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The Ice Crop: How to Harvest, Store, Ship and Use Ice cover

The Ice Crop: How to Harvest, Store, Ship and Use Ice

Chapter 18: INDEX.
By Theron L. Hiles
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About This Book

A practical late-19th-century manual surveying the history and commercial growth of the ice trade and offering step-by-step guidance on harvesting, storing, transporting, and selling natural ice. It covers legal and sanitary practices, construction and management of commercial and farm ice houses, use of ice in refrigeration and transport, and discussion of artificial ice-making and cold-air machines. Practical tips address care, marketing, small-scale farm needs, and technical details for cutting and packing. The volume closes with miscellaneous hints and numerous recipes and preparations for chilled foods and beverages.

INDEX.

Artificial ice and cold air machines 48–91
Air machines 88
Extent of artificial refrigeration 90
Fruit storage plant at Waldo, Fla. 88
Historical sketch 84, 85
Latest inventions, the 88
Principles of ice machines 85, 86
Systems employed 86, 87
Uses of 90, 91
Care, handling and marketing of crop 56–63
Care of ice in houses 56
Coupon tickets, use of 62
Lowering ice from house 58
Marketing 60
Packing ice for shipment 58, 60
Taking out ice from house 58
Ventilators, how to use 41, 56, 58
Wasting of ice, causes and preventatives 56
Cold storage 63–86
Construction of house for 63
Co-operation, benefits of 78
Extent and benefits of 63, 64
Preservative power for various articles, extent of 65
Principles of 67
Temperature, variation of 65
Use of 64, 67
Cold storage ice house (see also “Retarding house,” and “Storage cellars,” and “Packing house”):
Barn corner ice house 79
Cheap ice house 77
Combined dairy, cold storage and ice house 72, 73
Construction of 63, 67, 68
Cost of ice in house 80
Creamery ice house 71, 72
Floor, best construction of 73
Freezing room 73
General arrangement of 69
Loading platform 80
Milk room 73
Principles employed 67
Sample house described 71
Size of rooms 73
Silo as an ice house 77
Tanks 75
Temperature considered in removing fruit from 101
Tools required in stowing ice 80
Ventilators 68
Walls considered, various 68, 69
Construction of commercial ice houses 43–55
Construction, details of 47–54
Development of the modern ice house 43, 44
Earliest forms of ice storage 43
Site for 44, 45
Survey and foundation 45–47
Construction of ice house, details of 47–54
Air spaces 47
Chains, over-shot and under-shot 55
Engine 55
Floor 53
Lightning rods, use of 51
Lumber required, dimensions of 47
Platforms for loading cars 53
Posts, inside and out 47, 49
Roof, a good construction for 49
Sills, inside and out 47
Studding, main outer and inner 47
Ventilators 51, 68
Walls and partitions 49
Contents, table of 115
Co-operation, how best practiced 79
Co-operation in ice-cutting and cold storage 78
Creamery ice house 71, 72
Cutting and storing ice 14–42, 83
Calking bar, use of the 27
Care of ice fields 15, 83
Care of tools 32–35
Channels and canals 25, 83
Channels, early work on the 29
Closing and caring for the house 41, 42
Condition of field at quitting time 29
Cracks in the ice 26
Danger signals 23
Floats, how to handle 27
Flooding, use of 17
Harvesting, danger of delay in 20
Harvesting outfit 20–23
Housing the crop 29–32, 35–38
Inspection of field 20, 23
Laying out ice field 23
Marking and plowing 23–25
Opening up the field 26
Packing ice in the house 37–41
Plowing, results of delay in 34
Plowing, process of 83
Refuse ice 23
Science of ice formation 14, 15
Shipping from the field 42
Snow, removal of 17, 21
Snow scrapers 17, 18
Tapping the field during a thaw 19
Thickness of ice 21
Tool room and fittings 35
Windrows, how best distributed 19
Dairy, cold storage and ice house, combined 72, 73
Freezing house, a 73
Harvesting (see cutting and storing)
Historical sketch, an 7–11
Domestic and export trade 7
Export trade, height of 7
Extent of ice industry 9
Home of the industry 9
Methods for securing, development of 8
Modern ice harvest, pen picture of 10
Origin of business in United States 7
Preserving or antiseptic powers of ice 9
Uses of ice, growing 8
House, closing and caring for the 41–42
Sawdust or mill shavings, how used 41
Tools, inspection of 41–42
Ventilation 41, 56, 58
Housing the ice 29–32
Discipline on the field, value of 32
Methods employed, various 29, 35
Preferable time for, the 35
Protection at sides of channel, necessity for 30
Runs, or skids, how arranged 37, 40
Serious accidents, how prevented 32
Stowing, process of 37, 39
Water box, use of 30
Iced beverages: Coffee, cooling drink, gum arabic water, jelly water, lemonade, sago milk, tea 114
Ice creams and ices 102–107
Almond 106
Brown bread 103
Chocolate 104
Cinnamon 106
Coffee 105
Cocoanut 103
Fig 104
General directions for making 102
Neapolitan 105
New York 104
Orange 106
Peach 106
Strawberry 103
Swan’s down 106
Tapioca 106
Tea 105
Vanilla 103, 106
Walnut 105
Iced dishes 107–114
Biscuit glace 110
Blackberry ice 112
Blanc mange 111–113
Bombe glace 110
Cherry ice 112
Currant sherbet 109
Custards 112
Frozen apricots 109
Frozen peaches 109
Frozen pudding 107
Frozen raspberries 109
Frozen strawberries 109
Glace meringue 110
Lemon ice 107
Lemon jelly 113
Lemon sherbet 108
Macaroni custard 112
Nesselrode pudding 107
Orange sherbet 108
Pineapple sherbet 108
Pineapple water ice 112
Raspberry ice 112
Raspberry sherbet 109
Snow pudding 113
Strawberry ice 113
Strawberry sherbet 108
Tutti frutti 107
Iced food and beverages 101–114
Iced beverages 114
Ice creams and ices 102–107
Iced dishes 107–114
Ice field, care of 15, 83
Ice houses, barn corner 79
Cheap 77
Cold storage 63, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 73
Commercial 43–55
Creamery 71, 72
Dairy and cold storage combined 72, 73
Silo 77
Ice in transportation 91–96
Fisheries, ice in the 95
Ocean transportation 94–95
Refrigerator cars 91, 92
Refrigerator vessels 94
Value of 94
Ice machines, Principles of 85–86
Industry, the ice 7–10
Extent of 7, 9
Home of 9
Origin of in United States 7
Laws for protection of crop 11
Regarding prohibition of cutting on polluted streams 11
Public vs. private ownership of ice fields 12
Legal and sanitary matters 11–14
Gravel as a bed for ice ponds, use of 12
Laws for protection of crop 11
Preservation of purity of streams and lakes 11
Purity of crop, how maintained 11
Marketing ice 60
Ownership of ice fields, public vs. private 12
Packing house, a cold 98–101
Construction of 99–101
Temperature considered in removing fruit from 101
Use for on large farms 98, 99
Packing ice for shipment 58
Packing in the house 37–41
Methods employed, various 38
Method, a good 38, 39
Quantity packed dependent on arrangement 38
Runs, arrangement of outside and in 37–40
Preface 5
Purity, conditions of 11, 23
Shipping ice from field 42
Refrigerator cars 91–94
Construction 91–93
Icing 93
Ventilating 93
Refrigerator vessels 94, 95
Extent of traffic through 94, 95
Temperature, how regulated 94
Ventilation of 95
Retarding cellars and houses 96–101
Caves for storage 96
Cellars without ice 97
Site for constructing ice house (see also “Cold storage ice house”) 44, 45
Accessibility from water and land 44
Arrangement of house determined by lay of land 45
Good site dependent on what 45
How to select 45
Transportation facilities considered 45
Snow, usefulness of 16
Sources of ice supply 11–14
Artificial 13, 84–91
Lakes fed by streams 11
Purity of compared 11, 12
Running streams 11
Storage cellars, construction of 97, 98
Streams, changing the course of 13
Strength of ice 62
Survey and foundation for house 45–47
Drainage, the value of 45
Foundations, extent of 45
Importance of survey 45
Inclined ways, use and construction of 54
Life of house, how extended 45
Tool room and fittings 35
Tools, care of 32–35, 41–42
Elevator machinery repairing 41
Engine and its parts 42
Good vs. inferior tools 32
Inspection of after use 41
Plows, how often rendered useless 34
Plows, the best 34
Repairing, the best time for 34
Repairing tools required 34
Saws, how to care for 32
Storing room 35
Uses of ice in refrigeration (see also “Cold storage”)
Cold storage, extent and benefits of 63
Decay of fruits prevented 67
Fruits, meats and vegetables, preservation of 65, 67
Poultry, how best preserved 73
Uses of ice, the growing 8, 64
Ventilators, construction of 51, 68
Use of 41, 56, 58, 68
Wasting of ice in house, causes and preventives 56
Weight of ice 62