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The History of Persecution, from the Patriarchal Age, to the Reign of George II cover

The History of Persecution, from the Patriarchal Age, to the Reign of George II

Chapter 12: SECT. VI. Persecutions by the Mahometans.
By Samuel Chandler
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About This Book

A comprehensive survey traces episodes of religious persecution from ancient pagan societies through the early Christian imperial era, medieval papal authority, and into Protestant and early modern contexts. It describes disputed councils and tribunals, the organization and procedures of the Inquisition, the types of offences prosecuted, and notable regional instances including Goa. The narrative examines recurring motives such as ambition and greed and assesses theological justifications, arguing that coercion conflicts with Christian principles. An appended section recounts recent British developments toward legal toleration and the political efforts taken to secure broader religious liberty.

SECT. VI.
Persecutions by the Mahometans.

It may be thought needless to bring the Mahometans into this reckoning, it being well known that their avowed method of propagating religion is by the sword; and that it was a maxim of Mahomet, “not to suffer two religions to be in Arabia.” But this is not all; as they are enemies to all other religions but their own, so they are against toleration of heretics amongst themselves, and have oftentimes punished them with death. [H]Hottinger[53] gives us an account of a famous dispute amongst them concerning the Coran, whether it was “the created” or “uncreated word of God?” Many of their califfs were of opinion that it was created, and issued their orders that the Musselmen should be compelled to believe it.[54] And as for those who denied it, many were whipped; others put in chains; and others murdered. Many, also, were slain, for not praying in a right posture towards the temple at Mecca.[55] The same author farther tells us, that there are some heretics, who, whenever they are found, are burnt to death. The enmity between the Persians and Turks,[56] upon account of their religious difference, is irreconcileable and mortal; so that they would, each of them, rather tolerate a Christian than one another. But I pass from these things to the history of Christian persecution.

1. Cap. 5. v. 6, &c.

2. De civit. Dei, l. 16. c. 13.

3. Marsh. Cron. § 5..fn-

4. De Relig. Pers. c. 2.

5. Hotting. Smeg. Orient. p. 290, &c.

A. See note [A] at the end of the volume.

6. Plat. in Apolog. pro Socrate. Diog. Laert. in vit. Soc.

7. Dr. Rogers’s Vindication of the Civil Establishment, &c.

8. Cont. Apion. l. 2. c. 37. Edit. Havere.

9. Isoc. Areop.

10. Athen. p. 610. Edit. Casaub. Diog. Laert. l. 5. Segm. 38.

11. Athen. p. 610.

12. Jos. ibid.

13. In vit. Anax.

14. l. 5. c. 38.

15. Joseph. ibid. Athen. p. 611.

16. Athen. ibid.

17. Joseph. ibid. § 36. Athen. ibid.

18. Joseph. § 37.

D. See note [D] at the end of the volume.

19. Herodot. Melpom. p. 246. Edit. Gronov.

20. Id. p. 248.

21. Joseph. ibid.

22. Athen. p. 300.

23. Satyr. 15. See also Joseph. cont. Ap. l. 2. § 6.

24. Englished by Mr. Dryden, &c.

25. De Isid. et Osir. p. 380. Edit. Franc.

26. Antiq. Jud. l. 12. c. 5.

27. Athen. l. 12. c. 12.

B. See note [B] at the end of the volume.

28. Apol. c. 2.

29. De Leg. l. 2.

30. De Leg. l. 2. c. 10.

31. De Divin. l. 2. fin.

32. Lib. 25 c. 1

33. Apud Dion. Cassium, l. 52.

34. Vit. Aug. c. 93.

35. Ibid. c. 35.

C. See note [C] at the end of the volume.

36. Annal. l. 15. c. 44. Ibid. cap. 16.

37. Annal. l. 15. c. 44.

38. E. H. l. 3. c. 17, 18.

39. l. 67, in Domit.

40. E. H. l. 3. c. 20.

41. Apol. c. 5.

42. Suet. in vit. Domit. c. 10.

43. Apol. c. 2.

44. E. H. l. 3. c. 32.

45. Ad Scapul.

46. Ad Scap.

47. E. H. l. 4. C. 26.

E. See note [E] at the end of the volume.

48. Apol. 2da. c. 42. Edit. Thirlb.

F. See note [F] at the end of the volume.

49. Euseb. E. H. l. 4. c. 15.

50. Id. l. 4. c. 18.

G. See note [G] at the end of the volume.

51. Epist. xi. Ed. Fell.

52. E. H. l. 8. c. 1.

H. See note [H] at the end of the volume.

53. Histor. Orient. p. 252.

54. Pag. 362.

55. Pag. 366.

56. Ibid.