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The Foundations of Science: Science and Hypothesis, The Value of Science, Science and Method

Chapter 179: FOOTNOTES
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About This Book

A series of essays examines foundations and methods of mathematics and physics, tracing how hypotheses, conventions, intuition, and logic shape scientific knowledge. Early sections analyze number, magnitude, and the construction of the continuum, and consider non-Euclidean geometries and the status of axioms. Later essays address mechanics, thermodynamics, electrodynamics, probability, optics, and modern physical theories, weighing experiment, mathematical formulation, and explanatory hypotheses. Reflections on mathematical creativity, the role of conventions, the objective value of science, and methodological guidance for future research and education tie the topics together, arguing that scientific principles mediate between experience and theoretical construction.


FOOTNOTES

[1] See Le Roy, 'Science et Philosophie,' Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale, 1901.

[2] With those contained in the special conventions which serve to define addition and of which we shall speak later.

[3] Revue de Métaphysique et de Morale, t. VI., pp. 1-13 (January, 1898).

[4] The following lines are a partial reproduction of the preface of my book Thermodynamique.

[5] This chapter is a partial reproduction of the prefaces of two of my works: Théorie mathématique de la lumière (Paris, Naud, 1889), and Électricité et optique (Paris, Naud, 1901).

[6] We add that U will depend only on the parameters q, that T will depend on the parameters q and their derivatives with respect to the time and will be a homogeneous polynomial of the second degree with respect to these derivatives.

[7] Etude sur les diverses grandeurs, Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1897.

[8] In place of saying that we refer space to axes rigidly bound to our body, perhaps it would be better to say, in conformity to what precedes, that we refer it to axes rigidly bound to the initial situation of our body.

[9] Because bodies would oppose an increasing inertia to the causes which would tend to accelerate their motion; and this inertia would become infinite when one approached the velocity of light.

[10] These considerations on mathematical physics are borrowed from my St. Louis address.

[11] I here use the word real as a synonym of objective; I thus conform to common usage; perhaps I am wrong, our dreams are real, but they are not objective.

[12] See Science and Hypothesis, chapter I.

[13] 'The Foundations of Logic and Arithmetic,' Monist, XV., 338-352.

[14] Second ed., 1907, p. 86; French ed., 1911, p. 97. G. B. H.

[15] Revue générale des sciences, June 30, 1905.

[16] In his article 'Le classi finite,' Atti di Torino, Vol. XXXII.

[17] At the moment of going to press we learn that M. Bucherer has repeated the experiment, taking new precautions, and that he has obtained, contrary to Kaufmann, results confirming the views of Lorentz.