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The Gary Schools

Chapter 18: IV ECONOMY OF PLAYGROUND MANAGEMENT IN GARY SCHOOL, AS CONTRASTED WITH PUBLIC PLAYGROUND
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About This Book

An examination of the experimental public-school system in Gary, Indiana, detailing a reorganization that blends progressive educational philosophy and administrative methods to address urban congestion and vocational demands. It outlines the model plant spanning kindergarten through high school, the integration of social centers and adult education, the development of practical and continuation courses, and the correlation of regular instruction with extracurricular activities to form a children’s community. The text analyzes economic management, supervision, and outcomes, cites investigations and reports, and considers how the plan has been adapted by other districts.

IV
 
ECONOMY OF PLAYGROUND MANAGEMENT IN GARY SCHOOL, AS CONTRASTED WITH PUBLIC PLAYGROUND

Superintendent Wirt, at the meeting of the Department of Superintendence of the National Education Association, St. Louis, February, 1912 spoke as follows:—

We have not utilized the school plants completely unless they are used for recreation and social centers by adults. Fortunately, a school plant that provides for the constructive play and recreation activities of children is also most admirably adapted for similar activities with adults. The playground, gymnasiums, swimming-pools, auditorium, club and social rooms, library, shops, laboratories, etc., make a complete social and recreation center for adults. Experience has demonstrated that the facilities for academic instruction add also to the attractiveness of the plant as a social and recreation center.

Compared with the cost of such facilities and their use when separated from the school plant, the economy of the combined playground, workshop, and school plant is indeed surprising. The city of Chicago has a most elaborate system of recreation parks and field-houses. Selecting the eleven most successful parks of the South Park Commission, we may compare the total cost and use of the eleven parks with the cost and use of one Gary school plant. Note that the attendance of the parks is the total, not the average, for the eleven parks. Also note that the cost of the school includes the furnishing of complete school facilities for twenty-seven hundred children, in addition to the social and recreation features.

Chicago parks and Gary school compared as to costs

Items
Total for eleven parks in Chicago
One school in Gary
Population 800,000 20,000
First cost, less land $2,000,000 $300,000
Annual maintenance $440,000 $100,000
Annual attendance:—    
Indoor gymnasium 310,000 1,000,000
Shower baths 1,385,000 500,000
Outdoor gymnasium 2,000,000 2,000,000
Swimming-pool 735,000 300,000
Assembly halls 270,000 1,000,000
Reading-rooms 600,000 1,000,000
Clubrooms 70,000 50,000
Lunchrooms 520,000 20,000