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The Gates of India: Being an Historical Narrative

Chapter 24: FOOTNOTES
By Sir Thomas Hungerford Holdich
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About This Book

This work traces the historical interplay between geography and events along India's western and northwestern approaches, assessing ancient land and possible maritime routes and reassessing the location of frontier cities. It synthesizes classical, Arab, and later travel narratives with on-the-ground observations to reconcile textual accounts with physical terrain, critiques the limits of recent surveys, and restores value to older exploratory records. The narrative blends descriptive geography with historical reconstruction, proposes hypotheses about routes and gates into the subcontinent, and emphasizes the importance of contemporary mapping methods alongside eyewitness reports.

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Printed by R. & R. Clark, Limited, Edinburgh

FOOTNOTES

[1] Ancient India, "Invasion by Alexander the Great." Appendix.

[2] The late Sir H. Deane.

[3] Indus Delta Country, 1894.

[4] Buddhist Records of the Western World, vol. i. p. 27.

[5] Joubert's translation.

[6] Adraskand is mentioned as "a little place with cultivation, gardens, and plenty of sweet water," and as one of the four towns under the domination of Asfaran. This corresponds fairly well with the modern town of Kila Adraskand of the same name. On the same southern route from Herat, undoubtedly, was "Malin Herat, at one day's journey, a town surrounded by gardens." The picturesque ruins of the bridge called the Pul-i-Malun, across the Hari Rud, on the Kandahar road, is evidence of the former existence of a town of Malun, of which no trace remains to-day, but which must have corresponded very closely with Rozabagh.

[7] Talikhan in modern maps.

[8] Now Colonel the Hon. M. G. Talbot, R.E.

[9] The name or term Bot is locally applied now to certain Himalayan districts as well as to Tibet.

[10] Selections from Travels and Journals preserved in the Bombay Secretariat, Forrest, 1908.

[11] Now Sir Hugh Barnes and Sir Henry MacMahon, one a past, and the other the present, Agent for the Governor-General in Baluchistan.

[12] The latest reports indicate that there is now a road fit for motor traffic between Kabul and Afghan Turkistan, as well as between Kabul and Badakshan.

[13] Afghan Turkistan and Badakshan are now said to be connected with Kabul by good motor roads.