed, ibid.;
- State right to regulate temporalities of, 53 et seq.;
- king as supreme head, 65, 111;
- rights, 65;
- what constitutes, 70;
- riches coveted, 75;
- Pope as head, 83 et seq.;
- Papal Commission appointed to save, 105;
- evils in, and how caused, 105-106;
- abuses pointed out by Commission, 107, note, 108, note;
- limitations of king’s Headship, 111-112;
- controversy on riches of, 123;
- Erasmus’s attitude to, 167 et seq., 199-200;
- Erasmus regarded as an enemy to, 175-176;
- Lutheran tenets concerning, 194;
- need of reform obscured by Reformation, 198;
- attack on, 216;
- attitude to vernacular Bibles, 236 et seq., 245-248;
- but hostility to denied, 242-243, 246-247, 251;
- religious teaching prior to Reformation, 278 et seq.;
- charges against on points of worship, 293, 302-305;
- bequests to, 390 et seq.;
- suggested disposal of wealth of, 444;
- abuses in, 415
- Church of Christ, sermon on, 91
- Church-building, activity of, 326;
- contributions of people towards bequests for, 327, and note, 390;
- decoration, 328, 332
- Church House, 341
- Churchyards, trees and grass in, 60
- Cicero, and the classical revival, 203-206
- Ciceroniana of Erasmus, 203
- Clark, Dr. John, English ambassador, 94
- Classical revival, Erasmus on, 203;
- absurdities of, 203-204
- Claymond, John, Greek scholar, 40, note, 41, note
- Clement, John, 37, note
- Clement, Pope, 109, note
- Clergy, alleged encouragement of ignorance, 2, 278;
- mortuary dues, 53, 140-144;
- “benefit,” 55;
- rights and duties, 61, 65-70;
- ordinations, 63, 148-153;
- exemptions, 63;
- immunity, 66 et seq.;
- not the Church, 70;
- position as individuals, 72;
- attack on their temporalities, 103;
- laity’s grievance against, 114 et seq.;
- and its causes, 119, 138;
- defended by More, 120-121;
- alleged mercenary spirit, 123;
- and idle laxity of living, 127;
- prayers, 131;
- alms, 132-133;
- fasting and mortification, 134;
- charges of corruption, 136;
- lack of definite work, 137, note;
- in households of laity, 138;
- tithe exactions, 142;
- faults, 143-145;
- alleged immorality, 145-146;
- charge of simony, 146;
- Mr. Brewer cited on, 147;
- ignorance of, 151;
- hostility to vernacular scriptures examined, 236 et seq., 243, 246;
- and reasons for not encouraging, 242, 244;
- extent and character of their religious teaching, 280 et seq.;
- books used by for teaching, 309 et seq.;
- chantry clergy, 400, 405-409, 413;
- pilgrimages and relics maintained by, 415;
- and motives for, 422, 425
- “Clericus,” 74
- Cloth, clerical, State’s right to legislate on, 60
- Cochlæus, John, 253, 254, note
- Colet, Dean, 7, 19, 29, and note, 33, note, 149, 160, 164, 168
- Commerce, progress not due to Reformation, 8
- Commissioners, royal, 380, 384
- Compostella, pilgrimages to, 416, 417
- Concordat, between Leo X. and Francis I., 76
- Concubines, alleged licences for, 145
- Confession, 225, 282, 287
- Congregation, denoting church, 173, note, 262-266
- Conscience, examinations of, 286
- Constantine, donation to Pope, 95
- Constantine, George, 222
- Constantinople, effect of fall of, 23
- Constitution, Provincial, 237-239, 242, 280
- Contarini, Cardinal, 107, 109, note
- Convocation, grant of headship of Church to the king, 111;
- enactment regarding ordination, 148-149;
- powers of legislation transferred to Crown, 153;
- draws up list of heretical books, 215
- Corpus Christi, feast of, 373;
- procession of guilds, 374;
- at Corunna, 217
- Council of Trent, 5, 109, note, 440
- Courts, ecclesiastical, subject to Pope, 80-81
- Coverdale, Myles, 102, 258
- Cranmer and English Bible, 236, 247;
- on hearing mass, 326
- Creeping to the Cross, 302
- Criticism in the Church, 155, 171
- Croke, Richard, 36, note, 102, note
- Cromwell, Thomas, 112, 153
- Cross, honour to on Good Friday, 302
- Crowley, quoted, 382
- Crucifix, reverence of image of, 126, 289-290, 300, 307;
- not an idol, 293
- Curates and mortuaries, 140-141;
- and tithes, 142
- Cuthbert, Bishop, 219
- Dalton, John, of Hull, will of, 391
- Dead, prayers for, 387, 399
- De Athegua, George, Bishop, 178, and note
- De Burgo, John, 309
- Dee, Dr., supplication to Queen Mary, 48
- Defence of Peace, 103, and note, 104, note
- Degree, advantage of to religious, 44
- De Melton, William, Chancellor of York, 149
- De Ribbe, M. Charles, on wills, 389, note
- Determinations of the Universities, 102, note
- Deventer, school, 157
- De Worde, Wynkyn, 83, 149, 275, note, 280, and note, 298, 312
- Digon, John, Canterbury monk, 41, and note
- Dislike of clergy, alleged, 114;
- reasons for, 127, 138
- Dispensations, 106
- Dives et Pauper, 284, 298, 353, 354
- Division between spirituality and temporality, Saint-German’s work on, 115 et seq., 122, 127, 140
- Divorce question, the, and its share in Reformation, 208, and note
- Doctors of divinity, Erasmus’s satire on, 201
- Döllinger, Dr., cited, 21
- Dominicans, the, and Erasmus, 187;
- responsibility for Lutheranism, 197
- Dorpius, Marten, 169-170
- Dues of clergy, 53
- Dunstan’s, St., Canterbury, 346;
- parish accounts, 347
- Dyalogue of Saint-German, 53 et seq., 115, 140;
- of More, 262, 269, 289
- Ecclesiastical authority, alleged discontent of laity under, 1, 114, 208 et seq., 416;
- limits of, 51
- Ecclesiastical discipline, inquiry into, 438
- Ecclesiastics, attitude to revival of learning, 36-38, 41;
- resistance to encroachment, 51, 53;
- Erasmus’s satire on, 201 et seq.;
- attitude to English Bible, 236 et seq.;
- alleged encouragement of ignorance, 2, 278
- Edgworth, Roger, preacher, 16, 46, 212, 244, 272, 273, note, 292, 359
- Education, fostered by monasteries, 45
- Enconium Moriæ, of Erasmus, 161-162, 201 et seq.
- Erasmus, attitude to Reformation, 7, 20;
- made responsible for “New Learning,” 16, note;
- but attitude to defined, 19, 20;
- his chief support in England, 38;
- position and views, 155;
- considered a Reformer, 156, 178, 180-181;
- birth and education, 156-157;
- joins order of St. Augustine, 157;
- ordained, ibid.;
- unfitness for religious life, 157;
- hostility to religious orders, 158, 180, 187, 200;
- denounces enticing of youths into cloister, ibid.;
- leaves the religious life, 159;
- takes pupils, ibid.;
- at Oxford, 159-160;
- in London, 160;
- visits Italy, ibid.;
- his Adagia, ibid.;
- visits Venice, ibid.;
- returns to London, 161;
- his Enconium Moriæ, 161-162, 201 et seq., 431;
- at Cambridge, 161-162;
- testimony to Archbishop Warham’s kindness, 162-163;
- praise of English ecclesiastics, 163, note;
- amounts received from English friends, 164;
- again leaves England, 165;
- settles at Basle, ibid.;
- superintends Froben’s press, 166;
- death, 167;
- attitude to Church, 167 et seq., 199-200;
- translation of New Testament, 168 et seq.;
- attacks on, 173 et seq.;
- regarded as an enemy to the Church, 175-176;
- opposition to his revival of Greek, 177-178;
- defends himself to the Pope, 179, 181-182;
- disclaims connection with Luther, 180-182, 185, 195-198;
- opposition to national churches, 182, note;
- attitude to Luther, 185, 195, 196-198;
- attacks Luther, 186;
- replies to von Hutten’s attacks, 187 et seq.;
- attitude to the Pope, 189-190, and note, 193, 194-195, 197;
- attacks Lutheran motives, 191-192;
- letter to Bishop Marlianus on attitude to Luther, 197;
- general attitude to religious movement of his age, 200 et seq.;
- and to the classical revival, 203;
- on pilgrimages and relics, 415, 418, 431;
- on devotion to saints, 431 et seq.
- Eton College Chapel, wall paintings of, 11
- Evensong, said before noon, 134
- Exemptions of clergy, 63, 76
- Fairs, 378 et seq.;
- at Winchester, 379
- Faith, The Olde, of Great Brittayne and the New Learning of England, 17, and note
- Fasting, 134
- Ferguson, Mr., quoted on architectural art, 329
- Fineux, Chief-Justice, tries John Savage, 57 et seq.;
- opinion on spiritual courts, 69
- Fisher, Bishop, love of learning, 36, note;
- object in studying Greek, 38;
- views on Papal supremacy, 90, and note;
- books against Luther, 90, note, 192;
- execution, 91;
- sermon on, 92;
- on moral character of religious, 137, note;
- invitation to Erasmus, 161;
- on Erasmus’s New Testament, 169, 175, note;
- supports study of Greek, 177
- Fisher, Rev. J., 311, note
- Fleming, Robert, 23
- Foxe, cited, 240, note, 251
- Francis I., 76
- Francis, Order of St., 117
- Free, John, 40, and note
- Frith, 215, 222, 223, 227
- Froben, printer, 165, 182
- Froude, on Erasmus’s New Testament, 172
- Funerals, 54
- Gairdner, James, cited on jurisdiction of Pope, 81, note;
- on the divorce question, 208, note;
- on Reformation influences, 210, 211, note
- Gardiner, Bishop, 438
- Gardynare, Germen, 227
- Garlekhithe, St. James, 366
- German reformers, books prohibited, 214-215
- Gibbon, cited, 22
- Glasse of Truth, 101-102, note
- Glastonbury monastery, 39
- Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, 23
- God, love of, 299;
- worship of, 304
- Goldstone, Reginald, monk, companion of Selling, 26
- Goldstone, Thomas, Prior of Christchurch, 24
- Gonville Hall, Cambridge, 43, 44
- Good Friday observances, 302-303
- Government, true principle of, 106
- Grace at meals, 314
- Graduates at Oxford, register of, 41-42
- Greek emperors, journeys to courts of Western Europe, 22
- Greek, influence in revival of learning, 14, 21 et seq.;
- first schools of the revival, 23;
- effect of fall of Constantinople, 23-24;
- decline in study of after Reformation, 47;
- Erasmus and the Greek Testament, 168 et seq.;
- outcry against studies in, 177
- Green, historian, cited, 16, note
- Gregory VII., Pope, 101
- Grocyn, William, 29, and note, 160
- Grudge of laity against ecclesiastics, 114
- Guardian angel, prayer to, 309
- Guarini, pupil of Chrysoloras, 23
- Guilds, 351;
- founded upon principle of Christian brotherhood, 352 et seq.;
- trade, and religious, 361;
- benefit societies, 363;
- their work, 365, 385;
- constitution, 366 et seq.;
- “Pinners’” Guild, 368;
- accounts, 369-370;
- fees, 371;
- Guild of Tailors, 371;
- members, 371;
- expenditure, 372, and note;
- their part in Corpus Christi processions, 373-374;
- brethren of St. John’s, 374;
- feasts, 376, and note;
- Candlemas Guild of Bury St. Edmunds, 377;
- bequests, 377-378;
- connection with fairs, 378;
- final destruction, 380
- Hadley, William, companion of Prior Selling, 24;
- studies at foreign universities, 25;
- returns to Christchurch, 26
- Hair shirts, 131, 134
- Headship of the Church, the king’s, 56
- Hegius, Alexander, 157
- Henley on Thames, chantries at, 405
- Henry IV., 136
- Henry VII. obtains Bull from Innocent VIII., 56;
- purchases pardon for Westminster and Savoy, 124
- Henry VIII., calendar of papers of reign, 4;
- exerts his influence on behalf of learning, 36, 177;
- determined to maintain rights of Crown, 69;
- book against Luther, 90, 94;
- defends Church, 94, 226;
- reputed book, 102, note;
- petition of Commons, &c., against spirituality, 153;
- quarrel with Rome on divorce question, 208, and note;
- forbids Lutheran books, 214, 259;
- authorises English Bibles, 273;
- destroys the guilds, 380;
- the reformers and, 440
- Heresy, spread by books, 213, 218
- Hobhouse, Bishop, cited, 346, 357
- Holidays, determined by ecclesiastical law, 71
- Holy Land, pilgrimages to, 416
- Hortulus Animæ, the, 214, and note
- Huchin, William, see Tyndale
- Hunn, Richard, 240
- Hunting, by priests, 138, 139, 151
- Hutton, Rev. W. H., cited, 208, note
- Hytton, Sir Thomas, 224, 225
- Idolatry, charges of, 293, 303, 305
- Idols, distinguished from images, 265, 289 et seq., 305-306
- Ignorance, alleged prevalence of, 2, 278
- Images, confused with idols, 265, 292;
- veneration of, 289 et seq., 423 et seq.
- Immunity of clergy, 63, 66 et seq.
- Indulgences, 108, note, 435 et seq.
- Innocent VIII. grants Bull to Henry VII., 56, note
- Janssen, historian, cited, 6, 7, 279, 354
- Jerome, St., corrections in Testament, 170;
- cited on Papal supremacy, 197
- Jessop, Dr., cited, 43;
- on popular gifts to churches, 336;
- on poverty, 360
- Jesus, bowing at name of, 283
- Joye, George, or Clarke, 221, 224, 253, 257-258, 438
- Judges, English prelates as, 81
- Julius II., Pope, 96, 102, 109, 204
- Jurisdiction, limits of ecclesiastical and lay, 51, 65 et seq., 176;
- leading factor in Reformation, 52;
- Papal, 78 et seq.;
- Roman curia as court of appeal, 80
- Katherine, Queen, 178
- Kent, Holy Maid of, 441
- King’s power, 75;
- his headship of Church, 65, 111
- Knowledge, result of increase of, 2
- Laity, Reformation opposed to convictions of, 1;
- alleged disaffection to Church, ibid.;
- and reasons advanced, ibid.;
- attitude to Church’s jurisdiction, 51;
- absence of enthusiasm among in doctrinal disputes, 52;
- grudge against ecclesiastics, 114 et seq.;
- charge clergy with mercenary spirit, 123;
- dislike of clergy, and reasons for, 127;
- “mortuaries” a great offence to, 140
- Langton, Thomas, Bishop of Winchester, 33, and note
- Languages, battle of, 176-179
- Laocöon, the, statue of, 206, note
- Latimer, William, Bishop, 34, 38, 47;
- lawsuits, 348 et seq.
- “Latria,” 294-304, 306-307
- Lawyers, ecclesiastical, 95
- Learning, revival not due to Reformation, 7-8, 15;
- adverse effects of Reformation on, 9, 198-199;
- “New Learning” applied only to religious teaching, 15 et seq.;
- Church’s attitude to learning, 15, 19, 38;
- Erasmus on Reformation’s effect on, 20;
- general aspect of revival, 21;
- Greek influence in, 14, 21 et seq.;
- subsequent progress, 35;
- occasional pulpit denunciations, ibid.;
- slight nature of opposition, 36;
- laymen associated with revival, 37;
- fostered by monasteries, 39;
- condition of things at universities, 41-44;
- education assisted by religious houses, 45;
- decay of after Reformation, 45-48;
- revival of, associated with Lutheranism, 178;
- but without cause, 180-181;
- Erasmus’s attitude to revival of letters, 203-207
- Lee, Edward, afterwards Archbishop of York, 173-174, and note, 252
- Leeds, chantries at, 411-412
- Leland, cited, 24, note, 25
- Leo X., Pope, 28, and note, 76, 94, 96, 173, 179, 181, 185, 439
- Leo XIII., Pope, cited, 355, note
- Leonicenus, 34
- Leonicus, 34, and note
- Leverton, parish of, 339;
- Church accounts, 343 et seq.
- Lewes, Cluniac House at, 43
- Liberty advocated by Luther, 227
- Libraries, destruction of, 48;
- Dr. Dee’s supplication to Queen Mary, 48;
- national library suggested, 49
- Life, daily rules of, 286-287, 313
- Lilly, George, 29, note
- Linacre, pupil of Selling, sketch of early life, 27;
- accompanies Selling to Italy, 28; becomes pupil of Politian, 28;
- at Rome, 29;
- returns to Oxford, 30;
- appointed Court physician, ibid.;
- receives priest’s orders, ibid.;
- friend of Erasmus, 160, 164
- Liveries for chaplains, 138
- Lollards, the, 209 et seq., 214, 240
- London, Mors’s Lamentation against, 440
- Longland, Bishop, 93, 146, 147, note
- Louvain, University of, 160, 174, note, 176, 178, 179, 180
- Love of God, 299
- Luce, M. Siméon, cited, 351
- Lupset, Thomas, sketch of, 36, note;
- on study of Bible, 248
- Luther, Martin, aims of, 7;
- cited on pre-Reformation progress, 8;
- “New Learning” inculcated by, 16, and note;
- books against, 84-85, 90, 94;
- sermon against, 93;
- Henry VIII. opposes, 94;
- method of, 108-109, note; More and Lutherans, 120;
- considered disciple of Erasmus, 156, 178, 180;
- revival of letters not connected with his movement, 180-181;
- Erasmus’s repudiation of, 180-182, 195-198;
- efforts to win over Erasmus, 183-184;
- attacked by Erasmus, 186, 191-192;
- supported by von Hutten, 186 et seq.;
- tenets of Lutheranism, 194;
- methods of attacking condemned, 196;
- who responsible for his movement, 197;
- effects of Lutheranism, 198;
- and spread of, 212-213;
- books prohibited, 213-215; disciples, 216;
- his book, 222;
- “New Learning” and, 225;
- advocacy of liberty, 227;
- evils of Lutheranism, 228-230;
- and of Lutheran literature, 244;
- Tyndale’s connection with, 252;
- share in Tyndale’s Testament, 252-255;
- direction of his remonstrances, 279
- Lutheranism, tenets of, 194;
- responsibility for, 197;
- effects of, 198;
- evils of, 228-230;
- expectations of English Lutherans, 440, 445
- Lyndwood, cited, 247, 353
- Mace, George, canon of Westacre, 44
- Maitland, Professor, quoted on pre-Reformation position of the Pope, 80
- Manuel, Greek Emperor, arrival at Canterbury, 22
- Mary Magdalene, religious play, 320
- Marlianus, Bishop, 197
- Marshall, William, 103
- Marsilius of Padua, 103, 104, note
- Mary, Queen, attempt to restore learning under, 48
- Mass, the, 225, 271, 283, 285
- Matrimony, State regulation of, 62;
- Hytton’s view of, 225
- Matthew, Simon, preacher, 91
- Medici, Lorenzo de, 28
- Mentz, Cardinal Archbishop of, 181, 184
- Metal-working, inventions in, 428
- “Miles,” mouthpiece of Saint-German, 74
- Miracles, 62, 427
- Monasteries, scholarship in, 39, and note;
- members of at universities, 42 et seq.
- Monks, hostile to Erasmus, 176, 180;
- Erasmus quoted on, 202;
- pilgrimages and relics maintained by, 415
- Morality, of clergy, 145-146
- More, Sir Thomas, attitude to Reformation, 7;
- and to learning, 19, 35-37;
- connection with Christchurch, 28;
- at Oxford, 29, and note;
- on immunity of clergy, 70;
- his “Apology,” 71, 73, 115, 122, 144;
- on spiritual authority, 73;
- on Papal supremacy, 85 et seq., 88;
- on nature of the Church, 86 et seq.;
- against Friar Barnes, 88;
- book against Luther, 90;
- death, 91;
- sermon on, 92;
- controversy on clergy and laity, 115 et seq.;
- on quarrels between religious, 116-117;
- defends clergy, 120;
- and replies to allegation of their mercenary spirit, 124;
- and of their idle laxity of life, 127;
- on abuses in religious life, 130;
- on prayers and alms of clergy, 131-135;
- defends clergy from charges of corruption, 136;
- on faults of clergy, 143-145;
- and on their morality, 145-146;
- visited by Erasmus, 160-161;
- share in Erasmus’s Enconium Moriæ, 161-162, 201;
- defends Erasmus’s translation of New Testament, 169-170, 173, note;
- defends Greek studies, 177;
- urges Erasmus against Luther, 186;
- opinion of Erasmus’s Enconium Moriæ, 202, note;
- on spread of heresy, 213, 218;
- on “New Learning” and Lutheranism, 225;
- on Luther’s advocacy of liberty, 227;
- on evils of Lutheranism, 228-230;
- on English Bible, 237 et seq.;
- on case of Richard Hunn, 241;
- on Church’s acceptance of vernacular Bibles, 242-243, 247-249;
- and on false translations, 243;
- and reasons for condemnation of Tyndale’s version, 243, 260-270;
- on reverence of images, 289-291, 293-298;
- on prayer, 307;
- on pilgrimages, 419 et seq., 425 et seq.;
- on relics, 429;
- on indulgences, 437
- Morebath, village of, well-supported church, 337
- Mors, Roderigo, his “Lamentation,” 440
- Mortality among pilgrims, 418
- Mortmain, lands in, 54
- Mortuaries, 53, 140
- Morysine, Richard, 105, 107, note
- Mountjoy, Lord, 159, 161, 164
- Music, pre-Reformation progress in, 12-13;
- Richard Pace quoted on, 35
- Mystery plays, 316 et seq.
- National churches, opposed by Erasmus, 182, note
- National feeling and the Papacy, 82 et seq.
- National library, suggested, 49
- Nevill, Archbishop, 281
- “New Learning” defined, 15 et seq.;
- its purely religious application, 16 et seq.;
- result of, 50;
- founded on Luther’s teaching, 225
- New Testament, Erasmus’s translation, 168 et seq.;
- English versions destroyed, 236;
- Tyndale version, and Luther’s share in it, 252 et seq.
- Nicholas V., Pope, 96
- Nicholas of Cusa, reforms in Germany, 6;
- opinion on Constantine’s gift to Pope, 96
- “Noah and his Sons,” religious play, 320
- Nobility, attitude to clergy, 136
- Norwich, Visitations of Diocese of, 43;
- Benedictine Cathedral Priory of, ibid.
- Nottinghamshire, chantries in, 401-402, 406
- Obits, 399 et seq.
- Œcolampadius, 184, 214
- “Open Bible,” 236, 246, 273, 275
- Orders, religious, their graduates at Oxford, 42;
- suggested alterations in constitutions, 129;
- hostility of Erasmus, 158
- Ordinations, proposed prohibition regarding, 63;
- abuses in, 107, 148;
- action by Convocation, 148-149;
- William de Melton on, 149-153, note;
- reformers on, 225, 232
- Oxford, Register of Graduates at, 41-42;
- refounding of Durham College at, 48;
- heresy at, 227;
- Constitution or Synod of, 238, 247, 280
- Pace, Richard, befriended by Bishop Langton, 33;
- his De Fructu, 33, note;
- at foreign universities, 34;
- the Pope’s library, ibid.;
- remarks on music, 35;
- indebtedness to Abbot Bere, 40;
- supports Greek studies, 177
- Pagula, Walter, 309
- Papal Commissions, 105, 439
- Papal jurisdiction, meaning of renunciation, 78;
- general acceptance, 79;
- books against, 101
- Papal prerogatives, in England, 52, 107-108;
- in France, 77
- Papal supremacy, 83 et seq.;
- rejection of, 90;
- English belief in, 93-95;
- rejection defended by Bishop Tunstall, 109;
- Erasmus on, 190, and note, 194-195
- Pardons, 124, 435 et seq.
- Parish churches, sanctuary privileges, 57;
- religious teaching in, 280 et seq.
- Parish life, 323 et seq.;
- devotion of people, 325;
- care of the churches, 328;
- raising of money, 340;
- brotherhoods, 347
- Parliament, legislation on mortuaries, 53, 141;
- and on immunity of clergy, 66;
- need for settlement of religious divisions, 60;
- suggested legislation, 55, 62, 71;
- right of legislation, 141;
- transfers powers of Convocation to Crown, 153;
- petition of Commons against spirituality, ibid.;
- authorises destruction of guilds, 380
- Paul III., Pope, 105, 439
- Paul IV., Pope, 438
- Payment for “Pardons,” 435 et seq.
- Peckham, or Pecham, Archbishop, 280, 286
- Penance, 282
- Pensions, 108, note
- Pensioners, university, 43
- Pepwell, publisher, 310, note
- Petition of House of Commons against spirituality, 153
- Pilgrimage of Perfection, quoted, 83
- Pilgrimages, State supervision urged, 62;
- objections to, 184, 293, 415;
- importance, 416;
- foreign, 416;
- to England, 418
- Pincern, Bartolomeo, 96
- Pinners, Guild of, 368-369
- Plays, mystery, 316 et seq., 342
- Pocket, the people’s, a clue to religious changes, 52
- Pole, Cardinal, 48, 107
- Politian, Angelo, 25, 28
- Pomeranus, 214
- Poor, right to benefices, 55;
- injury to by confiscations, 382, 402 et seq.;
- bequests to, 397-398
- Pope, Sir Thomas, 48
- Pope, the, and Sanctuary, 55 et seq.;
- pre-Reformation loyalty to, 79;
- powers in England before Reformation, 80 et seq.;
- spiritual and temporal power in conflict, 82;
- position as head of Church, 83 et seq.;
- rejection of his supremacy, 90;
- imprisoned, 94;
- English acceptance of his supremacy, 93-95;
- Constantine’s gift to, 95;
- wars of, 97;
- temporal power of, 97-100, 103-104;
- authority as Peter’s successor, 90, 99-100, 103;
- works against character of, 101-104;
- commission appointed by, 105;
- how deceived, ibid.;
- recommendations of commission, 107;
- sermon against, 109;
- object of attacks on, 110;
- Erasmus’s attitude to, 189-190, 193-195, 197;
- Erasmus’s satire on, 202, and note;
- refuses to grant Henry’s divorce, 208, and note
- Powell, Edward, theologian, quoted on papal supremacy, 85
- Power, spiritual and temporal, 70, 72-73, 82;
- dialogue on, 73 et seq., 98;
- the king’s, 75
- Praier and Complaynte of the Ploweman, 17, and note, 223
- Prayers, for Pope, 110;
- of clergy and religious, 131;
- Sir Thos. More on, 307;
- daily, 313;
- for the dead, 399
- Preaching at St Paul’s Cross, 67, 69;
- style of against Pope condemned, 92;
- in parish churches, 281, 283;
- more important than mass, 284-285
- “Prick song,” or part music, 12, 13
- “Primer,” the, 216, 223-224, 286
- Printing, responsible for spread of heresy, 213;
- religious works predominate in earliest, 315-316
- Psalter, the, 223-224
- Purgatory, 61, 225, 231, 387, 399, 405, 437
- Pynson, printer, 298
- Reformation, impossibility of writing history of, 3;
- revival of letters not due to, 7-8, 15;
- adverse effect on learning, 9, 20, 41 et seq.;
- English attitude to Pope prior to, 78-79;
- share of divorce question in, 208, and note;
- similar in England to Luther’s principles, 231;
- meaning, 82, 279;
- share of Wycliffe and Lollards in, 209 et seq.;
- effect upon church art, 331;
- and poverty, 358
- Relics, honour of, 415 et seq., 429 et seq.
- Religious, at universities, 42 et seq.;
- State interference, 61;
- abuses among, 108, note;
- reputed quarrels between, 116-117;
- evils in constitutions, 129;
- testimony to moral character, 137, note;
- Mr. Brewer cited on, 147;
- Erasmus on, 202
- Religious teaching, alleged neglect of, 278;
- Reformation not directly connected with, 279;
- extent and character, 280 et seq.;
- nature and effect, 288 et seq.;
- books used by clergy in, 309 et seq.;
- religious plays, 316 et seq.
- Renaissance, definition of, 14;
- in England, ibid.;
- earlier than generally supposed, 15
- Restitution, argued, 125;
- a case involving, 140
- Reuchlin, 180-181, 184, 186, 187
- Reverence of images, 289 et seq.
- Ridley, Lancelot, commentaries on Scriptures, 104, 111, and note, 273-274;
- on devotion to saints, 422-423;
- on pilgrimages and images, 424
- Roberts, John, his Mustre of scismatyke bysshops of Rome, 101, and note
- Rogers, Mr. Thorold, cited, 356 et seq., 360-361, 364, 403
- Rome, classical revival in, 203-206;
- sack of, 230;
- pilgrimages to, 416
- Roper, John, 102, note
- Roper, Mary and Margaret, 37, note, 41, note
- Roy, Friar, 215, 222
- Rule of life, daily, 286-287
- Rules of religious orders, suggested examination, 129
- Sacrament of the Altar, Dr. Richard Smythe on, 216-217, 273, note;
- Hytton on, 226
- Sacraments, English reformers on, 225, 231;
- attack on, 271
- Sadolet, Cardinal, 107, 108, note, 439
- Saint-German, Christopher, lawyer, 53, and note;
- attitude to Church, 53, 115;
- cited on mortuaries, 53, 140;
- on lands in mortmain and benefices, 54-55;
- on sanctuary and benefit, 55;
- on churchyards, 60;
- on clerical duties, ibid.;
- on need for State interference, ibid.;
- on Purgatory, 61;
- on State regulation of religious life, 61;
- and of matrimony, 62;
- on miracles, ibid.;
- on other debateable questions, 63;
- on tithes, ibid., 142;
- on power of clergy, 65;
- on king’s headship, ibid.;
- on clerical immunity, 69;
- on holidays, 71;
- his Salem and Bizance, 71, 115, 118;
- on position of clergy as individuals, 72;
- controversy with More, 115 et seq.;
- attacks on clergy, 119 et seq.;
- alleged mercenary spirit among clergy, 123;
- on election of abbots, 129;
- on constitutions of religious orders, ibid.;
- on causes of dislike of clergy by laity, 138;
- on indulgences, 435, 440
- Saints, reverence of images of, 289 et seq.;
- amount of honour due to, 304, 306, 308;
- devotion to, 423, and note, 431 et seq.
- Salem and Bizance, Saint-German’s Dyalogue of, 71, 115, 118, note, 122, 144
- Sanctuary, difficulty of the subject, 55;
- a danger to the State, ibid.;
- case of John Savage, 56 et seq.;
- Papal Bull granted to Henry VII., 56, note;
- the subject examined by Star Chamber, 58
- Savage, John, his plea of sanctuary, 56
- Scaliger, cited, 166
- Scholars, poor, bequests to, 396
- Screens, excellence of pre-Reformation work, 12
- Scripture, Holy, key of position of English reformers, 231;
- translations of, 234, 236 et seq.;
- study of advocated by Church, 244, 248, 275, note
- See of Rome, supremacy of, 79 et seq.
- Selby, chantries at, 411
- Selling, Prior William, birth and education, 24;
- real name, 24, and note;
- studies at foreign universities, 25;
- takes his degree in theology, 25;
- industrious book collector, 25;
- good work at Christchurch, 26;
- returns to Rome, 26, and note;
- establishes Greek at Christchurch, 27;
- as prior, 27, and note;
- member of an embassy to the Pope, 31, and note, 56, note;
- continued interest in literary revival, 31;
- Greek translation, 31;
- fate of his library, 32;
- influence, 33
- Sermo Exhortatorius, 149
- Sermons, Church, more important than the Mass, 283, 284-285
- Sharpe, Dr., 359
- Shrines, pilgrimages to, 416 et seq.
- Simony, clergy charged with, 146
- Slander and libel, jurisdiction pertaining to, 65
- Smith, Mr. Toulmin, on guilds, 364, 366, 381
- Smythe or Smith, Dr. Richard, 216, 272, 273, and note
- Social conditions before Reformation, 351 et seq.;
- case of the poor, 353
- Soul’s Garden, the, 214, note
- Sovereignty of the Pope, 97-100, 103-104, 107
- Spiritual power, temporal derived from, 70
- Spongia, the, of Erasmus, 187 et seq.
- Standish, Dr. Henry, on immunity of clergy, 67;
- charged before convocation, 67;
- on lesser orders, 68
- Standish, John, archdeacon, 234, 248, 249, note, 270, 271
- St. Giorgio, Venice, abbot of, 105
- St. John of Jerusalem, priory of, 56
- St. John the Baptist, head of, 430
- St. Paul’s Cross, preaching at, 67, 91;
- testaments burnt at, 245, 256, and note
- St. Peter, Catholic succession from, 90, note;
- vicarship, 99-100
- Star chamber, 58
- State, jurisdiction of, 51;
- right of interference in temporalities, 53, 60-64, 72;
- legislates concerning mortuaries, 53, 140;
- limits to State interference, 54;
- power claimed for, 55, 60-64;
- punishment by for spiritual offences, 65;
- protecting power of, 75;
- destruction of guilds by, 380-381
- Stokesley, William, 34
- Stubbs, Bishop, 354, 356
- Students, distress of at university, 46
- Sturmius, John, 105, 106, 107, note
- Suffolk, chantries in, 407
- Sunday, legal status of, 71
- Superstition, in devotion, 293, 297, 302;
- condemned, 314
- Supplication of Beggars, the, 213, 221
- Surtees Society, publications, 319
- Tailors, Guild of, 371
- Taverns, frequented by clergy, 151
- Teaching, religious. See Religious teaching
- Temporalities, right of State interference in, 53 et seq.;
- difference between and spiritual jurisdiction, 72;
- clearly defined in Spain, 76
- Temporal power, derived from spiritual, 70;
- of the Pope, 97-100, 103-104, 107
- Theologians, Erasmus’s satire on, 201
- Tithes, the lay and ecclesiastical cases, 63-64;
- Saint-German quoted on, 142
- Torkington, Sir Richard, rector of Mulbarton, 418
- Towneley Mysteries, the, 319
- Tradition and English Reformers, 231
- Translations, of Holy Scripture, 236 et seq.
- Trentals, 123, 124, 138, note
- Trevelyan, George Macaulay, cited, 240, note
- Trinity, feast of at Compostella, 217
- Trojans, opponents of Greek study, 35
- Tunstall, Bishop, 29, note, 34, and note, 109, 169, 175, note, 185, 198-199, 213, 214, note, 255, 256
- Tyll. See Selling
- Tyndale, More’s confutation of, 87-88, 118, 119, 136;
- charges clergy with immorality, 145;
- use of word congregation for church, 173, note;
- attribution of Enconium Moriæ to More, 202, note;
- books prohibited, 213;
- English Testament, 220;
- and other books, 220-223;
- advocates liberty, 228;
- influence, 231;
- English Testament condemned, 236, 243, 251, 255 et seq., 276;
- demand for his works, 250;
- birth and early life, 252;
- joins Luther, 252;
- Luther’s share in his Testament, 252 et seq.;
- his revised Testament, 260;
- More’s examination of his Testament, 260-270;
- on indulgences, 437
- Unity of pre-Reformation belief, 324
- Universities, effect of Reformation on, 9, 41 et seq.;
- monastic students at, 42 et seq.;
- poverty of students at after Reformation, 46
- Urban III., Pope, sanctuary grant of, 56
- Urbanus Regius, cited, 18, 19, note
- Urswick, Christopher, 32, note
- Valla, Laurence, 96
- Veneration of relics, 415, 429 et seq.;
- of saints, 431-432
- Venetian, a, cited on attitude of ecclesiastics to learning, 37;
- on religious condition of the English, 324;
- on beauty of English churches, 332
- Venice, Aldine press at, 160
- Venn, J., historian of Gonville College, quoted, 43-45
- Vicarages, appropriations of cancelled, 55
- Vives, Ludovico, scholar, 36, note, 37, 41, note
- Von Hutten, Ulrich, tract on Constantine’s donation to the Pope, 96;
- attacks on Erasmus, 186 et seq.
- Warham, Archbishop, 36, and note, 69, 112, 160, 161, 162, 168, 215, 258
- Waylande, John, printer, 232
- Welsh, vernacular devotional books for, 311, note
- Wesselius, 214
- Westacre, Augustinian priory of, 43
- Westminster, the abbot of, 58-59;
- pardon purchased for, 124;
- doles at, 132
- Wey, William, itineraries of, 416
- Whitford, Richard, 83, 232-233, 283, 305, 312
- Wills, ecclesiastical administration of, 65;
- pre-Reformation, 387 et seq.;
- bequests for pilgrimages, 416
- Winchcombe, abbot of, 67
- Winchester, wall paintings of Lady Chapel at, 11;
- fair at, 379
- Wolffgang, printer, 309
- Wolsey, Cardinal, attitude to revival of learning, 36;
- hears the Savage sanctuary case, 58;
- upholds rights of Crown, 68;
- opposes temporal punishments of clergy, ibid.;
- present at burning of books, 256, note
- Worcester, Tiptoft, Earl of, 23, and note
- Worcester, William, antiquary, 26, 27
- Work, definite, lack of among clergy, 137, note
- Worke entytled of the olde God and the new, 102, and note
- Wycliffe, share in Reformation, 209 et seq.;
- books prohibited, 214;
- origin of Wycliffite Scriptures, 237, 247
- Wyer, Robert, printer, 285
- Yorkshire, chantries in, 411
- Zwingle, books of prohibited, 213-214