The Great Lord Burghley: A study in Elizabethan statecraft

INDEX

A’Lasco, his visit to England, 29
Alba, Duke of, 77, 204, 219, 223-224, 227, 245, 249, 258, 265, 282, 288
Alençon, Duke of, his relations with the Flemings, 319, 323, 328, 335, 344, 349, 354-356, 358-359, 360-362, 363-370, 372-373, 379, 382
Alençon, Duke of, suggestions of marriage with Elizabeth, 266-267, 269, 274-275, 288-290, 303, 324-327, 328-341, 344, 349, 3 53-354, 358-359, 362-370, 379;
death of, 384
Alford, Roger, 39
Allington, 232, 249
Alterennes, seat of the Cecil family, 7
Amboise, Treaty of, 136
Andrada, a spy in the Lopez plot, 468
Anglican Church, uniformity in, 78, 139, 144, 160, 163, 166, 290-291, 367, 387
Anjou, Duke of (Henry III.), proposed marriage with Elizabeth, 252-253, 266, 279
Antonio, Don, Portuguese Pretender, 344, 356, 358, 361, 395, 403, 411, 422, 435, 467
Aquila, Bishop of, Spanish Ambassador, 80, 81, 88, 93, 100, 109, 111, 127-128, 130, 136-137, 142;
death of, 147
Archduke, the, suggested marriage with Elizabeth, 77, 80, 88, 103, 155-157, 160, 168-170, 173-174, 181, 188, 199, 207
Armada, the, 402, 411, 423, 427, 431, 433-434
Arran, Earl of, 85-86, 88, 114, 126
Arundel, Earl of, 36, 65, 72, 99, 174, 180, 225, 230, 238
Arundell, Charles, 415
Ascham, Roger, 9;
appointed tutor to Princess Elizabeth, 12, 13, 62
Audley, Lord, his remedies for gout, 37
Babington plot, 402-405
Bacon, Antony, 450, 458
Bacon, Francis, 450, 458;
his attempts to obtain the Attorney-Generalship, 469
Bacon, Lady, 45, 61, 460
Bacon, Sir Nicholas, 9, 61, 71, 79, 138, 192, 273, 294, 373
Baden, Margravine of, Cecilia of Sweden, 174
Bailly, Charles, 258-259
Balfour, Sir James, 295
Ballard, agent in the Babington plot, 403-404
Barker, 257
Barrow, a Brownist leader, 459
Beale, Clerk of the Council, 378, 381, 403, 411, 420
Beaton, 213
Beaton, Cardinal, 15
Beaumont, 36
Beauvoir de Nocle, envoy from Henry of Navarre, 442-444, 461
Bedford, Countess of, 61
Bedford, Earl of, 19, 61, 66-67, 71, 79, 99, 106, 110, 327, 382
Bellièvre Pomponne de, sent to England about Mary Stuart’s condemnation, 412-413, 415
Berchamstow granted to Cecil, 47
Bertie, Francis, 51
Bill, Dr., 9
Biron, Marshal de, 379, 382
Bôchetel de la Forest, French Ambassador, 188, 205, 221-222
Bodley, Sir Thomas, sent to the States, 473
Bonner, Bishop, 18, 23, 50
Borough, Sir John, 423-424
Boston, W. Cecil appointed Recorder of, 32
Bothwell, Earl of, 179, 180, 193-196
Boulogne, 15, 18, 24
Bourne, Lincolnshire, birthplace of Lord Burghley, 6, 8
Bowes, Robert, 378
Boxall, Dr., 206, 223, 224
Briant, Father, 367
Brille, capture of, 264-265
Briquemault, Condé’s envoy to Elizabeth, 136
Brisson, French envoy, 355
Brittany, Spaniards in, 444, 447, 465, 466, 473
Bromley, Lord Chancellor, 365, 408, 419
Brownists, 459
Bruce, Robert, 395
Buckhurst, Lord, 411
Buiz, Paul, 305, 306, 307
Burghley, Lady, 50, 61, 189, 292;
death of, 438
Burghley, Lord, birth of, 5;
pedigree, 6;
education, 8;
at Cambridge, 9;
first marriage, 10;
his first recommendation to Henry VIII., 11, 12;
custos brevium, 14;
Master of Requests to Somerset, 14;
present at the battle of Pinkie, 16;
secretary to Somerset, 16;
grants to, 18;
his attitude on the downfall of the Protector, 19-22, 28-31;
sent to the Tower, 22;
appointed Secretary of State, 24;
his character, 25;
his attitude towards Northumberland’s foreign policy, 27;
knighted, 31;
Recorder of Boston, 32;
his report upon the Emperor’s demand for help, 33;
his care for English commerce, 35;
illness of, in the last days of Edward VI., 37;
grant of Combe Park, 37;
made Chancellor of the Garter, 37;
his attitude towards Queen Mary’s succession, 38-43;
his justification to Mary, 40-46;
grants to him during Edward’s reign, 47;
splendour of his household, 47;
his love of books, 48;
patronage of learning, 49;
his liveries, 50;
conforms to Catholicism, 52;
brings Pole to England, 55;
accompanies him to Calais, 56;
represents Lincolnshire in Parliament, 57;
his action in favour of the Protestants, 58-59;
his habits, 60;
his devotion to his wife, 61;
his connections with Princess Elizabeth, 62-63;
his position on the succession of Elizabeth, 66-67;
his first arrangements for Elizabeth’s government, 69;
his foreign policy on the accession, 72-73, 76-77;
his action in passing the Acts of Supremacy and Uniformity, 78;
Spanish plan to bribe him, 79;
his approaches to Spain, 81;
his Scottish policy, 82, 85, 86, 88;
war with Scotland, 91-94;
arranges the terms of peace in Edinburgh, 95-96;
court intrigue against him, 99;
checkmates Dudley, 103, 105;
the suggestion as to the Council of Trent, 107-109;
proceedings against Catholics, 111;
his counsel to Knox, 115;
his attitude towards Mary Stuart, 116;
his numerous activities, 117;
against piracy, 118;
his assertion of English right to trade, 119;
distress at his son’s conduct, 120-125;
his attitude towards the Huguenots, 128-129, 132-133;
his relations with the Bishop of Aquila, 130-131, 136-138;
distrust of the French, 142;
his activity in defensive measures, 144;
his interest in mineralogy, 144;
appointed Master of the Court of Wards, 145;
his action as Chancellor of Cambridge University, 145-146;
his character, 150;
Dudley’s intrigues against him, 152-153;
renewed approaches to Spain, 154-157;
continued intrigues of Dudley, 158, 160, 164-165;
his conditions for the Archduke’s match, 169, 174;
his distrust of Catholic interference in Scotland, 175;
his support of Murray, 176-177;
his connection with the murder of Rizzio, &c., 179-180;
urges the Archduke’s match, 181-182;
again approaches the Spaniards, 183;
with the Queen at Oxford, 186;
visited by the Queen at Burghley, 187;
dispute with Leicester, 187;
urges the Archduke’s match, 189, 190;
opposes the Netherlands revolt, 190;
his reception of the news of Darnley’s murder, 192-194, 197;
again approaches Spain, 198;
his attitude towards Murray, 201-202;
again leans to the Protestants, 206-207;
renewed severity towards Catholics, 210-212;
letter from Mary Stuart to him, 216;
his treatment of her, 218;
aids the Huguenots, 221-222;
his rebuke to De Spes, 228;
Leicester’s plot against him, 231;
magnanimous treatment of his enemies, 238;
his despair, 248;
visits Mary at Chatsworth, 248;
made a peer, 254;
his activities, 255;
his mode of life, 255-256;
Ridolfi plot and expulsion of De Spes, 256-263;
execution of Norfolk, 268;
entertains the French envoys, 269;
urges the measures in Parliament against Mary, 271;
serious illness of, 271;
action after St. Bartholomew, 278-279;
approaches Spain again, 280;
negotiations with De Guaras, 280-283;
suggests sending Mary to Scotland, 285-286;
his conditions for the Alençon match, 289;
religious anxieties, 290-291;
his household, 292-293;
interview with Mary at Buxton, 294;
book against him, 294-295;
renewed approaches to Spain, 296-305;
his anger at the Flushing pirates, 305-306;
visit to Buxton, 311-312;
his moderating influence, 320-321;
in semi-retirement, 327;
his attitude towards the Alençon match, 330-335;
his foreign policy as an alternative of the Alençon match, 336-340;
efforts in favour of peace, 343-344;
opposes the retention of Drake’s plunder, 346-348;
approaches to France, 351-352;
entertains the embassy, 352;
details of the feast, 353;
his review of the political situation, 353-354;
his attitude towards Alençon, 363;
renewed approach to Spain, 365;
his treatment of the Jesuits, 367-368;
fresh predominance of the Protestant party, 372-373;
demands new Councillors of his party, 374;
wishes to retire, 379-380;
his attitude towards the Throgmorton plot, 384;
his review of foreign policy, 385;
his attitude towards the religious controversy, 387-390;
his relations with Dr. Parry, 391-392;
slandered by the Leicester party, 393;
his kindness to Mary Stuart, 394;
his relations with Leicester in the Netherlands, 396-401;
his conduct towards Mary Stuart after the Babington plot, 404-409;
fresh approach to Spain, 411-412;
intrigues against him, 416;
his conduct towards Davison, 417-422;
his attitude towards Drake’s Cadiz expedition, 424-426;
negotiations for peace with Spain, 425, 427-428, 429-432;
organises the defence of England, 429, 432-434;
visits the camp at Tilbury, 433;
his troop of soldiers, 433 note;
his share in the Lisbon expedition, 436-438;
death of his wife and his meditations thereon, 438-439;
change of policy, 440-442;
opposition of Essex, 445-446, 450;
Spenser’s accusation of jealousy, 454;
grant of Rockingham Forest, 455;
his devotion to duty, 455;
persistent attacks upon him, 456-457;
his influence on the religious controversy, 459;
his son to succeed him, 463-464;
his cautious influence on the war-party, 465-466;
his attitude in the Lopez plot, 468-470;
description of him by Standen, 471;
by Sir Michael Hicks, 472;
renewed distrust of the French, 473;
a scheme of national defence, 474;
continued illness, 475;
ill-disposed towards France, 477;
Essex’s attempt to force his hands, 478-479;
his disagreement with the Queen, 479;
his attitude towards Essex’s attempt to relieve Calais, 480;
towards “the islands voyage,” 484-486;
his negotiations with De Maisse, 490-491;
strives for peace with Spain to the last, 494-495;
results of his national policy, 494;
funeral, 496;
appreciation of his character, 497-498
Burghley, Lord, his diary, 5, 22, 24, 37, 55, 59, 61, 83, 185, 187, 194, 272, 432, 439
Burghley House, 47, 188-189, 327
Cadiz, Drake’s attack upon, 423-424
Calais, loss of, 64, 72-73, 75-76
Calais, restitution of, claimed, 198, 208, 369, 478
Calais, capture of, by the Spaniards, 479-480
Cambridge University, 9, 15, 145-146, 290
Campion, Father, 367
Cannon Row, Burghley’s house at, 31, 60, 66, 120, 256
Carbery Hill, 196
Carew, Arthur, 228
Carew, Sir Peter, 95
Carrack, the great (Madre de Dios), 452-453
Cartwright, leader of the Puritans, 290
Castelnau de la Mauvissière, 175, 277, 341-343
Cateau-Cambresis, peace of, 76, 80
Catharine de Medici, 10, 92, 128, 133, 142, 154, 157, 166, 213, 221-222, 251, 266, 273, 297, 326, 341, 369, 384, 413
Catharine of Aragon, 3, 4, 7
Catholic plots against Elizabeth and Burghley, 225, 244, 256-259, 270, 317, 364-366, 371, 376, 383-384, 389, 390-392, 402-405, 422, 450, 456, 470
Cavalcanti, Guido, 73, 75, 232, 251, 267
Cave, Sir Ambrose, 71
Cecil, David, grandfather of Burghley, 7
Cecil, Mrs., 293, 427
Cecil, Richard, Burghley’s great-grandfather, 6
Cecil, Richard, Burghley’s father, 7, 8, 37
Cecil, Sir Robert, 433, 437-438, 445, 450, 453-454, 454 note, 457-458, 461-464, 466-470, 475, 479-480, 482-483, 486;
his mission to France, 491-493
Cecil, Thomas, birth of, 10;
his journey to Paris, 120-122;
his bad conduct, 122-125, 327, 336, 433;
quarrel with his brother, 454
Cecil (or Burghley) House, in the Strand, 269;
grand banquet at, to the French envoys, 352-353, 411, 442, 476;
Burghley’s last days there, 494-495
Chark, a preacher at Cambridge, 291
Charles V., 3, 4, 13, 27, 32, 33, 53
Charles IX., King of France, 157, 166-168, 188, 205, 250, 273, 297;
death of, 298
Chartres, Vidame of, 73, 133, 137, 251, 279
Chastelard, 143
Chateauneuf de l’Aubespine, French Ambassador, 407, 413, 416
Chatillon, Cardinal, 221, 244, 251
Cheke, Mary, marriage with W. Cecil, 10;
her death, 11
Cheke, Sir John, 9;
appointed tutor to Edward VI., 12, 14, 31, 32, 38, 45;
exiled, 51;
lured to England, conforms and dies, 58
Chester, Colonel, 301, 302, 307
Clerivault, a messenger of Mary Stuart, 194
Clinton, Lord Admiral, 31, 47, 66, 99, 269, 327, 365
Cobham, Lord, 16, 60, 208, 221, 258
Cobham, Sir Henry, sent to Spain, 302;
sent to France, 381
Cobham, Thomas, 258
Coinage, Burghley’s care of, 28, 117
Coligny, 106, 110, 133, 136, 183, 206, 221, 242, 270
Combe Park granted to Cecil, 37
Commerce, Burghley’s care of, 35, 118, 151, 183, 211, 283, 338, 345
Commercial war with Spain, 151-153, 158, 227, 280-283
Condé, Prince of, 127-128, 133, 136, 154, 157, 204, 221, 225;
killed, 242
Condé, Prince of, the younger, 278, 297, 342-343
Cooke, Sir Anthony, W. Cecil’s father-in-law, 12, 14;
exiled by Mary, 51, 58, 61
Cooke, Mildred, married to W. Cecil, 12
Cornwall, Spaniards land in, 474
Courtney, Earl of Devonshire, 50-51
Courtney, Sir William, 59
Cranmer, 14, 19-21, 32, 53, 57
Creighton, Father, 366, 389
Crofts, Sir James, 347, 365, 372, 374, 424, 430-431, 444
Curll, Mary Stuart’s secretary, 404
Dacre, Lord, 234
Dale, Dr., English Ambassador in France, 290
Danett, Thomas, sent to Vienna, 188-189
Darcy, Lord, 240
Darcy, Sir Thomas, 14
Darnley, 93, 130, 144, 161, 163, 171-72, 173, 179-180, 181-182, 192-193
D’Aubigny (Lennox), 341, 354, 364-366, 371, 376
Davison, William, 378, 399;
his connection with the execution of Mary Stuart, 417-422;
Essex proposes him for Secretary of State, 445
De Cossé, Marshal, 298, 303
De Maineville, Guisan envoy to Scotland, 376-377
De Maisse, Henry IV.’s envoy to Elizabeth, proposes peace with Spain, 489-491
Deeping granted to Cecil, 47
Dering, Edward, Lecturer at St. Paul’s, 291
Doughty, Lord Burghley’s agent with Drake, 346-347
Douglas, Archibald, 414
Drake, Sir Francis, his voyage round the world, 346-348;
the question of his plunder, 358, 365;
his expeditions to aid Don Antonio, &c., 361, 422, 436-438;
his expedition to Santo Domingo, &c., 395-396, 402;
his attack upon Cadiz, 423-425;
urges reprisals against Spain, 465;
his last expedition, 470, 474-475
Dreux, battle of, 135
Drury, Sir William, 215, 295, 300
Drury, Thomas, 19
Dudley, Guildford, 38
Dudley, Lady Robert, 101
Dudley, Lord Robert. See Leicester
Durham Place, 38, 44, 128, 137;
the Spanish Ambassador expelled, 138;
Cecilia of Sweden lodged there, 174
Dymoke, Sir Edward, champion, 51
Edmunds, Sir Thomas, 393, 479
Edward VI., 12-13;
his appeal for Somerset, 20;
betrothed to Elizabeth of Valois, 24;
his journal, 33;
his will, 38;
death of, 43;
his educational foundations prompted by Cecil, 49
Egmont, Count, 138, 204
Elizabeth, Princess, 12, 49;
enters London with Mary, 50, 51, 52, 62, 63;
proposals for marriage of, 63-64, 65;
her accession, 66
Elizabeth, Queen, her accession, 66-68;
suggestions for marriage, 75, 76-77;
her first religious measures, 78, 79, 80;
proposal for marriage to Nemours, 84;
with Arran, 85;
with the Archduke, 80, 88;
with the Prince of Sweden, 89-90;
war with Scotland, 91-96;
talk of marriage with Dudley, 100-103;
her religious intrigues with Spain, 104-105, 111;
fears of plots to poison, 111;
her distrust of Mary Stuart, 113;
illness of, 117;
her attitude towards the Darnley match, 132;
aids the Huguenots, 133;
falls ill of smallpox, 134;
anger at Condé’s defection, 136;
her anger with Parliament on the succession question, 141;
visits Cambridge University, 147;
renewed approaches to Spain, 157;
suggested marriage with Charles IX., 157, 166-168;
approaches to the Catholics, 165;
her attitude towards the Darnley match, 172-173;
her reception of Murray, 176-177;
renewed approach to Leicester, 181;
her reception of the news of James Stuart’s birth, 185-186;
illness of, 186;
visits Oxford, 186-187;
renewal at Burghley House of negotiations for marriage with Charles IX., 188-189;
her anger with Parliament respecting the succession, 191;
her reception of the news of Darnley’s murder, 192-193;
condemns the rising in the Netherlands, 198;
her attitude towards Murray, 202;
towards the Catholics, 209;
removes Mary from Carlisle, 217;
aids the Huguenots, 221-222;
seizure of the Spanish treasure, 227;
her treatment of Norfolk, 231-241, 246;
her danger, 242, 247-248;
suggestions for marriage with Anjou, 251-253;
Ridolfi plot, 256-263;
alliance with France, 264-267;
in favour of Mary Stuart, 270-271;
receives the news of St. Bartholomew, 275;
progress in Kent, 293;
approaches to Spain, 299-300;
projected war with Henry III., 301;
refuses aid to Orange, 303-305;
rejects the sovereignty of Holland, 304;
her treatment of Burghley, 310;
her reception of Mendoza, 320;
her difficulty with Alençon, 330-332;
interview with Condé, 342;
danger of war, 350;
her relations with France and Alençon, 353-362;
her parsimony, 361-362;
pledges herself to Alençon, 363;
her trouble to get rid of him, 368-370;
negotiations with Mary Stuart, 378;
letter to Burghley, 380;
assumes the Protectorship of the Netherlands, 396;
her rage at Leicester’s conduct there, 399-401;
her treatment of Mary after the Babington plot, 404-408;
her answers to Parliament, 410;
her reception of French and Scotch remonstrances, 412-415;
her conduct in the execution of Mary Stuart, 417-422;
her perplexity, 426-429;
anger with Essex for going to Lisbon, 437-438;
her aid to Henry of Navarre, 442-444;
anger with Essex, 448-450;
dangerous position, 451-452;
anger at Henry IV.’s conversion, 461;
fears of attack from Spain, 465-466;
anger with Essex about Lopez, 470;
her anger with the Hollanders, 473;
Drake’s last voyage, 474;
her policy towards Henry of Navarre, 478;
her hesitation to relieve Calais, 479-480;
her fickleness about Essex’s Cadiz voyage, 481;
about “the islands voyage,” 484-486;
her anger with Essex, 486-487;
her indignation at Henry IV. for entering into peace negotiations with Spain, 489-493;
urges the States to stand firm, 493;
grief at the death of Burghley, 495-496
Elizabeth of Valois marries Philip II., 76, 84
English Jesuit party in favour of Spain, 456-457, 467, 470
English troops in France against the League, 443-444, 466
Erasmus at Cambridge, 9
Essex, Earl of (Robert Devereux), 421, 435, 443, 445, 448, 449, 450-451, 454, 457-458, 460-462, 466-467, 472-473, 477;
his plan to force war with Spain, 478-480;
his attempt to relieve Calais, 480;
his expedition to Cadiz, 482-483;
“the islands voyage,” 484-486;
retires from court, 486-487;
urges war with Spain, 493;
attends Burghley’s funeral, 496
Essex, Lady, marriage with Leicester, 332
Farnese, Alexander, 316, 318, 328;
peace negotiations with England, 425-432
Felton, 243
Fère, La, siege of, 477
Feria, Duke of, Spanish Ambassador, 65-67, 72-73, 76-77
Fitzwilliam sent to Spain, 260
Flanders, revolt against the Spaniards in, 133, 184, 189, 204, 209, 219, 224, 229, 242, 245, 264-265, 273, 283-285, 303-307, 313-319, 320-321, 325, 328, 335, 359, 370-373, 379, 382-385, 395-401, 411, 422, 488-489
Foix, De, French Ambassador, 157, 158, 166, 169-170, 175, 265, 269
Foreign policy of England, 4, 26, 33, 46, 64, 72-73, 74, 80-81, 85, 88, 91-92, 112-114, 128-129, 136-138, 154-155, 166-168, 175-176, 182, 198-200, 205, 211, 219, 223-224, 228-229, 256-263, 269, 273-279, 280-283, 300-303, 308, 322, 328-329, 336-337, 353-354, 370, 379, 383-384, 385, 395-396, 407, 411-412, 426, 440-444, 473, 488-493
France, civil wars in, 126, 133-136, 205, 221, 242, 251, 273, 276-279, 297, 300-303, 319, 342-343;
wars of the League, 442-444, 447, 461-480
Francis I., 13
Francis II., King of France, 92;
death of, 106
French embassy to England (1581), 351-359
French influence in Scotland, 15, 82, 91-92, 94-96, 107, 132, 144, 175, 198, 213, 217, 243, 285, 326, 365, 378
Frobisher, death of, 466
Gama, a spy in the Lopez plot, 468
Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester, 14, 23, 29-30, 50
Garrard, Sir William, 118
Gemblours, battle of, 318
German mercenaries, 301-302
Gifford, agent in the Babington plot, 403-404
Gilbert, Sir Humphrey, 283
Glajon, De, his mission from Philip to Elizabeth, 93
Glasgow, Archbishop of, exhorts Mary to clear herself, 195, 285, 367
Gondi, 323
Gonson, Controller of the Navy, 118
Gout, curious remedies for, 37, 293 note
Granvelle, De, 77, 172
Gray, Master of, 394, 411, 414, 417
Gray’s Inn, Burghley a student at, 11
Greenwood, a Brownist leader, 459
Grenville, Sir Richard, 449 note
Gresham, Sir Thomas, 221
Grey, Catharine, 93, 134, 140, 192
Grey, Lady Jane, 36, 38, 43, 44
Grey, Lord, 73, 374, 429
Grey, Lord John, 60, 91, 99
Grimstone, Mr., 447
Grindall, Archbishop, 387
Guaras, Antonio de, Spanish agent, 248, 271, 280-283, 296, 299, 302, 308, 318
Guise, Francis, Duke of, 126
Guise, Henry, Duke of, 299, 341, 359, 371, 381, 383-384, 411;
murder of, 440
Guzman de Silva, Spanish Ambassador, 152, 158, 165, 170-171, 174-175, 181-182, 190, 192-194, 199, 201, 210-212, 219
Haddon, Dr., 9
Hales, Sir John, 39
Hampton Court, 19, 469, 471
Hatfield, 5, 6, 51, 65-66, 120, 255
Hatton, Sir Christopher, 292, 321, 329, 334, 336, 347, 364-365, 369-370, 372, 374, 399, 408, 419, 424
Havre de Grace, 133-134, 142, 190
Hawkins, John, 204, 344-345, 361, 452, 465, 475;
lays a trap for Philip, 260-261
Heath, Archbishop of York, 66, 71
Heckington, William, grandfather of Burghley, 8
Heneage, Sir Thomas, 399-401
Henry II. of France, 27, 75;
death of, 84
Henry III. of France, 297-298, 303, 313, 325, 328, 359, 370-371, 379, 384-385;
his attitude towards Mary Stuart’s trial and execution, 407, 412-414, 416;
his fear of the Guises, 426, 440;
rallies to the Huguenots, 440;
murder of, 441
Henry of Navarre, 278, 297, 301, 303, 342, 385, 440-444, 447-449, 461, 465-466, 473, 477-480, 488;
makes peace with Spain, 488-493
Henry VIII., 4;
favours W. Cecil, 11-12;
his death, 13
Herbert, Lord, 19
Herll, 306-307, 314
Herries, Lord, 215, 262
Hertford, Earl of, 140, 192
Hertford, Earl of. See Somerset
Hoby, Lady, 234
Hoby, Sir Philip, betrays Somerset, 20;
friendly with Cecil, 60
Hoby, Sir Thomas, English Ambassador in France, 187
Holt, Father, 366, 456
Horn, Bishop of Winchester, 109
Horn, Count, 204
Howard, Lady, 193
Howard, Lord Thomas, 484, 485
Howard, Lord William, 66, 72, 99
Howard of Effingham, 187, 370, 417, 429, 465, 475, 480-481;
Earl of Nottingham, 486
Huguenots. See France, civil wars in
Hume, Lord, 295
Humphreys, Dr. Laurence, 186-187
Hunsdon, Lord, 245, 370, 403, 429
Huntingdon, Earl of, 101-102, 134, 140
Huntly, Earl of, 180
Ireland, Papal intrigues in, 111, 243, 247, 317, 335, 348, 355, 357-358, 374, 474
Ivry, battle of, 444
James VI., his birth, 185;
coronation, 202;
Catholic plans to kidnap him, 296;
English mission to, 378, 380-382;
sends the Master of Gray to England, 394;
alliance with England, 403;
his remonstrance with Elizabeth at Mary’s condemnation, 414;
attempts of Catholics to convert him, 426;
his alliance with England, 441;
again listens to the Catholics, 451, 465;
Essex’s attitude towards him, 466
Juan, Don, 313-316, 318
Keith, Sir William, 414
Kent, Earl of (Reginald Grey), 419
Killigrew, 199, 285, 286, 419
Kingston, Sir Anthony, 59
Kirkaldy of Grange, 262, 285, 295
Knollys, Henry, 228
Knollys, Sir Francis, 71, 79, 187, 192, 217, 218, 334, 365, 367, 372, 382, 388, 392, 403
Knox, John, 86, 114-115, 287
Knyvett, Sir Henry, 228
La Mark, capture of Brille by, 264-265
La Mole, French envoy, 274-275
La Mothe Fénélon, French Ambassador, 252, 275-277, 376-377
La Motte, Spanish Governor of Gravelines, 300
La Noue, Huguenot leader, 136, 443
Langside, battle of, 214
Latimer, 57
League, the Catholic, 154, 157, 199-200, 205, 251, 265, 273, 277, 288, 326, 371, 442-444, 447, 461-466
Leicester, Earl of, 70, 87, 90, 99, 100, 112, 132, 135-136, 138, 152, 157-158, 159, 161, 163-164, 165, 167-170, 174, 181, 186-187, 191-192, 231, 249, 252, 282, 286, 291-292, 296, 307-309, 311, 317, 320, 322, 324, 327, 329, 330-332, 334, 336, 340, 342-343, 347, 352, 356, 359, 363-364, 365, 368-370, 372-374, 382-384, 386, 388, 392-393, 395-401, 406, 411, 416, 418, 423, 429-430, 433;
death of, 434-435
Leith, siege of, 93-96
Lennox, Lady Margaret, 114, 127, 130, 143, 171, 175, 182, 193
Lennox, the Regent, 130, 195, 248, 285
Lincoln, Lord. See Clinton
Lisbon, the English expedition to, 436-438
Liturgy, Cecil aids Cranmer in settling, 32
Livingston sent to Scotland, 248
Lochleven, 196
Longjumeau, peace of, 221
Lopez, Dr. Ruy, 467-470
Lorraine, Cardinal, 83, 113, 154, 171, 178, 205, 222, 251, 285, 288
Lumley, Lord, 232, 234
Maitland of Lethington, 113-114, 126, 132, 141-144, 171, 285
Man, Dr. English, Ambassador in Spain, 210, 263
Mary, Queen, 17, 23, 30, 36;
her succession, 38-43, 46, 50;
coronation of, 51;
her marriage, 53;
her reign, 53-65;
her death, 66
Mary of Lorraine, 15, 17;
death of, 95
Mary Queen of Scots, 15;
to marry Edward VI., 15;
to marry the Dauphin, 17, 75, 78, 82-83, 85-86, 92-93;
refuses to ratify the peace of Edinburgh, 106;
intrigues for her marriage, 112-113;
arrives in Scotland, 113-115;
her approaches to Elizabeth, 131-132;
her claims to the succession, 140-142;
proposal to marry Don Carlos, 142-143;
suggested marriage with Leicester, 162;
with Darnley, 170-171;
her approaches to Spain, 171-173, 175, 184;
suspicions of her complicity in the murder of Darnley, 193-198;
Lochleven, 196;
the casket letters, 201;
appeals to Elizabeth and France, 213;
escapes to England, 214;
her interview with Knollys, 216-217;
removed from Carlisle, 217;
the Commission at York, 219;
her approaches to Spain, 223;
English plots in her favour, 225-246;
Elizabeth negotiates for her release, 247-250;
leans entirely on Spain, 256-257;
her connection with the Ridolfi plot, 261;
suggestion to send her to Scotland, 286;
goes to Buxton, 293;
adheres entirely to Spain, 341;
approaches to D’Aubigny’s government, 364-366;
Spanish-Jesuit plot in her favour, 371, 376;
her negotiations with Elizabeth, 378, 381;
sent to Tutbury, 394;
sends Nau to Elizabeth, 394;
her letters intercepted, 395;
disinherits James in favour of Philip, 402;
her connection with the Babington plot, 404;
removed to Tixhall, 404;
to Fotheringay, 407;
her trial, 408-409;
condemned and sentenced, 409-410;
executed, 417, 420
Mason, Sir John, 26, 27, 99;
Mathias, Archduke, 315, 318
Maurice of Saxony, 13, 32
Mayenne, Duke of, 444
Maynard, Sir Thomas, 475
Melancthon, 9
Melvil, Sir Andrew, 408
Melvil, Sir James, 161-162, 185, 192
Melvil, Sir Robert, 182, 184, 415
Mendoza, Spanish Ambassador, 319, 324, 326-327, 339, 348, 356, 363-364, 366, 372-373, 376, 378, 381-382, 402-404, 411, 423
Mercœur, Duke of, 443
Mewtys, Sir Peter, 106, 130
Mildmay, Sir Walter, 248, 350, 381, 407, 435
Monluc, Bishop of Valence, 95
Montagu, Chief-Justice, 38
Montgomerie, Count de, 84, 133, 206, 278-279, 297
Montmorenci, Constable, 81, 84, 269, 299, 303
Morette, the Duke of Savoy’s agent, 194
Morgan, Thomas, 395, 402
Morice, a Puritan Parliament man, 459
Morton, Earl of, Regent, 285, 295, 324, 341;
execution of, 364
Morysine, Thomas, 26, 31
Muhlberg, battle of, 13, 27
Mundt, Dr., 155
Murray, Earl of, 110, 113-114, 126, 132, 175-176, 177-180, 182, 197, 201, 212, 218-219, 223;
murder of, 243
Nantouillet, Provost of Paris, a hostage in England, 137
Nau, Mary’s secretary, 394, 404
Navarre, King of (Anthony de Bourbon), 106, 110, 127;
death of, 135
Navy, English, 144, 248, 338
Noailles, De, French Ambassador, 36
Norfolk, Duke of, 50
Norfolk, Thomas Howard, fourth Duke of, 90, 101, 165, 169, 180, 191, 192, 231-241, 246-257;
condemned to death, 267;
executed, 268
Norris, Sir Henry, English Ambassador in France, 193, 201, 205, 208, 213, 222, 225, 237, 244, 252
Norris, Sir John, 379, 396, 429, 436-438, 447, 466
Northampton, Marquis of, 71, 191
Northern Lords, rising of, 240-241
Northumberland, Duke of, 16, 18-25;
his foreign policy, 27;
his religious policy, 36;
his action as to the succession, 38-39;
leads the forces against Mary, 43-44;
his betrayal by the Council, 45-46;
his execution, 50
Northumberland, Earl of, 185, 239
Nowell, Dean of St. Paul’s, 165
O’Neil, Shan, 127, 136, 185
Orange, Prince of, 242, 283-284, 288, 296, 302, 304, 307, 316, 328, 335, 372, 379, 382;
murder of, 384
Oxford, Countess of (Anne Cecil), 61, 263 note, 292, 305-306 note;
death of, 432
Oxford, Earl of, 263 note, 292, 301, 305, 375-376
Paget, Charles (Mopo), 383, 395
Paget, Sir William, 19-21, 36;
Lord Paget, 59, 64, 66, 76-77, 99
Palmer, Sir Thomas, divulges Somerset’s alleged plot against Northumberland, 28
Parker, Archbishop of Canterbury, 108, 140, 206, 296
Parry, Dr. William, 390-392
Parry, Sir Thomas, 62, 66-67, 71;
is jealous of Cecil, 79-80
Passau, peace of, 33
Patten, William, his description of the Scotch campaign, 16
Paulet, Sir Amias, 394-395, 404-405, 407;
his refusal to poison Mary Stuart, 418, 420, 430
Peace negotiations with France (1555), Cecil present at, 56;
(1558-1559), 65, 72-76, 80
Pembroke, Earl of, 45, 66, 191-192, 238
Percy, Sir Henry, 95;
Earl of Northumberland, 384
Perez, Antonio, 461-462, 466-467, 478-479
Persons, Father, 366;
his books against Burghley, 456-457
Petre, Sir William, 19-22, 24, 59, 95
Philip II., 53, 57, 64-65, 74-75, 84, 89, 92, 113, 133, 190, 208, 220, 225, 249, 314-315, 318, 364, 372, 402-403, 443, 483;
death of, 495
Philip II. and Mary Stuart, 142-143, 171-172, 223, 245, 256-259, 266, 341, 371-372, 378, 381-382, 395, 402-403
Phillips, T., cipher secretary, 404, 467
Pickering, Sir William, 27, 31;
flight under Mary, 52
Pinart, Secretary, French envoy, 356
Pinkie, battle of, 16, 17
Plague in London, 246, 375
Pole, Cardinal, 53;
brought to England by Cecil, 55;
accompanies him to Calais, 56
Pollard, Sir John, 59
Popham, Attorney-General, 408
Portugal, 211;
succession to the crown of, 329, 341
Poynings, Sir Adrian, 134
Privateers, 220, 224-225, 298
Protestant exiles under Mary, 51, 57-59
Puckering, Lord Keeper, 458
Ralegh, Sir Walter, 374, 376, 401, 411, 421, 424, 429, 435, 452-453, 458, 465, 482-483, 484-486
Rambouillet, 181
Randolph sent to Scotland, 107, 110, 127, 130, 162, 172-173, 179
Reformation, birth of, 2-3, 13
Religious matters, Cecil’s participation in them, 32, 53-54, 70, 99, 104-106, 107-109, 139, 144, 160, 163, 186, 203, 206-207, 209, 270, 290-291, 296, 322, 327, 350, 367, 387-390, 450, 457-460
Renard, Imperial Ambassador, 53, 57
Rennes, Bishop of, 222
Requesens, Spanish Governor of Flanders, 296, 298
Ridley, 57
Ridolfi plot, 225, 229-230, 235, 257-259
Rizzio, 173, 179, 182
Rogers, Edward, 71, 141
Ross, 257
Ross, Bishop of, 225, 232, 243, 250, 256-259, 295
Rouen, siege of, 448-449
Russell, Lord. See Bedford
Russian Company, Cecil one of the founders of, 36
Ruthven, raid of, 376
Ruy Gomez, 77
Sadler, Sir Ralph, 86, 91, 95
St. Aldegonde, 305
St. Bartholomew, 275-276, 288
St. John’s College, Cambridge, 9, 15, 146
St. Quentin, battle of, 64
Sandys, Archbishop, 339
Sarmiento de Gamboa, 411
Savage one of the Babington conspirators, 404
Savoy, Duke of, 63
Scotland, anarchy in, 15;
war with, 16;
invasion of, by Somerset, 16;
battle of Pinkie, 16;
French forces in, 82;
war with England, 91;
peace of Edinburgh, 95-96;
English support of Protestants in, 107, 110;
Mary and the Protestants, 113-114;
Mary refuses to ratify the peace of Edinburgh, 115;
marriage with Darnley, 173;
revolt of Murray, 173, 175;
murder of Rizzio, 182;
murder of Darnley, 192-193;
French plots in, 197-199;
Murray as Regent, 212;
Langside, 214;
civil war, 218;
murder of Murray, 243;
Catholic influence dominant, 243;
Morton Regent, 285;
rise of the Protestant party, 295;
rise of D’Aubigny, 341, 354, 364;
Spanish Jesuit plot in, 371;
Master of Gray sent to England, 394
Scrope, Lady, 232
Scrope, Lord, 216
Seminary priests in England, 209, 336, 349, 354, 366, 389-390, 402, 450-451
Seymour, Lord Admiral, 17
Sherwin, Father, 367
Shrewsbury, Countess of, her accusations against her husband and Mary Stuart, 394
Shrewsbury, Earl of, 66, 293, 310-311, 352, 378, 394
Sidney, Lady, 88, 90
Sidney, Sir Henry, 104
Simier, 326, 328-329, 330-332, 334-335, 336, 354
Smalkaldic league, 13
Smith, Sir John, sent to Madrid, 314
Smith, Sir Thomas, 9, 16, 19-22, 24, 62, 134, 157, 266, 274, 290
Somers, English envoy to France, 359
Somerset, Duke of, 12-14;
his invasion of Scotland, 16;
Cabal against him, 17;
his downfall, 19-25;
execution of, 28;
Burghley’s behaviour towards him, 28-31
Southampton, Earl of. See Wriothesley
Spain, English relations with, 33, 72-73, 76-77, 80-82, 88, 92-94, 103-106, 129-130, 136-139, 152, 154, 158-160, 181-183, 187, 189, 210-211, 219, 227-229, 232-241, 248, 257-263, 280-283, 296, 300-308, 313-316, 319-320, 326-327, 336-337, 346-347, 356-359, 385-386, 411-412, 422, 453, 457-458, 465, 474
Spalding, 18
Spanish fury in Antwerp, 314
Spes, Gerau de, Spanish Ambassador, 220, 223-224, 225, 227-228, 232-239, 245-248;
expelled from England, 263
Spinola, 159, 224
Stafford, Sir Edward, English Ambassador in France, 415, 423
Stamford Grammar School, 49
Standen, Anthony, 460, 464 note, 471
Stanhope arrested on Somerset’s downfall, 21
Stolberg, Count, 199
Storey, Dr., 262
Stuart, Arabella, 457
Stubbs’ book against the French match, 330
Succession to the crown of England, 140, 191, 231, 402, 413, 419, 457-458
Suffolk, Duchess of (Lady Willoughby), 7, 15, 26, 31;
flight under Mary, 51, 58, 99, 327
Suffolk, Duke of (Grey), 31, 43
Supremacy, Act of, 78
Sussex, Earl of, 60, 169-170, 174, 181, 190, 192, 240, 245, 292, 301, 324, 326, 331, 333-334, 340, 343, 347, 353, 365, 372
Swetkowitz, Adam, an envoy of the Emperor, 168-170, 174
Sweden, King of (Eric XIV.), 89-90, 103, 112, 113, 174
Talbot, Gilbert, 322, 420
Theobalds, Burghley’s house, 255;
the Queen visits, 272, 321-323, 327, 358, 375, 446, 463, 476;
Burghley’s last visits, 494
Thetford granted to Cecil, 47
Thirlby, Bishop of Ely, 65, 72, 206
Throgmorton, Francis, his plot, 383
Throgmorton, Sir Nicholas, 83-84, 92, 106, 110, 120-124, 128-129, 130, 134, 172-173, 174, 192, 203, 221, 230
Thynne arrested on Somerset’s downfall, 21
Tinoco, a spy in the Lopez plot, 468
Trent Council, 105, 108-109, 111
Tyrone’s rebellion, 474
Unton, Sir Henry, his mission to France, 478-479
Valdés, Pedro de, 302
Venturini, Borghese, 128, 130
Verstegen, his book against Burghley, 457
Vervins, peace of, 493
Vielleville, Marshal, 133
Waldegrave, Sir Edward, in the Tower, 111
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 252, 264-265, 275-277, 290, 310, 320, 322, 331, 336, 347, 354-355, 356, 359-360, 363, 365, 367, 372-373, 378, 381-382, 386, 392, 396, 399-401, 403, 416, 418, 429
Warwick, Earl of. See Northumberland
Warwick, Earl of (Ambrose Dudley), 134, 159
Watson, Dr., 9
Wentworth, Mrs. (Elizabeth Cecil), 375
Wentworth, Peter, 458-459
West, rising of the, 17
Westmoreland, Earl of, 240
Whalley, 29
White, Bishop of Winchester, 70
White, Nicholas, 254
Whitgift, Archbishop, 387-389, 460
Wilkes, Clerk of the Council, 301, 317
Williams, Sir Roger, 478
Williams, Speaker of the House of Commons, 139
Willoughby D’Eresby, Lord, 7
Willoughby D’Eresby, Lord (Peregrine Bertie), 370, 443
Wilson, Dr., sent to the States, 314;
Secretary, 347
Wimbledon, 18, 31, 37, 47, 51, 60
Winchester, Marquis of, 31, 37, 47, 99, 139;
death of, 271
Windebank, 121-124
Wolsey, 3
Wotton, Dr., Secretary of State, 22;
succeeded by Burghley, 24, 65, 72, 74, 95
Wotton, Sir Henry, sent to France respecting Mary Stuart’s condemnation, 412
Wrangdike granted to Cecil, 47
Wriothesley, Lord Chancellor, 13, 18, 36
Wroth, Sir Thomas, 129
Wurtemburg, Duke of, 155, 168
Wyatt’s Rebellion, 51
Wynter, 118
Yaxley, an envoy of Mary Stuart to Spain, 176
Yeoman of the Robes. See Cecil, Richard

The Great Lord Burghley: A study in Elizabethan statecraft

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