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The Horse in History

Chapter 4: SOME WORKS CONSULTED
By Basil Tozer
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About This Book

The author traces the horse's influence from prehistoric domestication through classical antiquity, medieval warfare, and modern breeding, detailing chariots, cavalry, and notable animals from myth and history. He examines how horse culture shaped military tactics, trade, and social ritual, drawing on sources such as Xenophon, Herodotus, and later chroniclers while noting difficulties separating fact from legend. Medieval and early modern chapters cover royal studs, fairs, the rise of racing and the Thoroughbred, famous mounts in campaigns and court life, and techniques of horsemanship and training. The book concludes by charting breed developments, the importation of Oriental bloodlines, celebrated individual horses, and the species' gradual displacement by mechanized transport.

SOME WORKS CONSULTED

OF the many volumes the writer has consulted whilst engaged in compiling this book, the following are among the more important. The list is arranged alphabetically, according to the authors' names. To the authors or editors, as the case may be, and to the publishers of these works, the writer here begs to acknowledge his very deep indebtedness for the assistance he has derived from consulting the volumes named.

  • Arrian (F.)—“The Anabasis of Alexander.”
  • Aureggio (E.)—“Les Chevaux du Nord de l'Afrique.”
  • Azara (F. de)—“The Natural History of the Quadrupeds of Paraguay and the River La Plata.”
  • Berenger (R.)—“The History and Art of Horsemanship.”
  • Blount (T.)—“Antient Tenures.”
  • Blunt (W. S.) “Bedouin Tribes of the Euphrates.”
  • Bousson (M. A. E.)—“Etude de la Représentation du Cheval.”
  • Charras (J. B. A.) “Histoire de la Campagne de 1815.”
  • Chomel (C.)—“Histoire du Cheval dans l'antiquité et son rôle dans la civilization.”
  • Church (A. J.)—“Roman Life in the Days of Cicero.”
  • Cook (T. A.)—“The History of the Turf,” and “Eclipse and O'Kelly.”
  • Darwin (C. R.)—“Variation of Animals and Plants.”
  • Erman (A.)—“Life in Ancient Egypt.”
  • Ewart (J. C.)—“The Multiple Origin of Horses and Ponies”; “A Critical Period in the Development of the Horse”; and “The Penicuik Experiments on Breeding between Horses and Zebras.”
  • Fitzwygram (Sir F. W. J.)—“Horses and Stables.”
  • Flower (Sir W. H.)—“The Horse.”
  • Gast (E.)—“Le Cheval Normand et ses Origines.”
  • Gilbey (Sir W.)—“Horses Past and Present,” and “The Great Horse, or War Horse.”
  • Greenwell (W.)—“British Barrows.”
  • Haddon (A. C.)—“The Study of Man.”
  • Hall (H.)—“The Horses of the British Empire.”
  • Hayes (M. H.)—“Points on the Horse.”
  • Holm (A.)—“The History of Greece.”
  • Hore (J. P.)—“History of Newmarket.”
  • Hume (D.)—“Imperial History of England.”
  • Hume (D.)—“The History of the House of Douglas.”
  • Jonson (B.)—“The Alchemist.”
  • Jowett (B.)—“Thucydides.”
  • Lodge (E.)—“Illustrations of British History.”
  • Mayne (C.)—“Odes of Pindar.”
  • Mitchell (T.)—“The Comedies of Aristophanes.”
  • Montfaucon (B. de)—“Antiquities.”
  • Morgan (H.)—“The Art of Horsemanship.”
  • Murray (D).—“Life of Joan of Arc.”
  • Newcastle (Duke of)—“Observations on Horses.”
  • Petrie (F.)—“History of Egypt.”
  • Pietrement (C. A.)—“Les Chevaux dans les Temps Historiques et pré-Historiques.”
  • Plutarch—“Life of Alexander the Great.”
  • Prescott (W. H.)—“The Conquest of Mexico.”
  • Reyce (R).—“Breviary of Suffolk.”
  • Ridgeway (W.)—“The Origin and Influence of the Domestic Horse,” and “The Early Age of Greece.”
  • Ruskin (J.)—“The Queen of the Air.”
  • Schlieben (A.)—“The Horse in Antiquity.”
  • Sidney (S.)—“The Book of the Horse.”
  • Sotherby (W.)—“Georgics of Virgil.”
  • Southey (R.)—“Iliad of Homer.”
  • Street (F.)—“The History of the Shire Horse.”
  • Strutt (J.)—“Sports and Pastimes of the People of England.”
  • Tasso (T.)—“Jerusalem Delivered.”
  • Taunton (T.)—“Famous Horses.”
  • Trimmer (Mrs M.)—“Natural History.”
  • Tweedie (Mrs Alec.)—“Hyde Park: Its History and Romance.”
  • Tweedie (W.)—“The Arabian Horse.”
  • Upton (Capt. R. D.)—“Newmarket and Arabia.”
  • Vaux (Baron C. M. de)—“A Cheval. Etude des Races Françaises et Etrangères.”
  • White (C.)—“History of the Turf.”
  • Witt (C.)—“The Trojan War.”
  • Yule (Sir H.)—“Marco Polo.”

Standard classics consulted have for the most part been omitted from this list. The writer wishes in addition to thank his friend, Dr William Barry, the distinguished classical scholar, for the trouble he has taken in helping to revise some of the earlier of the proof sheets; Professor William Ridgeway, of Cambridge, the famous historian and archæologist, for letters containing advice that has proved of use; Mr Theodore Andrea Cook, the most trustworthy authority we have upon the history of the Turf and the modern thoroughbred, for letters of introduction, etc.; and the Directors of the British Museum and the Directors of the National Gallery for allowing photographs to be taken for reproduction. For the sake of convenience the centuries b.c. are alluded to in the same way that centuries a.d. are alluded to, that is, one century in advance. Thus 550 B.C. is spoken of as the fourth century B.C.; 250 a.d. as the third century A.D., and so on.

THE HORSE IN HISTORY

PART I

FROM VERY EARLY TIMES TO THE CONQUEST