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Title: The Human Race
Author: Louis Figuier
Release date: January 15, 2013 [eBook #41849]
Most recently updated: October 23, 2024
Language: English
Credits: Produced by Chris Curnow, Harry Lamé and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE HUMAN RACE ***
Please see Transcriber’s Notes at the end of this document.
THE
HUMAN RACE.
| P. Sellier, p.t | Imp. Dupuy, 22, R. des Petits Hôtels | G. Regamey, lith. |
| NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN | SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN |
| RED RACE | |
THE
HUMAN RACE.
BY
LOUIS FIGUIER.
ILLUSTRATED BY
TWO HUNDRED AND FORTY-THREE ENGRAVINGS ON WOOD,
AND EIGHT CHROMOLITHOGRAPHS.
NEW YORK:
D. APPLETON AND CO., BROADWAY.
1872.
LONDON:
BRADBURY, EVANS, AND CO., PRINTERS, WHITEFRIARS.
CONTENTS.
| INTRODUCTION. | ||
| PAGE | ||
| CHAPTER I.—Definition of Man—How he differs from other Animals—Origin of Man—In what parts of the Earth did he first appear?—Unity of Mankind, evidence in support—What is understood by species in Natural History—Man forms but one species, with its varieties or kinds—Classification of the Human Race | 1 | |
| CHAPTER II.—General characteristics of the human race—Organic characteristics—Senses and the nervous system—Height—Skeleton—Cranium and face—Colour of the skin—Physiological functions—Intellectual characteristics—Properties of human intelligence—Languages and literature—Different states of society—Primitive industry—The two ages of prehistoric humanity | 21 | |
| THE WHITE RACE. | ||
| CHAPTER I. | ||
| EUROPEAN BRANCH | 41 | |
| TEUTONIC FAMILY | 41 | |
| LATIN FAMILY | 66 | |
| SLAVONIAN FAMILY | 113 | |
| GREEK FAMILY | 149 | |
| CHAPTER II. | ||
| ARAMEAN BRANCH | 163 | |
| LIBYAN FAMILY | 163 | |
| SEMITIC FAMILY | 183 | |
| PERSIAN FAMILY | 190 | |
| GEORGIAN FAMILY | 203 | |
| CIRCASSIAN FAMILY | 203 | |
| THE YELLOW RACE. | ||
| CHAPTER I. | ||
| HYPERBOREAN BRANCH | 206 | |
| LAPP FAMILY | 206 | |
| SAMOIEDE FAMILY | 209 | |
| KAMTSCHADALE FAMILY | 209 | |
| ESQUIMAUX FAMILY | 211 | |
| TEMISIAN FAMILY | 217 | |
| JUKAGHIRITE AND KORIAK FAMILIES | 217 | |
| CHAPTER II. | ||
| MONGOLIAN BRANCH | 218 | |
| MONGOL FAMILY | 218 | |
| TUNGUSIAN FAMILY | 223 | |
| YAKUT FAMILY | 223 | |
| TURKISH FAMILY | 229 | |
| CHAPTER III. | ||
| SINAIC BRANCH | 254 | |
| CHINESE FAMILY | 256 | |
| JAPANESE FAMILY | 302 | |
| INDO-CHINESE FAMILY | 324 | |
| THE BROWN RACE. | ||
| CHAPTER I. | ||
| HINDOO BRANCH | 336 | |
| HINDOO FAMILY | 339 | |
| MALABAR FAMILY | 354 | |
| CHAPTER II. | ||
| ETHIOPIAN BRANCH | 355 | |
| ABYSSINIAN FAMILY | 355 | |
| FELLAN FAMILY | 363 | |
| CHAPTER III. | ||
| MALAY BRANCH | 365 | |
| MALAY FAMILY | 365 | |
| POLYNESIAN FAMILY | 380 | |
| MICRONESIAN FAMILY | 400 | |
| THE RED RACE. | ||
| CHAPTER I. | ||
| SOUTHERN BRANCH | 407 | |
| ANDIAN FAMILY | 407 | |
| PAMPEAN FAMILY | 419 | |
| GUARANY FAMILY | 433 | |
| CHAPTER II. | ||
| NORTHERN BRANCH | 452 | |
| SOUTHERN FAMILY | 452 | |
| NORTH-EASTERN FAMILY | 460 | |
| NORTH-WESTERN FAMILY | 492 | |
| THE BLACK RACE. | ||
| CHAPTER I. | ||
| WESTERN BRANCH | 495 | |
| CAFFRE FAMILY | 495 | |
| HOTTENTOT FAMILY | 498 | |
| NEGRO FAMILY | 500 | |
| CHAPTER II. | ||
| EASTERN BRANCH | 518 | |
| PAPUAN FAMILY | 518 | |
| ANDAMAN FAMILY | 531 | |
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
| RED RACE: NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN, SOUTH AMERICAN INDIAN | ||
| THE WHITE RACE. | ||
| FIG. | PAGE | |
| 1. | —MEN AND WOMEN OF ANATOLIA | 5 |
| 2. | —SAMOIEDES OF THE NORTH CAPE | 7 |
| WHITE OR CAUCASIAN RACE: SCANDINAVIAN, GREEK | ||
| 3. | —WAKE OF ICELANDIC PEASANTS IN A BARN | 42 |
| 4. | —WOMEN OF STAVANGER, NORWAY | 43 |
| 5. | —CITIZEN OF STAVANGER | 44 |
| 6. | —COSTUMES OF THE TELEMARK (NORWAY) | 45 |
| 7. | —WOMEN OF CHRISTIANSUND (NORWAY) | 46 |
| 8. | —BOY AND GIRL OF THE LAWERGRAND (NORWAY) | 47 |
| 9, | 10.—SUABIANS (STUTTGARD) | 48 |
| 11, | 12.—SUABIANS (STUTTGARD) | 50 |
| 13. | —BAVARIANS | 52 |
| 14. | —BADENERS | 53 |
| 15. | —ENGLISHMAN | 63 |
| 16. | —DRUIDS, GAULS, AND FRANKS | 70 |
| 17. | —FRENCHMAN | 75 |
| 18. | —CATTLE-DEALER OF CORDOVA | 81 |
| 19. | —NATIVES OF TOLEDO | 83 |
| 20. | —SPANISH PEASANT | 84 |
| 21. | —A MADRID WINE-SHOP | 85 |
| 22. | —SPANISH LADY AND DUENNA | 88 |
| 23. | —THE FANDANGO | 89 |
| 24. | —THE BOLERO | 91 |
| 25. | —FISH VENDORS AT OPORTO | 92 |
| 26. | —ROMAN PEASANT GIRL | 94 |
| 27. | —ROMAN PEASANTS | 95 |
| 28. | —YOUNG GIRL OF THE TRANSTEVERA | 96 |
| 29. | —STREET AT TIVOLI | 98 |
| 30. | —A CARDINAL ENTERING THE VATICAN | 99 |
| 31. | —EXALTATION OF POPE PIUS IX. | 100 |
| 32. | —A MACARONI SHOP AT NAPLES | 103 |
| 33. | —NEAPOLITAN ICED-WATER SELLER | 104 |
| 34. | —NEAPOLITAN PEASANT WOMAN | 104 |
| 35. | —ITINERANT TRADER OF NAPLES | 105 |
| 36. | —AN ACQUAJOLO, AT NAPLES | 106 |
| 37. | —WALACHIAN | 108 |
| 38. | —LADY OF BUCHAREST | 110 |
| 39. | —WALACHIAN WOMAN | 111 |
| 40. | —NOBLE BOSNIAK MUSSULMAN | 112 |
| 41. | —RUSSIAN SENTINEL, RIGA | 115 |
| 42. | —RUSSIAN DEVOTEES, RIGA | 117 |
| 43. | —TRAFFIC IN ST. PETERSBURG | 121 |
| 44. | —A RUSSIAN TAVERN | 122 |
| 45. | —INTERIOR OF AN ISBA | 123 |
| 46. | —LIVONIAN PEASANTS | 124 |
| 47. | —TARTAR OF KASAK | 125 |
| 48. | —TARTAR OF THE CAUCASUS | 126 |
| 49. | —TARTAR OF THE CAUCASUS | 127 |
| 50. | —RUSSIAN NORTH-SEA PILOT | 128 |
| 51. | —OSTIAK HUT | 130 |
| 52. | —ISIGANE OF VOAKOVAR | 131 |
| 53. | —SLAVONIAN PEASANT | 132 |
| 54. | —A PEASANT OF ESSEK | 133 |
| 55. | —HERDSMEN OF THE MILITARY CONFINES | 135 |
| 56. | —WOMAN OF THE MILITARY CONFINES | 136 |
| 57. | —GRÄNZERS, AND THEIR GUARD-HOUSE | 138 |
| 58. | —TSIGANE PRISONER | 139 |
| 59. | —BOSNIAK PEASANT | 142 |
| 60. | —BOSNIAK PEASANT WOMAN | 143 |
| 61. | —BOSNIAK MERCHANT | 144 |
| 62. | —WOMEN OF PESTH | 145 |
| 63. | —HUNGARIANS | 146 |
| 64. | —A HUNGARIAN GENTLEMAN | 147 |
| 65. | —HUNGARIANS | 148 |
| 66. | —GREEKS OF ATHENS | 151 |
| 67. | —A GREEK HOUSEHOLD | 153 |
| 68. | —INTERIOR OF THE AGORA AT ATHENS | 156 |
| 69. | —FÊTE OF THE TEMPLE OF JUPITER, ATHENS | 159 |
| WHITE OR CAUCASIAN RACE: GEORGEAN, ARAB | ||
| 70. | —ALBANIAN WOMAN | 161 |
| PORTRAIT OF AN ARMENIAN | ||
| 71. | —MOORISH COFFEE-HOUSE AT SIDI-BOW-SAID, NEAR TUNIS | 164 |
| 72. | —GRINDING WHEAT IN THE KABYLIA | 169 |
| 73. | —KABYLE JEWELLERS | 171 |
| 74. | —KOPTS OF THE TEMPLE OF KRANAH | 175 |
| 75. | —A FELLAH WOMAN AND CHILDREN | 177 |
| 76. | —A FELLAH DONKEY BOY | 178 |
| 77. | —A LADY OF CAIRO | 181 |
| 78. | —ALMA OR DANCING GIRL | 182 |
| 79. | —WANDERING ARABS | 185 |
| 80. | —JEW OF BUCHAREST | 186 |
| 81. | —BEYROUT | 187 |
| 82. | —MARONITES OF LIBANUS | 189 |
| 83. | —HADY-MERZA-AGHAZZI | 192 |
| 84. | —PERSIAN TYPES | 194 |
| 85. | —PERSIAN NOBLEMEN | 195 |
| 86. | —PERSIAN WOMEN | 196 |
| 87. | —LOUTY AND BAKTYAN | 197 |
| 88. | —AN ARMENIAN DRAWING-ROOM | 200 |
| 89. | —GEORGIANS | 202 |
| THE YELLOW RACE. | ||
| 90. | —LAPLANDERS | 207 |
| 91. | —A LAPP CRADLE | 209 |
| 92. | —SAMOIEDES | 210 |
| 93. | —ESQUIMAUX SUMMER ENCAMPMENT | 212 |
| 94. | —ESQUIMAUX WINTER ENCAMPMENT | 213 |
| 95. | —ESQUIMAUX VILLAGE | 214 |
| 96. | —ESQUIMAUX CHIEF | 215 |
| 97. | —ESQUIMAUX BIRD-CATCHER | 216 |
| 98. | —YOUNG ESQUIMAUX | 217 |
| 99. | —A MONGOL TARTAR | 219 |
| 100. | —BURÏATS ESCORTING MISS CHRISTIANI | 222 |
| 101. | —MANCHÚS SOLDIERS | 224 |
| YELLOW OR MONGOLIAN RACE: MONGOLIAN, ESQUIMAUX | ||
| 102. | —YAKUTS | 225 |
| 103. | —A YAKUT WOMAN | 227 |
| 104. | —YAKUT VILLAGERS | 230 |
| 105. | —YAKUT PRIESTS | 231 |
| 106. | —TURCOMAN ENCAMPMENT | 234 |
| 107. | —KIRGHIS FUNERAL RITES | 237 |
| 108. | —A HAREM | 241 |
| 109. | —A HAREM SUPPER | 243 |
| 110. | —TURKISH LADIES VISITING | 245 |
| 111. | —A TURKISH BARBER | 249 |
| 112. | —TURKISH PORTER | 251 |
| 113. | —INDO-CHINESE OF STUNG TRENG | 254 |
| 114. | —INDO-CHINESE OF LAOS | 255 |
| 115. | —A YOUNG CHINESE | 257 |
| 116. | —CHINESE SHOPKEEPER | 258 |
| 117. | —CHINESE LADY | 259 |
| 118. | —CHINESE WOMAN | 260 |
| 119. | —MANDARIN’S DAUGHTER | 261 |
| 120. | —CHINESE BOUDOIR | 264 |
| 121. | —CHINESE SITTING-ROOM | 269 |
| 122. | —OPIUM-SMOKERS | 271 |
| 123. | —CHINESE AGRICULTURE | 273 |
| 124. | —CHINESE FISHING | 275 |
| 125. | —THE CUSTOM-HOUSE AT SHANGHAI | 277 |
| YELLOW OR MONGOLIAN RACE: JAPANESE, CHINESE | ||
| 126. | —CHINESE BONZE | 281 |
| 127. | —CHINESE SCHOOLMASTER | 283 |
| 128. | —CHINESE LOCOMOTION | 285 |
| 129. | —A CHINESE PLAY | 289 |
| 130. | —A CHINESE JUNK | 291 |
| 131. | —CHINESE BEGGARS | 293 |
| 132. | —CHINESE PUNISHMENTS | 295 |
| 133. | —CHINESE PUNISHMENTS | 296 |
| 134. | —A CHINESE COURT OF JUSTICE | 297 |
| 135. | —CHINESE SOLDIERS | 299 |
| 136. | —CHINESE TROOPER | 300 |
| 137. | —THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA | 301 |
| 138. | —JAPANESE | 304 |
| 139. | —A JAPANESE FATHER | 305 |
| 140. | —JAPANESE SOLDIER | 306 |
| 141. | —JAPANESE NOBLE | 307 |
| 142. | —JAPANESE PALANQUIN | 311 |
| 143. | —THE TAÏCOON’S GUARDS | 315 |
| 144. | —A LADY OF THE COURT | 317 |
| 145. | —A KAMIS TEMPLE, JAPAN | 321 |
| 146. | —JAPANESE PAGODA | 323 |
| 147. | —BURMESE NOBLES | 325 |
| 148. | —BURMESE LADY | 326 |
| 149. | —WOMEN OF BANKOK | 327 |
| 150. | —SIAMESE DOMESTIC | 328 |
| 151. | —SIAMESE LADIES DINING | 329 |
| 152. | —TOMB OF A BONZE, AT LAOS | 330 |
| 153. | —CAMBODIANS | 331 |
| 154. | —THE PRINCE-ROYAL OF SIAM | 333 |
| 155. | —CHINESE GIRL | 334 |
| THE BROWN RACE. | ||
| 156. | —NATIVES OF HYDERABAD | 337 |
| 157. | —A BANIAN OF SURAT | 338 |
| 158. | —AN AGED SIKH | 339 |
| 159. | —A PARSEE GENTLEMAN | 341 |
| 160. | —SIR SALAR JUNG, K.S.I. | 343 |
| 161. | —NAUTCH GIRL OF BARODA | 345 |
| 162. | —A COOLIE OF THE GHATS | 347 |
| 163. | —PAGODA AT SIRRHINGHAM | 349 |
| 164. | —PALANQUIN | 352 |
| 165. | —ABYSSINIAN | 355 |
| 166. | —NOUERS OF THE WHITE NILE | 356 |
| 167. | —A NOUER CHIEF | 358 |
| 168. | —CHIEF OF THE LIRA | 359 |
| 169. | —MALAY “RUNNING A MUCK” | 367 |
| BROWN RACE: POLYNESIAN, MALAY | ||
| 170. | —MALAY | 369 |
| 171. | —JAVANESE | 369 |
| 172. | —JAVANESE DANCING GIRLS | 371 |
| 173. | —JAVANESE WEDDING | 372 |
| 174. | —DYAKS | 377 |
| 175. | —A DYAK HUT | 379 |
| 176. | —NEW ZEALAND CHIEF | 383 |
| 177. | —NATIVE OF TAHITI | 393 |
| 178. | —NATIVE OF THE SANDWICH ISLANDS | 398 |
| BROWN RACE: ABYSSINIAN, HINDOO | ||
| THE RED RACE. | ||
| 179. | —HUASCAR, THIRTEENTH EMPEROR OF THE INCAS | 408 |
| 180. | —COYA CAHUANA, EMPRESS OF THE INCAS | 409 |
| 181. | —AN ANTIS INDIAN | 411 |
| 182. | —AN ANTIS INDIAN | 412 |
| 183. | —SUMMER SHED OF THE ANTIS | 413 |
| 184. | —ANTIS INDIANS FISHING | 414 |
| 185. | —PERUVIAN INTERPRETER | 415 |
| 186. | —ARAUCANIAN | 417 |
| 187. | —PECHERAY HUTS | 418 |
| 188. | —PATAGONIAN | 422 |
| 189. | —A PATAGONIAN HORSE SACRIFICE | 423 |
| 190. | —A BOLIVIAN CHIEF | 426 |
| 191. | —A BOAT ON THE RIO NEGRO | 429 |
| 192. | —EXAMINADOR OF CHILI | 432 |
| 193. | —A PARAGUAYAN MESSENGER | 437 |
| 194. | —BRAZILIAN NEGRO | 440 |
| 195. | —INDIAN WOMAN OF BRAZIL | 441 |
| 196. | —NATIVE OF MANAOS, BRAZIL | 443 |
| 197. | —BRAZILIAN NEGRESSES | 445 |
| 198. | —BRAZILIAN DWELLING | 446 |
| 199. | —NEGROS OF BAHIA | 447 |
| 200. | —NATIVES OF FRENCH GUYANA | 449 |
| 201. | —BOTOCUDOS | 451 |
| 202. | —INDIAN OF THE MEXICAN COAST | 453 |
| 203, | 204.—INDIANS OF THE MEXICAN COAST | 454 |
| 205. | —MEXICAN INDIAN WOMAN | 456 |
| 206. | —MEXICAN PICADOR | 457 |
| 207. | —THE ROLDAU BRIDGE MARKET, MEXICO | 458 |
| 208. | —MEXICAN HATTER | 459 |
| 209. | —MEXICAN HAWKER | 459 |
| 210. | —CREEK INDIANS | 463 |
| 211. | —ENCAMPMENT OF SIOUX INDIANS | 465 |
| 212. | —SIOUX WARRIOR | 466 |
| 213. | —A SIOUX CHIEF | 467 |
| 214. | —CROW INDIANS IN COUNCIL | 470 |
| 215. | —PAWNEE INDIANS | 473 |
| 216. | —A CHAYENE (SHIENNES) CHIEF | 475 |
| 217. | —A YUTE CHIEF | 477 |
| 218. | —CHOCTAW INDIANS PLAYING BALL | 479 |
| 219. | —COMANCHE INDIANS | 481 |
| 220. | —A COMANCHE CAMP | 482 |
| 221. | —A BUFFALO HUNT | 483 |
| 222. | —MOHAWK INDIANS | 485 |
| 223. | —FLAT-HEAD INDIANS | 487 |
| 224. | —NAYA INDIANS | 489 |
| 225. | —A CROW CHIEF | 491 |
| THE BLACK RACE. | ||
| 226. | —A CAFFRE | 496 |
| 227. | —NATIVE OF THE MOZAMBIQUE COAST | 497 |
| 228. | —THE HOTTENTOT VENUS | 499 |
| 229. | —A ZANZIBAR NEGRO | 503 |
| 230. | —ZANZIBAR NEGRESSES | 507 |
| 231. | —A NEGRO VILLAGE | 511 |
| 232. | —FISHING ON THE UPPER SENEGAL | 513 |
| 233. | —A ZAMBESI NEGRESS | 515 |
| BLACK RACE: PAPOUAN, NEGRO OF NEW GUINEA | ||
| 234. | —THAKOMBAU, KING OF THE FIJI ISLANDS | 520 |
| 235. | —NATIVE OF FIJI | 521 |
| 236. | —NATIVE OF FIJI | 522 |
| 237. | —A TEMPLE OF CANNIBALISM | 523 |
| 238. | —A FIJIAN DANCE | 525 |
| 239. | —YOUNG NATIVE OF NEW CALEDONIA | 527 |
| 240. | —NATIVE OF NEW CALEDONIA | 529 |
| 241. | —ENCAMPMENT OF NATIVE AUSTRALIANS | 533 |
| 242. | —NATIVE AUSTRALIAN | 535 |
| 243. | —AN AUSTRALIAN GRAVE | 536 |